جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « legal challenges » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Artificial intelligence (AI), as a novel technology, has a wide range of applications in pharmaceutical education, one of the most important being improving the learning and teaching process. However, using AI in pharmaceutical education requires attention to ethical and legal issues. This review article explores the applications of AI in pharmaceutical education and discusses the legal and ethical challenges associated with its use.

This study reviews the application of AI in pharmaceutical science, particularly its various aspects in teaching pharmacy students. It also describes the legal and ethical challenges of using AI in this field.

The most important applications of AI in pharmaceutical education include increased personalization, improved efficiency, and effectiveness of the learning process. Additionally, using virtual assistants and AI chatbots to increase interaction and motivation, speeding up exam processes and grading, and using simulation technologies to enhance laboratory and clinical skills are effective. The most significant ethical challenges in the functioning of AI include inequality, racial discrimination, inaccurate data processing, and more. From a legal perspective, concerns such as insufficient protection of personal information, lack of privacy protection, responsibility, and liability identification mechanisms in case of damage caused by the tool's performance exist.

Despite the useful applications of AI in personalized education and increasing efficiency and motivation of pharmacy students, ethical and legal challenges such as privacy protection, elimination of discrimination, intellectual property rights, and transparency in accountability can be addressed to alleviate concerns associated with the use of this new technology.

Similar to many countries, Iran is committed to achieving universal health coverage. As such several laws have been approved regarding rehabilitation services. Examining these laws shows that there are many legal challenges in the functions of the health system including procurement, financing, resource production, service delivery and accountability, and service quality. Also, the problems of governance in Iran include unbalanced policies and laws, irresponsible intervention, weak all-round supervision, lack of thoughtful and compassionate management, and inconsistency within and between departments. In addition, rehabilitation financing in Iran is unbalanced. In the third chapter of the law of the sixth development plan, the challenges and problems of supportive institutions, especially the lack of credit and coverage gaps were brought into attention. It was emphasized that the needs cannot be met with direct support approaches. Contrary to many countries that have specific laws for recording and analyzing information for disabled people, Iran is in its initial stages of forming a database for them. Furthermore, the comprehensive law on the protection of the rights of the disabled in 2013 is not a right-oriented law emphasizing the recognition, and does not guarantee their rights equal to ordinary people; instead, it has a welfare perspective on the issue. The presence of government organizations such as Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare, and the National Welfare Organization has caused the law to become a support-economic with the dominant discourse of rehabilitation instead of empowering disabled people and becoming a budget-oriented law.

Today, couples with infertility treatment conditions are divided into four categories according to the type of treatment method, which includes: sperm donation, egg donation, embryo donation and rental uterus. Each of these methods also faces its own jurisprudential and legal challenges. In this article, we try to examine the jurisprudential and legal aspects of sperm donation. Compared to the last four methods, the two methods of embryo donation and uterine uterus faced the least challenges and problems in jurisprudence and law, but sperm donation is still controversial in terms of jurisprudence and law. Issues such as inheritance, paternal and maternal relationship, inheritance from sperm donation and from a jurisprudential point of view have not yet been resolved. The issue of fertility and sanctity of fertility through donated sperm is also one of the new issues that is being studied by mujtahids with ijtihad as one of the characteristics of Shiites. The present article, with its jurisprudential and legal approach, seeks to examine the dimensions, challenges and effects of sperm donation.

In recent years, traditional and complementary medicine has received a great interest from the public; however, the provided legal support to this field and the legal evolution and progress have not been aligned with its increasing popularity. We have experienced a ban on the practice of traditional medicine several times. Some branches of complementary medicine have also faced similar problems. In the last decade, due to the development and launch of WHO traditional medicine strategy, there has been a more positive environment for continuing the practice of traditional medicine in Iran. All these fluctuations intensify the necessity of raising fundamental legal issues in this area. This article aims to explain the main legal issues and challenges raised to the current order prevailing in Iran. The research method is documentary study based on legal analysis. The findings of this study have recognized four major challenges: rejection or acceptance of public order and Good morals, dual interpretation of the right to health, lack of coding for all aspects of indigenous knowledge of traditional and complementary medicine, and finally, the weakness of trade ::union::s identity.
Special attention to addressing the four challenges, has been considered by almost other authors. The first two challenges are intellectual and theoretical, and the third and fourth ones are practical. The contribution of this branch of medicine to providing people access to medical services and right to health has to be considered. The issue of expanding accessibility and diversity of medical services is more consistent with the idea of right to health, because expanding some branches such as traditional and complementary medicine will automatically lead to more access to medical services and fosters their diversity. Then, the question of service quality arises. Concerning quality assurance, better participation of traditional medicine experts in monitoring boards and taking advantage of integrated supervision model may help to mitigate the existing problems.