جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « kerman » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Kerman Province is one of the endemic foci of scorpionism in southeastern Iran. Totally 17 species are reported for Kerman Province fauna. The current study seeks to determine the fauna of medically important scorpions in northern parts of this province.

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2019 to March 2021. The specimens were captured from different areas, by rock-rolling during day and using Ultraviolet light at night. The specimens were pre-served in ethanol (80%) and then identified using reliable identification keys for scorpions.

Totally, 499 specimens were captured from eight cities in northern Kerman. In total, 11 species belonging to three families were identified. Buthacus sp. is reported for the first time from Kerman Province. Buthacus sp., Hotten-totta cf. juliae, and Hottentotta cf. schach, were the lowest in frequency of occurrence, against Mesobuthus navidpouri as the highest frequency.

The results of this study are useful for the preparation of regional or monovalent antivenom for the Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute. Additionally, the obtained data are useful for the effective planning of scorpion control programs in the northern parts of Kerman Province, Iran.

Disability induced by severe diseases reduces life quality among elders, and leads to increased use of medications and increase in drug misuse. This study was done to determine the relation between the number of inappropriate medications used and life quality of elderly people living in Kerman during 2014.

This descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 elderly people in Kerman, Iran. The participants were selected by simple random sampling. The elderly health assessment questionnaire and Beers Criteria were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 16) and running test, Fischer’s Exact test, and logistic regression. The model fitness was evaluated by the Hosmer and Lemeshow Test.

The risk of low life quality in elders using 3 to 4 inappropriate medications was 9.98 times more than elders using no unauthorized medication. The most frequent inappropriate medications were Aspirin and Alprazolam. A significant relation was observed between low life quality and number of inappropriate medications used by elders; that is, taking a higher number of inappropriate medications was associated with lower life quality.

Many elderly people use inappropriate medications, which can have a serious adverse impact on their quality of life

Journal club is a well-known method for reviewing new scientific articles and information in different fields of medical sciences. This study aimed to explore the strategies for holding successful journal clubs at the Faculty of Health Management and Medical Informatics of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

This qualitative content analysis study was done by interviewing nine academics and postgraduate students at the Faculty of Management and Medical Informatics. One interview was conducted with each participant. All interviews were recorded and transcribed, and notes were taken during interviews. Data collection continued until data saturation was reached.

Based on the results, the most important strategies for successful journal clubs were holding journal clubs at an appropriate time, having someone in charge of organizing the facilities and content, and letting everyone participate in the discussion. Moreover, article appraisal should be taught to participants beforehand.

Although journal clubs are routinely and correctly held in many great universities around the world, this task is still not performed adequately and effectively in many educational centers in Iran. More effort should be put into holding organized and appropriate journal clubs.

Older adults are the largest group of medication users in each society. Since medications act differently in seniors compared with younger patients, great considerations are required regarding the effects and side effects of medications in the older adults. The present study aimed to determine the status of medication use and its related factors among older adults in Kerman city, Iran.

In the cross-sectional study, 388 seniors were selected using multistage cluster sampling from the population covered by comprehensive health centers in Kerman in 2021. Demographic information questions (age, gender, education level, marital status, life status, substance abuse, income, and health insurance status), a question regarding medication usage status and a question regarding disease that the elderly are currently suffering from, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Questionnaire, Geriatric Depression Scale, and Sleep Disorder Questionnaire were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using SPSS software by running Chi-square and multiple logistic regression tests.

The average number of medications used per day was 4.59 and 53.5% of the participants used five or more medications concomitantly. Antihypertensive medications had the highest prevalence (64.3%) followed by anti-hyperlipidemic (43.6%) and Supplements (41.3%). A significant correlation was found between the participants' frequency of medication use and their gender, income, primary insomnia, and cognitive impairment (p < 0.001). However, medication use had no significant association with the senior's age, marital status, education level, living status, substance abuse, and health insurance (p < 0.05). The risk of polypharmacy was 2.15 times higher in the elderly women than men (p = 0.001) and 0.45 times higher in participants with depression than non-depressed seniors (p = 0.011).

The high prevalence of polypharmacy indicates an unfavorable status of medication use among older adults in Kerman. So, authorities are required to provide educational information about polypharmacy to aged groups.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is humans’ most common erythrocyte enzyme defect. About 400 million people are estimated to be affected by this disorder worldwide. Antimalarial drugs, especially primaquine, and other oxidative stress, can cause hemolytic complications in G6PD deficient individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in Kerman City in southern Iran.
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 2016 to 2021. Blood samples were taken from all patients with symptoms of G6PD deficiency who were referred to a general hospital in Kerman City in southern Iran. The G6PD enzyme activity was measured qualitatively by fluorescent spot test.
A total of 6369 patients were included in this study. G6PD deficiency was seen in 424 (6.7%) subjects. Of 424 patients, 359 (84.7%) were severely G6PD deficient, and 65 (15.3%) patients exhibited partial deficiency. G6PD deficiency was seen in 324 (9.3%) males and 100 (3.4%) females (p < 0.001).
The results of our study confirmed the existence of G6PD deficiency in a significant percentage of patients in Kerman City. Therefore, many people in this city are exposed to hemolytic complications if they use antimalarial drugs and other oxidative substances. According to our results, testing G6PD deficiency and monitoring the potential primaquine toxicity in patients who receive primaquine are highly recommended.

