جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « metaplasia » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The capability of the urinary tract to undergo metaplastic changes such as squamous, intestinal, glandular, mucinous, or ciliated epithelium in renal pelvis has been previously reported, which hypothetically is due to the mechanical irritation of the transitional epithelium. However, transitional metaplasia is a rare presentation in the collecting ducts. The aim of this paper was to report this type of extremely rare metaplasia and to inform pathologists that they may encounter this kind of metaplasia. A 25-year-old man, a known case of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), referred to the Imam Reza Hospital; affiliated to the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, for bilateral nephrectomy. Gross evaluation of bilateral nephrectomy specimens showed atrophic kidneys and dilated pelvicalyceal systems. The light microscopic evaluation showed transitional metaplasia in the background of chronic pyelonephritis, confirmed by GATA3 nuclear immunohistochemical stain.  In this study, we presented a rare case of a renal collecting duct with transitional epithelial lining replacing the normal epithelium as a metaplastic change, with the hypothesis that previous medical history including VUR, or hemodialysis could be the trigger for the metaplastic change, which should be confirmed by further studies.

To evaluate the efficiency of Menstrual blood Stromal/Stem Cells (MenSCs) administration in Myocardial Infarction (MI), the effects of MenSCs and their derived conditioned Medium (CM) on cardiac function in MI rat model was assessed.

Animals were divided into four groups including sham group, MI group, MenSCs derived CM group (CM group), and MenSCs suspended in CM (MenSCs+ CM) group. The injection of different groups was carried out 30 min after ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery into the infarct border zone.

The results showed a significant reduction in scar size after injection of MenSCs+CM compared to MI group. Ejection fraction and fractional shortening of MenSCs+CM group were higher than CM and MI group at day 28. Administration of MenSCs+CM led to much more survival of cardiomyocytes, and prevention of metaplastic development. Moreover, human mitochondrial transfer from MenSCs to cardiomyocytes was seen in group treated by MenSCs+CM. Indeed, MenSCs+CM treatment evoked nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) down-regulation more than other treatments.

MenSCs+CM treatment could significantly ameliorate cardiac function by different mechanisms including inhibition of cartilaginous metaplasia, inhibition of NF- κB and mitochondrial transfer.

Melanotic oncocytic metaplasia of the nasopharynx is an uncommon disease, usually asymptomatic, that could be misdiagnosed for melanoma, because of its macroscopic features. For this reason, is necessary to know it thoroughly and to take it into account in the differential diagnosis.  

A 69-year-old Italian woman presented to our Otorhinolaryngology Clinic with a 1-month history of sore throat. She has been a smoker for several years. During the nasopharyngoscopic examination, grey-brown, irregular and slightly elevated lesions, measuring few millimetres, were found near the right Eustachian tube opening. The preliminary diagnostic hypothesis was malignant disease. After biopsy and histopathological assessment, the lesion was diagnosed as melanotic oncocytic metaplasia of the nasopharynx that is a benign and rare disease. So, given the multiple lesions and their benign nature, they were controlled with regular nasoscopic examinations.  

Melanotic oncocytic metaplasia is a benign lesion of the nasopharynx and it is necessary to emphasize the importance of its clinical awareness for differential diagnosis with malignant lesions.

Considering the diagnostic and therapeutic costs of patients with dyspepsia and the importance of diagnosis during gastrointestinal malignancies, in this study, we investigated the necessity of gastric mucosal biopsy in dyspeptic patients with normal upper endoscopy in Modarres hospital and their 6 months follow up. We studied their endoscopic biopsies changes and some of the involved risk factors this duration.

In this clinical trial study, 115 patients with dyspepsia, were referred from gastroenterology clinic of Modarres hospital during 2017-2018, were evaluated. Patients were enrolled in a study that did not have any ulcer and mass or deep mucosal lesion in the early endoscopy Surface erosions were no exception and could be included. Five biopsy samples were obtained from different stomach sites. After the pathology results, the patients who had malignancy reports, excluded from the study and other patients were treated with anti-acid drugs and, if necessary, eradicated Helicobacter pylori. After 6 months, they were again subjected to endoscopy and biopsies were taken. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22.

The rate of Helicobacter pylori in patients with endoscopic dyspepsia without mucosal lesions after 6 months of treatment was reduced compared to pre-treatment p<0.05, 20.9% vs 12.2%. The severity of chronic gastritis mild to moderate in patients with endoscopic dyspepsia without mucosal lesions after 6 months of treatment was reduced compared to pre-treatment p<0.05, 89.6% vs 80%. There was a significant difference between metaplasia in patients with endoscopic dyspepsia without mucosal lesions before and 6 months after treatment p<0.05, 33%, vs 20%. Female gender, negative family history of GI cancer and not using alcohol were factors that significantly improved the results of biopsy chronic gastritis/ H. pylori /metaplasia after 6 months.

Regarding the reduction in the severity of chronic gastritis, Helicobacter pylori and metaplasia in this group of patients after 6 months of treatment, it is recommended that refraining from unnecessary follow-up and biopsy and imposing cost to the patient and the medical system and be limited to high-risk groups.