جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « lymph node metastasis » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

  Breast cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer-related death in women in developing nations. Breast cancer diagnoses have increased as a result of rising awareness among women. The expression of Estrogen receptors (ER) plays a crucial role in determining the responsiveness to specific treatments. Cyclin D1 being a marker for cell proliferation was used in this study. The primary objectives of the current investigation were to investigate the expression of Cyclin-D1 and Estrogen receptor (ER) in breast carcinoma and to establish a relationship between the expression patterns of Cyclin-D1 and ER with the histopathological features of the tumor in breast carcinoma.  

 The study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Silchar, India, from June 2021 to May 2022. A total of 59 cases of primary breast carcinoma MRM(Modified radical mastectomy)  specimens were included in the study.

 The mean age of the patients was 52.12 ± 12.47 years, and the majority of the patients were in the post-menopausal phase. Lymph node metastasis was observed in 47.5% of the cases, and the majority of the cases were in grade II. The study demonstrated a trend towards increased Cyclin-D1 and ER-positive with aging. Cyclin-D1 positivity decreases and Cyclin-D1 negativity increases as the tumor growth increases. The study showed a statistically significant association (P=0.001) between ER and Cyclin-D1. The majority of post-menopausal patients had ER-positive.

 The present study provides the incidence of different parameters associated with breast carcinoma and their statistical correlation with CyclinD1 and ER that will provide improved and crucial treatment guidance.

This study was to investigate whether annexin A7 (AnnexinA7, ANXA7) and its co-related protein tumor cell death domain silencer [suppressor of death domains (SODD)] regulates the migratory phenotype of liver cancer cells.

In this experimental study, expression of ANXA7 in Hca-P cells, PANXA7 downregulated cells and PANXA7 unrelated sequence cells was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at mRNA level and western blotting at protein level. Transwell migration and invasion assays were performed to determine the migratory phenotype.

After inhibition of ANXA7 expression, expression of SODD protein was also significantly decreased (P<0.05). Transwell cell transfer experiments showed that number of tumor cells that penetrated into the cell membrane was significantly reduced after ANXA7 silencing (P<0.05). Transwell cell invasion assay showed that number of tumor cells penetrating into Matrigel was significantly reduced after ANXA7 down-regulation (P<0.05). The CCK8 assay was measured at 0, 24 and 48 hours, and proliferation rate of PANXA7 lower weir cells was slower than that of Hca-P cells and PANXA7 non-related sequence cells (P<0.05).

SODD expression was decreased with the down-regulation of ANXA7. Down-regulating ANXA7 in Hca-P cells decreased proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells.

The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) is significantly associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Little is known regarding the potential of these markers in predicting cancer metastasis in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSCC). Therefore, this study aimed to dissect the potential of these markers in predicting the lymph node metastasis in LSCC patients.

Sixty tissue samples were obtained from the patients diagnosed pathologically with LSCC who underwent partial or total laryngectomy. The expression of MMP-9 and CCR7 was measured using the immunohistochemistry staining in the tissue samples of LSCC patients. The ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve was used to determine the most significant cut-off points of expression according to the highest sensitivity and specificity of both the markers to predict the lymph node metastasis in LSCC. Then, the relationship between the clinicopathology features and the expression of MMP-9 and CCR7 was evaluated.

The expression of both MMP-9 and CCR7 was significantly correlated with the lymph node metastasis in LSCC (P<0.001). Furthermore, CCR7 expression exhibited the highest prediction accuracy (AUC 95.7%) and sensitivity (100%) in predicting the lymph node metastasis in LSCC compared to that of MMP-9 (AUC 92.9%, sensitivity 90%). We also found that patients with larger tumor size (> 4 cm) had significantly higher expression of MMP-9 and CCR7 (P<0.002 and P<0.001, respectively). The Elevated expression level of CCR7 statistically correlated with higher MMP-9 expression (P<0.001).