The medical evolution that occurred through the transition from traditional medicine to modern medicine, together with the arrival of foreign doctors in the Qajar era, was considered one of the most important social events in the field of medicine. This was enhanced by establishing hospitals and infirmary by missionary associations, which, in turn, contributed to improving the health level. The Missionary Association of the Church was one of the most important missionary associations that started its activity in the southeast of Iran due to the prevalence of various diseases, lack of public health, and shortage of medicine and treatment. This association pursued its activities by establishing schools, hospitals, and churches to propagate and spread Christianity. During this period, Kerman suffered from various diseases, and traditional medicine was far from providing effective treatment. Therefore, the agents of the CMS Association took an important step to treat patients. To this end, they established Morsalin Hospital.This article attempts to address the following question:  what role and position did the missionary association of the church have in providing health services in Kerman? The current research was carried out in a descriptive-analytical way, taking a library approach. The research findings show that the doctors and nurses of the missionary association of the church have played an influential role in improving the health and treatment of people in the context of preaching and spreading Christianity.

 Clostridioides difficile is one of the major causes of nosocomial infections, being responsible for 15 to 25% of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. It is important to determine the epidemiology and prevalence of this bacterium at hospitals and healthcare centers.

 This study aims to investigate the prevalence of C. difficile infection (CDI) by identifying toxigenic isolates of C. difficile in different wards of the hospital.

 A total of 417 diarrheal stool samples were taken from hospitalized patients in different wards of three educational hospitals in Kerman City, Iran from 2018 to 2020. The samples were cultured on cycloserine-cefoxitin fructose agar and C. difficile suspected colonies were isolated. Identification of the cdd-3 gene for definitive diagnosis of C. difficile and identification of toxin genes in the positive isolates was performed using the PCR method.

 A total of 68 isolates (16.3%) of C. difficile were isolated from the specimens. Besides, 8.6% (36/417) and 7.6% (32/417) of the isolates were toxigenic and nontoxigenic, respectively; thus, the prevalence of CDI was 8.6%. Most of the toxigenic isolates had the A+B+CDT- toxin phenotype. The highest prevalence of CDI was observed in males, ICU ward, and age group of 41 - 60.

 A total of 8.6% of hospitalized patients with diarrhea were infected with C. difficile. The prevalence of CDI in Kerman City is lower than that in Europe, East Asia, and other parts of Iran, but it is almost the same as that in the Middle East.

Noninvasive risk prediction models have been widely used in various settings to identify individuals with undiagnosed diabetes.

We aimed to evaluate the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) and Australian Diabetes Risk Assessment (AUSDRISK) to screen undiagnosed diabetes in Kerman, Iran.

We analyzed data from 2014 to 2018 in the second round of the Kerman Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors Study (KERCADRS), Iran. Participants aged 35 - 65 with no history of confirmed diabetes were eligible. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and decision curve analysis were applied to evaluate the discrimination power and clinical usefulness of the models, respectively. The calibration was assessed by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and the calibration plots.

Out of 3262 participants, 145 (4.44%) had undiagnosed diabetes. The estimated AUROCs were 0.67 and 0.62 for the AUSDRISK and FINDRISC models, respectively (P < 0.001). The chi-square test results for FINDRISC and AUSDRISC were 7.90 and 16.47 for the original model and 3.69 and 14.61 for the recalibrated model, respectively. Based on the decision curves, useful threshold ranges for the original models of FINDRIS and AUSDRISK were 4% to 10% and 3% to 13%, respectively. Useful thresholds for the recalibrated models of FINDRISC and AUSDRISK were 4% to 8% and 4% to 9%, respectively.

The original AUSDRISK model performs better than FINDRISC in identifying patients with undiagnosed diabetes and could be used as a simple and noninvasive tool where access to laboratory facilities is costly or limited.

Cigarette and tobacco smoking are closely associated with chronic cardiovascular disease and lung cancer. We aimed to assess the prevalence and 5-year incidence rate (IR) of these two risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in Kerman, southeastern of Iran.

10015 individuals aged 15-80 were recruited to the study between 2014 and 2018 (Kerman coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors study, KERCADRS) of which 2820 had also participated in the first phase (5 years earlier). We took fasting blood samples and collected demographic information and data on cigarette and water-pipe tobacco smoking (WPTS) through interviews. 

