جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "maternal age" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Maternal factors like age, existing medical conditions, and exposure to medications/substances during pregnancy are crucial in the development of congenital anomalies. This study aims to investigate maternal risk factors associated with congenital anomalies in newborns in Yazd from 2018 to 2021. This particular research entails a cross-sectional descriptive analysis where the data concerning all live births and their respective mothers from the years 2018 to 2021 in the hospitals situated in Yazd were culled from the database of the National Mother and Newborn Health Registration System affiliated with Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. Over four years, approximately 122,098 mothers' information was recorded in the mother's information registration system. The outcomes about social factors indicated that 1.3% of mothers with limited educational background and 0.62% of educated mothers had newborns with abnormal conditions. The heightened occurrence of newborns with congenital anomalies among mothers with lower educational attainment in comparison to their educated counterparts was deemed statistically significant (P < 0.001). Moreover, mothers under the age of 19 exhibited a 1.2% frequency of abnormalities, a rate significantly surpassing that of other age brackets. The discernment that very young mothers and those with limited education exhibit a higher frequency of abnormalities underscores the necessity for enhanced medical attention and awareness within these specific demographic segments. Nevertheless, further comprehensive inquiries regarding risk factors among mothers and high-risk cohorts are imperative.

 This study aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal predisposing factors with the level of maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and free subunit human chorionic gonadotropin and nuchal translucency.Materials and 

 We performed a cross-sectional-analytical study on 762 pregnant women who referred to the Gene Azma Medical Genetics Laboratory in Isfahan for amniocentesis. All pregnant women at high risk of screening in the first trimester of pregnancy for trisomy 21 and other aneuploidy were referred to a gynecologist for amniotic fluid sampling (amniocentesis). Multiple of the means (MoM) of PAPPA ≤0.5, 0.5 ≥ MoM free β-hCG >2.5, and NT ≥3.5 mm were considered abnormal. We used Chi-square method and Mann–Whitney U-test to compare data qualitative and quantitative, respectively.

 In individuals with less pregnancies and deliveries, the value of abnormal NT was higher (P < 0.01, P < 0.001, respectively). On the other hand, the highest abnormal rate of NT was observed in pregnant women under 35 years (21, 84%, P < 0.012). In addition, abnormal levels of free β-hCG are more common in women < 35 years of age (186, 66.9%, P < 0.02) and female fetuses (171, 58.8%) (P < 0.006).

 According to the results of this study, it can be said that considering the underlying factors of pregnant mothers in performing tests related to screening in the first trimester of pregnancy can lead to a reduction in false positive rates.

Oxidative/nitrosative stress in the oocyte microenvironment could have an impact on intracytoplasmicsperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. The presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) canstimulate the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to chronic inflammation and potentially affecting embryo aswell as oocyte quality. This study aimed to examine the relationship of lipid peroxidation [measured by the malondialdehyde(MDA) assay] with protein carbonyl [measured by the 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) assay] levels in cumulus cells(CCs), as well as nitric oxide (NO), peroxynitrite (ONOO-), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in follicular fluid (FF).The potential relationship of these levels with ICSI outcomes was also evaluated. In this prospective study, 63 FF samples and their corresponding CCs were collected forICSI procedures. Spectrophotometry was used to assess levels of DNPH, MDA, NO, and ONOO-. CRP levels wereevaluated using an immunoturbidimetric assay. The patients under 37 years with normal ovarian reserve had significantly lower levels of MDA, DNPH,NO, ONOO-, and CRP compared to those over 37 years. Additionally, we observed higher levels of MDA, DNPH,NO, ONOO-, and CRP in the group with an oocyte maturity rate of less than 60%. No significant difference was observedbetween the DNPH levels and factors such as infertility duration, embryo quality, pregnancy, or the number ofretrieved oocytes. A higher level of MDA, NO, ONOO-, and CRP was found to be significantly related to the lowernumber of retrieved oocytes, longer periods of infertility, poor embryo quality, and negative pregnancy outcomes. Oxidative/nitrosative stress, linking to inflammation in the oocyte microenvironment, can be consideredas a potentially useful biomarker for assessing the development and competence of oocytes and embryos and predictingICSI outcomes.

This study aimed to assess the awareness of and risk factors for developing preeclampsia among women in Saudi Arabia.

In this cross-sectional study, women from the western region of Saudi Arabia were investigated from September, 2022 to December, 2022. To this end, the data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire. The survey was distributed to the general population via social media, shopping centers, outpatient clinics, and inpatient wards of King Abdulaziz University Hospital.

The study sample consisted of 541 women ages 18–50, who were not involved in the medical field. Only 11.7% of the participants had risk factors for pre-eclampsia, whereas the rest did not have any risk factors. These findings indicated that the participants were at low risk of developing preeclampsia, but they had poor knowledge of and limited general information about this disorder (e.g., its signs and symptoms, risk factors, and complications).