MMP-9 and CCR7 might be beneficial as predictors of lymph node metastasis in LSCC patients.

Thyroid nodule is the most common presentation of thyroid carcinoma. Considering the indolent course of the disease, indeed, the papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) microcarcinoma puts much debate regarding large-scale cohorts on patient follow-up over several decades to detect differences in aggressiveness and outcome [1]. Lymph node metastases might be the salient manifestation of the disease. The nodal metastases usually appear in the central and to a lesser degree in the lateral neck mostly as a solid nodule and rarely in form of a cystic mass. In this study, we describe a case of lymph node metastasis from thyroid papillary carcinoma that clinically and radiologically mimicked a carotid body tumor and despite all pre-surgical evaluations; papillary thyroid carcinoma was detected in the final histopathology report. We intend to describe the initial clinical evaluation, radiological survey and pathology report.

Preoperative assessment of lymph node metastasis (LNM) status is the basis of individual treatment for rectal cancer (RC). However, conventional imaging methods are not accurate enough.

We collected 282 RC patients who were divided into the training dataset (n=225) and the test dataset (n=57) with an 8:2 scale. A large number of deep learning (DL) features and hand-crafted radiomics (HCR) features of primary tumors were extracted from the arterial and venous phases of the computed tomography (CT) images. Three machine learning models, including support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (KNN),and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) were utilized to predict LNM status in RC patients. A stacking nomogram was constructed by selecting optimal machine learning models for arterial and venous phases, respectively, combined with predictive clinical features.

The stacking nomogram performed well in predicting LNM status, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.914 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.874-0.953] in the training dataset, and an AUC of 0.942 (95%CI: 0.886-0.997) in the test dataset. The AUC of the stacking nomogram were higher than those of CT_reported_N_status, ASVM, and VSVM model in the training dataset (P <0.05). However, in the test dataset, although the AUC of the stacking nomogram was higher than the VSVM, the difference was not obvious (P =0.1424).

The developed deep learning radiomics stacking nomogram showed to be effective in predicting the preoperative LNM status in RC patients.

Head and Neck Squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the leading cancers worldwide. Cervical lymph node metastasis is the most adverse prognostic factor for patients with HNSCC. As there are no reliable factors in predicting lymph node metastasis, recent researchers focus on identifying various metastasis markers that will aid treatment selection. Podoplanin is a recent marker strongly associated with lymph node metastasis, aggressive tumor behavior, and poor prognosis. The expression of podoplanin in human squamous cell cancers and its association with cancer cell motility suggest a possibility that it could be used as a biomarker to predict lymph node metastasis. To study the expression of podoplanin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, determine its association with clinicopathological variables, and predict its use as a biomarker in predicting lymph node metastasis.

The present study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Podoplanin expression was studied in 45 cases of HNSCC and its association with clinicopathological variables. The predictive power of podoplanin was further analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The positive and negative predictive values of podoplanin were determined concerning the presence or absence of lymph node metastasis.

Podoplanin expression is significantly associated with histological grade (P=0.03) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.01). In logistic regression analysis, podoplanin expression (Odds Ratio: 5.66, Confidence Interval: 1.23 -25.87, P=0.02) was a significant independent predictor of lymph node metastasis.

Our study demonstrates that podoplanin provides prognostic information and predicts lymph node metastasis which was consistent with our studies in the literature. Thus, podoplanin may help better stratify patients selected for elective neck node dissection in early tumor stages and clinically negative regional disease.

The rate of lymph node metastasis in patients with invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) could be considered a critical prognostic factor whose measurement may enhance therapeutic outcomes in these patients.

The current study aims at determining the rate of lymph node involvement in IMPC patients and comparing it with that of invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified (IDC-NOS) patients.

In this case-control study, a total of 124 participated, including 61 patients with IMPC and 63 patients with IDC-NOS. The rate of lymph node metastasis and its possible connection with the patient's age, tumor size, grade and focality, lymphovascular invasion, and proportion of micropapillary component were determined in patients with IMPC and compared to that of IDC-NOS patients.