The overall prevalence of cigarette smoking increased from 8.1% in phase1 to 8.8% in phase 2. During the same period, the prevalence of WPTS increased from 10% to 14%, especially in the age groups of 15-45 years. The prevalence of opium dependance was higher among cigarette smokers compared to WPT users. The overall 5-year IR of cigarette and WPTS was 3.6 and 4.65 per 1000 person-years respectively. The highest IRs of cigarette smoking and WPTS were reported in the age group of 15-39 years, and IR of WPTS was higher among women. Obesity, diabetes, and hypertension associated with a reduced IRs of cigarette and WPTS. 

Over the past five years, the prevalence of cigarette smoking has increased slightly, but WPTS has increased more rapidly, especially among women. The highest prevalence of cigarette and WPT smoking was in the age groups of 15-39 years. Smoking is shifting from cigarette smoking to WPTS. Age- and gender-oriented interventions would help correct the unhealthy life style in the community and prevent further smoking-related morbidities and mortalities.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between air pollution and epilepsy admission in Kerman, Iran.

In this ecological study, the concentrations of ambient air pollutants and meteorological data were obtained from Kerman Environmental Protection Agency and Kerman Meteorology Organization, respectively. Additionally, epilepsy admission data were obtained from Kerman’s Shafa hospital epilepsy registry. Generalized additive models with lags up to 7 days were used to estimate rate ratios (RRs).

Within 2008 to 2020, 894 epilepsy admissions occurred in Kerman, 498 cases (55.7%) of whom were male. The strongest relationships of epilepsy admission were observed in the over 59-year group for carbon monoxide (CO) in lag 0 (RR = 2.1455, 95% CI: 1.5823 - 2.9091), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in lag 0 (RR = 1.0409, 95% CI: 1.0282 - 1.0537), and particulate matter under 2.5 microns (PM2.5) in lag 5 (RR = 1.0157, 95% CI: 1.0062 - 1.0252). There were also significant associations for particulate matter under 10 microns (PM10) in the under 18-year group in lag 2 (RR = 1.0064, 95% CI: 1.0029 - 1.0098), ozone in lag 0 (RR = 0.9671, 95% CI: 0.9581 - 0.9761), and sulfur dioxide in lag 5 (RR = 0.9937, 95% CI: 0.9891 - 0.9983).

Exposure to CO, NO2, PM2.5, or PM10 air pollutants might be the risk factor for epilepsy admission in Kerman. Epilepsy patients had better stay away from exposure to polluted air. Staying at home on polluted days or residing in areas with less air pollution might be an option.

Spanish flu outbreak is one of the historical catastrophes in southern Iran, Kerman provinces, and citie Kerman, which wiped out most of the population. The epidemic began on October 29, 1918 and continued until 1920 in several waves. Within three years, the population of Kerman due to a Persian famine and disease was reduced from 50,000-60,000 to around 25,000-30,000. In rural areas of Kerman province, there were up to 100% deaths. It effectively killed half the population of the city and caused serious damage to its demographic context and economic development. A rather unpleasant remnant of the epidemic is Tandarestan Cemetery in Kerman, which is the burial place of a large number of people and celebrities such as Nazim al-Islam Kermani (1861-1918), a famous historian, writer and journalist. This article explores the importance of local medical history in Kerman, the effects of the flu outbreak, World War I, and the presence of the British that led to a man-made famine, and malnutrition, and finally the role played by this colonial government in amplifying the flu outbreak, Wrong prescription of opium and decimation of the city. This study examines the type of Spanish flu in Kerman, the death toll and the treatment of British troops for the people.

Coronavirus disease‑2019 (COVID‑19) pandemic can aggravate the health problems in slum areas. The present study intends to examine the challenges of health protection of slum’s residences during the COVID‑19 pandemic with the Social Determinants of Health perspective, in Kerman city in Iran.

The present study was a qualitative content analysis. Data were collected by purposeful sampling in‑depth and semi‑structured interviews with 16 people. The interviews were conducted (from October to December 2020) with the local representatives of the slum’s residents, health‑care workers, managers of facilitation offices, and welfare social service centers that are located in slum areas (Interview’s guide is attached). The textual material from the interviews was entered into the MAXQDA software and directed content analysis was used to analyze the data.

Data analysis led to the identification of 4 categories (Sociocultural, Situational, Economical, and Physical environment) and 12 subcategories: Sociocultural: lack of awareness, begging culture, low trust in disease control programs, low bottom‑up planning, and increasing violence; Situational: decreasing donors’ activities and canceling important meetings; Economical: unemployment, decreasing in income, and increasing limitations of many institutions in providing resources; and Physical environment: inadequate space and inappropriate conditions in some houses and alleys for people protection against Corona viruses.

Slum residents have faced many challenges during the COVID‑19 pandemic. These challenges can affect the health of slum and other urban dwellers. Multidisciplinary thinking and actions are needed. Increase awareness and engagement slum residents in control disease programs should be considered.