Women in the western region of Saudi Arabia faced lower risk of developing preeclampsia. However, they had poor knowledge of preeclampsia, which highlighted the need to increase their awareness of it.

Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) is a novel screening method for fetal aneuploidy that facilitated non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) through analysis of cffDNA in maternal plasma. However, despite increased sensitivity, it has a number of limitations that may complicate of its results interpretation. Therefore, elucidating factors affecting fetal fraction, as a critical limitation, guides its clinical application.

In this report, systematic search was carried out through PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases until February 11, 2022 by using keywords consist of "noninvasive prenatal screening", "NIPT", "noninvasive prenatal", "cell free DNA" and "fetal fraction". The articles were screened for eligibility criteria before data extraction.

A total of 39 eligible studies, most published between 2010 and 2020, were included. Based on the results of studies, a negative correlation between maternal age and BMI/body weight with fetal fraction was found. Furthermore, LDL, cholesterol, triglyceride level, metformin, heparin and enoxaparin therapy, hemoglobinrelated hemoglobinopathies, and physical activity showed to have negative associations. Interestingly, it seems the ethnicity of patients from South and East Asia has a correlation with fetal fraction compared to Caucasians. Positive correlation was observed between gestational age, free β-hCG, PAPP-A, living in high altitude, and twin pregnancy.

Considering each factor, there was significant inconsistency and controversy regarding their impact on outcomes. Indeed, multiple factors can influence the accuracy of NIPS results, and it is worth noting that the impact of these factors may vary depending on the individual’s ethnic background. Therefore, it is important to recognize that NIPS remains a screening test, and comprehensive pre- and postNIPS counseling should be conducted as part of standard clinical practice.

 Delayed childbearing has become a worldwide phenomenon, yet the association between advanced maternal age (AMA ≥35 years) and pregnancy outcomes remains unclear. This issue has also been inadequately explored in Iran. To assess the relationship between pregnancy complications and AMA in the Iranian context.

This cross-sectional study involved 891 women who had consecutive pregnancies and were referred  for delivery to an academic hospital at Mashhad university of medical sciences, Mashhad , Iran, from March 2015 to March 2019 for  The women were considered  into the two age groups, namely, a 20 to 34year group and an AMA group, who were then assessed in terms of complications of late childbearing, such as preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); mode of delivery; and five-minute Apgar score. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test and the Mann–Whitney U test in SPSS version 9. The P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

 The AMA group exhibited lower five-minute Apgar scores and a significantly higher prevalence of preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and GDM (p < 0.05). The two groups also substantially differed concerningquality of prenatal care (p < 0.001). Regarding the mode of delivery, cesarean section was more prevalent in the AMA group, whereas vaginal delivery was more common in the younger group (p < 0.001).

With regard to trend to pregnancy in higher maternal age and higher pregnancy complication in this population, precise preconception counseling is crucial to educating couples for early childbearing at younger age.

There is evidence that the incidence of trisomy 21 has a direct linear relationship with maternal age, and older women are at a higher risk for giving birth to neonates with Down syndrome (DS).

The present study aimed to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of combined first-trimester screening (FTS) for DS in women of different ages in Southwest Iran.

In this cross-sectional study, FTS was conducted on 7192 pregnant women in the 11th to 13th week of gestational age, referred to the Narges Medical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Laboratory, Ahvaz, Iran. Amniocentesis and cytogenetic analysis were performed in all women with an estimated risk of 1 in 100 and above.

The FTS detection rate of DS was 83.3%, with the false positive rates of 2.1% and 13.5% in young women and those over 35 years, respectively. A significant correlation (r = 0.137, P < 0.001) was observed between the high risk of DS (1:100) and maternal age. The high risk of DS was found to be higher in women over 35 years of age than those under 35 years old (6.67% vs. 1.95%). Total DS prevalence was 2.64 per 1000 cases. The prevalence of DS in women under and over 35 years of age was 1.95 and 6.67 per 1000 pregnancies, respectively.

First-trimester screening is an effective method for estimating the risk of DS in women under or over 35 years of age. Although an advanced maternal age is associated with a higher prevalence of DS, clinicians should recommend FTS as the first-line screening method regardless of maternal age.

Delayed childbearing is increasing. Increased maternal age has been associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications. On the other hand, the adolescent pregnancy has traditionally been considered high-risk, especially in developing countries.

This study aimed to compare the adverse pregnancy outcomes in different age groups of pregnant women.

The analytical study with cross-sectional design was conducted on 345 pregnant women referred to one of the maternity hospitals in Rasht, Iran in 2018 who were selected by sequential sampling method. They were followed from gestational age >37 weeks until delivery in 3 groups: <19 years, 19-35 years and >35 years. The data collection tool was a two-part researcher-made questionnaire which surveys demographic, fertility, and socioeconomic information and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test, ANOVA, Bonfrroni test, Spearman correlation test, and multiple linear regression analysis).