Lymph node involvement was detected in 80.3% of patients with IMPC, which is significantly higher compared to patients with IDC-NOS. No significant correlation was found between lymph node metastasis and the patients’ age, tumor size, and focality in both IMPC and IDC-NOS groups. Furthermore, no significant relationship was observed between lymph node metastasis and tumor grade in IMPC, while metastasis to lymph nodes was directly correlated with higher tumor grades of NOS type. Moreover, in both types of cancer, lymph node metastasis was significantly associated with lymphovascular invasion. In patients with IMPC, no statistically significant relevance was observed between lymph node metastasis and the percentage of micropapillary components.

According to the results of this study, patients with IMPC had a significantly higher rate of lymph node involvement compared to IDC-NOS. Hence, the rate of lymph node involvement could be used as a prognostic factor in these patients.

BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers among men and women worldwide. Cancer metastasis is the main cause of death in patients with cancer. NEBL(nebulette, Gene ID: 10529) protein interacts with thin filaments in the cell and may functionally destabilize focal adhesion composition. There are some studies on NEBL gene expression alteration in cancer. In the presented study we aimed to analyze NEBL gene expression in patients with colorectal cancer to explore possible association of this gene with clinicopathological features in CRC.
METHODSSixty-seven fresh samples of colorectal tumors and adjacent normal tissues were collected from Iranian patients with CRC. Real time polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure the level of NEBL gene expression and its association with clinico-pathological features.
RESULTSA significant overexpression with 3 fold increse was seen in NEBL mRNA level in tumoral tissues compared with the adjacent normal tissues. In addition there was a significant association between NEBL gene expression with lymph node metastasis in patients with CRC.
CONCLUSION The overexpression of NEBL has the capacity to be considred as a prognostic biomarker in patients with CRC.

This study detected osteopontin (OPN) and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) expressions to explore the roles of OPN and MMP-7 in the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A retrospective study was conducted on NSCLC tissues (n = 152; case group) and adjacent nonneoplastic lung parenchyma (adjacent to tumor >5 cm; n = 152; control group) collected from 152 NSCLC patients. The protein expressions of OPN and MMP-7 were detected by immunohistochemistry. OPN and MMP-7 messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The protein and mRNA expressions of OPN and MMP-7 in NSCLC tissues were evidently higher than those in adjacent nonneoplastic lung parenchyma (all P < 0.05). OPN protein and mRNA expression were associated with the degree of differentiation, tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging, and lymph node metastasis in NSCLC (all P < 0.05). MMP-7 protein expression was associated with TNM staging and lymph node metastasis (both P < 0.05) while MMP-7 mRNA expression was associated with the degree of differentiation, TNM staging, and lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05). A significantly positive relativity was revealed between OPN expression and MMP-7 expression (protein: r = 0.789, P < 0.001; mRNA: r = 0.377, P < 0.001). Lymph node metastasis, TNM staging, OPN, and MMP-7 protein expressions were independent risk factors for the prognosis of NSCLC (all P < 0.05). High MMP-7 and OPN protein expressions are closely related to the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of NSCLC, and can be served as unfavorable prognostic factors for NSCLC.

Gastric cancer is a silent killer, claiming more than seven hundred thousand lives every year. This heavy burden creates an irrefutable need for accurate, noninvasive methods of population screening and early detection as well as disease monitoring and management. Gastric cancer is a multi-factorial disease with an uneven geographic distribution, mostly affecting the developing countries and Southeast Asia. The multi-dimensional roles of microRNAs in gene regulation and tumorigenesis have prompted investigators to explore their potentials in diagnosis and treatment of various cancers, including gastric cancer. In this respect, miR-21 has attracted much attention as well as generating some controversies. Here, we aim to describe, in a chronological order, the numerous studies which have explored 1) the interactions of this oncomir with Helicobacter pylori infection, as a class I gastric carcinogen, 2) its potential mechanisms of oncogenicity, by various induction/inhibition assays, and 3) its application as a diagnostic/prognostic invasive (tissue) and non-invasive (circulating) biomarker.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy has shown to be a good alternative procedure for axillary lymph node dissection and to lead to lower frequency of morbidity, though this technique has its own side effects. It needs especial equipment and may not be available in some medical centers, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to identify a subgroup of patients with higher probability of metastasis to sentinel lymph node that can be excluded from indications of this procedure. In this cross-sectional study, the clinical data of 195 patients with breast cancer who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy in Tehran, Iran, between 2009 and 2011 were reviewed. Whenever tumor features showed significant association with sentinel node metastasis in univariate analyses, logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors. Univariate analyses revealed that tumor size and lymphovascular invasion have significant association with sentinel lymph node metastasis (P = 0.009 and P < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, age had an significant association with positive sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) (P = 0.004). Other factors, including tumor grade, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, were not associated with positive sentinel lymph node biopsy in univariate analysis. All factors that showed significant association in univariate analysis remained statistically significant predictors of positive SLB in multivariate analysis. It seems that young breast cancer patients, those who have tumors larger than 5 cm and those with lymphovascular invasion, are at an increased risk of sentinel lymph node metastasis.

The presence of metastatic lymph nodes is the most important prognostic factor for gastric carcinoma; however, the optimal system for the accurate staging of lymph node metastasis for patients with gastric cancer remains controversial. This study was designed to compare five systems in relation to the N classification of gastric carcinoma. This multicentric historical cohort study was conducted on 148 patients with M0 gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent gastrectomy in, five referral hospitals in Iran. Lymph nodes were sectioned, stained with hematoxyl in and eosin. The lymph node status was classified according to the five systems which are: The number of involved lymph nodes (TNM staging), metastatic lymph node ratio (N ratio), and the largest involved lymph node size, largest metastatic nest size and largest metastatic nest to lymph node size ratio. Patients were classified into significant prognostic groups by the five N classification method including the TNM method, N ratio (0, ≤0.15, 0.15-0.4, >0.4), largest involved lymph node size (0, ≤5, 5-11, >11 mm), Largest metastatic nest size (≤1, 1-7.5, >7.5 mm) and largest metastatic nest to lymph node size ratio (≤0.3, 0.3-0.9, >0.9). All of the above systems remained as independently significant prognostic factors in terms of overall and disease free survival time. Among the N staging systems we recommend the metastatic lymph node ratio and largest metastatic nest to lymph node size systems, since they are reproducible, simple, have good survival applicability, have prognostic value and include less stage migration especially in patients whom fewer than 15 lymph nodes are dissected.

The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation of P53 and granzyme B (GB) expression, and also the relationship between P53 expression and GB+ cell density with lymph node metastasis, histologic grade, and inflammation intensity in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Immunohistochemical technique with P53 and GB antibodies were performed on stored paraffin blocks from 48 patients with OSCC (with lymph node metastasis n = 24; without lymph node metastasis n = 24). The density of GB expression was quantified both in invasive front (peritumoral) and within cancer nests (intratumoral). P53 positivity was seen in 13 (54.16%) cases of the nonmetastatic group and 14 cases (58.3%) in the metastatic group. A significant correlation was seen between P53 immunoexpression and histologic grade (P = 0.047), but there was no significant correlation between P53 expression with lymph node metastasis and inflammation intensity. The density of GB+ cells in the peritumoral zone correlates with a higher intratumoral GB expression (P = 0.001) and was significantly higher in the nonmetastatic group (P = 0.029). No significant correlation between GB and P53 immunoexpression, lymph node metastasis, or inflammation intensity was seen. The present study showed that the presence of a higher density of GB+ cells infiltrating the peritumoral area may have an important role against tumoral cells, prevent lymph node metastasis, and better prognosis in OSCC patients.