The highest prevalence of maternal diabetes mellitus (29.7%) and cesarean section (72.46%) were reported in the age group >35 years. The highest frequency of premature rupture of membranes (18.8%) and abnormal fetal presentation (13.8 %) were reported in age groups <19 years and 19-35 years, respectively. Among maternal outcomes, maternal diabetes, abnormal fetal presentation, premature rupture of membranes and delivery by cesarean section were significantly different between three groups (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between maternal age and neonatal outcomes in ages groups <19 years and 19-35 years (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression model showed that the maternal age <19 years was a predictor of adverse neonatal outcomes. The group <19 years reported more adverse outcomes than the age group 19-35 years (β=0.282, 95% CL: 0.002-0.561, P=0.049).

All age groups of pregnant women faced some pregnancy outcomes. Due to Iran’s new plan to encourage childbearing, prenatal screening, and receiving more prenatal care, we recommend pregnant women to participate in childbirth preparation training courses.

The Hippo pathway plays an important role in embryo development, and separation of trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM) cell lines. Therefore, this study investigated effect of maternal age on activity of Hippo pathway in human embryos.

In this experimental study, the developed up embryos to the blastocyst stage and the embryos whose growth stopped at the morula stage were collected from women aged 20-30 years old (young group, 94 embryos) and >37 years (old group, 89 embryos). Expression of OCT4, SOX2, CDX2, GATA3, YAP genes and the relevant proteins, in the both groups were evaluated using respectively quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunofluorescence methods.

There was no significant difference in the expression level of OCT4, SOX2, CDX2, GATA3 and YAP genes in blastocyst and morula stages, between the two groups. However, SOX2 and CDX2 gene expressions in morula stage embryos of the old group was statistically lower than that of the young group (P=0.007 and P=0.008, respectively). Additionally, in the embryos collected from women with >37 years of age, at the blastocyst stage, phospho-YAP (p-YAP) protein was found to be accumulated in the TE, but it was almost disappeared from the ICM. Additionally, in the old group, contrary to the expectation, YAP protein was expressed in the ICM, rather than TE.

The results of this study showed that YAP and P-YAP among the Hippo signalling pathway may be altered by increasing age.

The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the Cumulative Live Birth Rate (CLBR) following one or more completed in vitro fertilization cycles (up to 6 cycles) stratified by maternal age and type of infertility.

Five hundred forty-seven women who received 736 fresh ovarian stimulation/embryo transfer cycles between January 2016 and December 2016 were included in a tertiary referral center in the Middle East.

In all women, the live birth rate for the first cycle was 33.0% (95% CI 27.8-38.2). The CLBR showed an increase with each successive fresh cycle to reach 56.9% (95% CI 51.2-62.4) after 3 cycles and 67.9% (95% CI of 62.5-73.0) after 6 cycles. The CLBR following 6 cycles reached 69.9% (95% CI 63.8-75.6) in women younger than 35 years. In women older than 40 years, the live birth rate for the first cycle was significantly low at 3.1% (95% CI 0.3-9.5) with a plateau in success rates after 4 cycles reaching 21.9% (95% CI 9.2-40.0). Couples with different types of infertility had CLBRs ranging from 65% to 72%, with the exception of women with low ovarian reserve where CLBRs reached 29.4% (95% CI 10.3-56.0).

The CLBR in a referral center in a Middle Eastern country reached 67.9 % after 6 cycles, with variations by age and type of infertility treatment. These findings are encouraging for patients insisting to extend their treatment beyond 4 to 5 cycles.

Background Small for gestational age (SGA) refers to newborns whose birth weight is less than the 10th percentile for gestational age. The aim of this study was to provide a comparative assessment of ultrasound placental findings in SGA and normal-weight fetuses in singleton pregnant women. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total number of 112 singleton pregnant women who were in their second trimester and referred to Shariati and Imam Khomeini hospitals, Tehran, Iran, during 2016-17 were selected. Ultrasound placental findings were assessed in SGA and normal-weight fetuses. Fetal and maternal indices were also assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16.0). Results There was a significant relationship between maternal age and IUGR (0.026); while no significant relationship was found between gestational age and IUGR (p=0.185). No statistically significant difference existed between male and female fetuses in terms of IUGR (p=0.542). The highest artery Doppler systolic-diastolic pressure ratio was found in EFW90th percentile groups were the highest and lowest respectively with a statistically significant difference with other groups (p<0.01). Amniotic fluid index was the lowest in 5-10th percentile and Conclusion Based on the results, SGA incidence was significantly related to maternal pregnancy age, artery Doppler systolic-diastolic pressure ratio, UARI, AFI, and placental thickness. As such, ultrasound methods can be employed during pregnancy to detect SGA incidence.

Previous research has documented bidirectional associations between age at childbirth and socioeconomic status (SES) among mothers. Built on the Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDRs) theory, this study compares the association between maternal age at childbirth and income between non-Hispanic Blacks and non-Hispanic Whites.

We used the data of the Fragile Families and Child Well-being Study (FFCWS), a longitudinal study from 1998 to 2016 in the United States (US). This study included 2922 women who were non-Hispanic White (n=776) or non-Hispanic Black (n=2146). Maternal age at childbirth was the independent variable, and income was the dependent variable. Educational attainment, marital status, delivery characteristics, car ownership, and welfare dependence were the covariates. For data analysis, linear regressions were applied.

Higher maternal age at childbirth was associated with higher income (adjusted b=0.30). We found a significant interaction between maternal age at childbirth and race on income, suggesting that the positive association between mothers’ age at childbirth and income was weaker for non-Hispanic Blacks than non-Hispanic Whites (b=-1.14, 95% CI=-1.50, -0.77).

Postponing childbirth may have a smaller economic return for non-Hispanic Black women, which is in line with Marginalization-related Diminished Returns theory. Diminished returns of postponing reproduction may be a result of social stratification and structural inequalities that separate the lived experience of Blacks and Whites in the United States.

Advanced maternal age (AMA) is an important factor in decreasing success of assisted reproductive technology by having a negative effect on the success rate of intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), particularly by increasing the rate of embryo aneuploidy. It has been suggested that the transfer of euploid embryos increases the implantation and pregnancy rates, and decreases the abortion rate. Preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) is a method for selection of euploid embryos. Past studies, however, have reported different results on the success of pregnancy after PGS in AMA. Investigating the pregnancy rate of ICSI with and without PGS in female partners over 35 years of age referred to infertility centers in Tehran.
In this randomized controlled trial, 150 couples with the female partner over age of 35 were included. Fifty couples underwent PGS and the remaining were used as the control group. PGS was carried out using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) for chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y. Results of embryo transfer following PGS were evaluated and compared with those in the control group.
Implantation rates obtained in the PGS and control groups were 30 and 32% respectively and not significantly different (P>0.05).
PGS for chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y does not increase implantation rate in women over 35 years of age and therefore the regular use of PGS in AMA is not recommended.

Obstetricians regard maternal age of 20 to 35 years as the optimal age for pregnancy. Adolescent pregnancy and pregnancy at the ages of 35 years and above are associated with higher risks. Pregnancy is pro-arrhythmic and rarely precipitates ventricular arrhythmias.. QT dispersion is an index of heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization and a predictor of propensity of ventricular arrhythmias. In this study, this index was used to find any relationship between maternal age and ventricular arrhythmia risk.. This study was performed among a group of healthy pregnant ladies between 36 and 40 weeks of gestation. An ECG was taken from each patient. QT dispersions were calculated on a computer screen with high magnitude. The results were then divided into three groups based on the age of the participants. The first, second, and third groups included the women below 20, between 20 and 35, and over 35 years, respectively. The three groups were compared using Kruskal-Wallis test..The mean QTd was 61.77 ms (± 16.61) in the first group, 64.15 ms (± 18.65) in the second group, and 55.95 ms (± 23.04) in the third group. Although QTd was prolonged in all, no significant difference was observed among the three groups regarding QTd.. Our results showed QT prolongation in pregnancy, but showed that maternal age did not affect the heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization and propensity of ventricular arrhythmias in pregnancy..

Several studies have indicated that when compared to non-consanguinous marriage, consanguinous marriage may lead to a higher incidence of congenital abnormalities. The study was performed to evaluate few screening tests to estimate the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the first trimester compared between familial and non-familial marriages. In this cross sectional study, 300 pregnant women with singleton pregnancy presenting to Tabriz Al-Zahra hospital from 2007 to 2009 were enrolled as study population. The participants were evaluated about chromosomal malformations using a combination of NT (Nuchal Translucency), PAPP-A (Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A), and free beta- human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG). In positive screening test results, the participants underwent fetal karyotyping using amniocentesis or chorionic villi sampling (CVS). Pregnancies with higher risk were observed more among non-consanguineous marriages. The maternal age was not found to be a determinant in this regard. NT and free β-hCG values (but not PAPP-A) were significantly different between the two study groups. The triple screening test had a sensitivity of 100%. There were two cases of Down syndrome both belonging to the maternal age less than 35 years and non-consanguineous marriages. Considering that a statistically significant association was not observed between abnormal test results and pregnancy complications (p=0.73), it seems that it is essential to use screening tests in all pregnant women. Especially that the only two pregnancies with Down syndrome in our study were under 35 years of age.