جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "miniature" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"
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Most people believe that they are adequately aware of sex and its etiquette and hence, they don’t need any education to improve their sexual knowledge. However, relevant issues that are often treatable, like sexual diseases or dissatisfaction, have made physicians write or translate various manuscripts and books to improve public knowledge of sex. The medical manuscript “Lazzat Un Nisaʼ” is an example of such an educational resource. In this paper, the miniatures of the manuscript and their relationship with the text are analyzed. The purpose is to determine the method employed in this visual narrative. The results indicate that the Miniaturist has not resorted to the erotic art; he, rather based his illustration on a lyrical-realistic method. This illustration refers to the effects of sexual knowledge on the success of married life, the intimacy between man and woman, and the satisfaction of their relationship. Accordingly, he has used intelligently visual techniques to picture people, especially women, in the most physical and mental health. He aims to evoke such effects by visual narrative in the miniatures and present the content of the medical text in the manuscript attractively.Keywords: Illustration, Sexual knowledge, Medical Manuscript, Lazzat Un Nisaʼ, Miniature, Female, Sexual behavior
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Background
Visual thinking strategy (VTS) is an interdisciplinary education that focuses on art. In this method, all students think about complex artistic elements. VTS uses visual literacy to teach communication skills and thinking.
ObjectivesThis study aims to compare the educational effectiveness of Persian pictures with classical painting, which leads to teaching the concepts of medical humanities using medical students’ perspective.
MethodsIn this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, medical students of clinical course (trainees and interns, 4th - 7th year of medicine) in the second semester of the 2021 academic year attended a VTS discussion session, which contained thinking about three paintings, including a classical western painting, a Safavid era miniature, and a contemporary painting. At the end of the session, an opinion poll on the effectiveness criteria was completed by the students separately for each painting, and the results were analyzed.
ResultsAccording to the findings, our intervention improved visual and auditory sensitivity, accuracy and attention, interaction and cooperation with others, teamwork, and an understanding of their share in the group. In addition, from the perspective of contemporary miniature students, this field played a prominent role in reducing job exhaustion, anxiety, and stress, and created a sense of calm and aesthetics in students by applying topics and issues of the day and paying attention to socio-cultural issues. Classical western painting conveyed a sense of calm and discomfort to the students. Based on the results of interpretive content analysis, this kind of painting had a profound effect on themeaning transmission so that it exposed the comprehensive views on the subject to the viewer’s sight. Given that the Safavid miniature contains various symbols that express the details of the social context and cultural traditions related to human beings, it conveys a variety of senses. On the other hand, the use of classical painting and contemporary Persian painting in VTS discussions in medical education was more prominent than the Safavid era miniature.
ConclusionsMiniature can have helpful effects on improving medical professional skills similar to classical painting in VTS topics.
Keywords: Medical Humanities, Visual thinking Strategy, Miniature, Medical Education, Medical Students -
زمینه و هدفخودکارآمدی در دانش آموزان دارای اختلال یادگیری زمینه پژوهشی مهمی می باشد. کودکان دارای اختلال یادگیری غیرکلامی به خاطر شکست های متعدد در زندگی، اعتماد به نفس پایینی داشته و بسیاری از توانایی های خود را نادیده گرفته و فراموش کرده اند؛ لذا این پژوهش به منظور بررسی تاثیر آموزش نگارگری بر افزایش خودکارآمدی در کودکان دارای ناتوانی یادگیری غیرکلامی انجام گرفت.مواد و روش هامطالعه حاضر از نوع شبه آزمایشی (پیش آزمون، پس آزمون) با گروه گواه بود که به شکل مقطعی در مدت 2 ماه اجرا گردید. از میان 60کودک دارای اختلال یادگیری غیرکلامی در کلینیک روان شناسی پیوند و مرکز اختلالات یادگیری ویژه یوسف آباد تهران به صورت تصادفی، 20 نفر(10 نفر دختر و 10 نفر پسر) در هر یک از گروه های آزمایش و گواه جایگزین شدند. میانگین سنی دختران در گروه آزمایش33/10 و در گروه گواه 30/9 و میانگین سنی پسران در گروه آزمایش 9 و در گروه گواه 10 بود. برنامه آموزشی در طول 10 جلسه 60-45 دقیقه ای بر روی گروه آزمایش اجرا گردید؛ در طول این مدت، گروه گواه، برنامه عادی خود را دنبال کرد. هر دو گروه با فاصله زمانی4 هفته، 2 بار مورد ارزیابی (پیش آزمون و پس آزمون) قرار گرفتند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات در این مطالعه آزمون خودکارامدی شرر بود. مقیاس شرر یک پرسش نامه 17 ماده ای 5 گزینه ای لیکرت می باشد(ضریب الفای کورنباخ نسخه فارسی= 79/0). فرضیه های این پژوهش با استفاده از نرم افزارSPSS نسخه 20 بر اساس تحلیل واریانس با اندازه گیری مکرر درون-برون گروهی بررسی شد.یافته هانتایج نشان داد که آموزش نگارگری، خودکارآمدی را در سطح معنی داری 05/0 P≤ افزایش داد.نتیجه گیریساده کردن و قابل فهم کردن اصول نقاشی در بالا بردن خودکارآمدی کودکان دارای اختلال یادگیری موثر می باشد، از این رو استفاده از این تکنیک برای افراد دارای اختلال یادگیری توصیه می شود. هم چنین مطالعات بیشتر با گروه کنترل و آزمایش بیشتر، به منظور بررسی تاثیر هنردرمانی برای کودکان دارای اختلال یادگیری غیرکلامی ضروری می باشد.
کلید واژگان: نگارگری, خودکارآمدی, اختلال یادگیری غیرکلامیAim andBackground: Self-efficacy is an important research in students with learning disability. Because of multiple failures of children with nonverbal learning disability, they have low self-esteem and missed their abilities, so the aim of the present study was to explore the effect of study of miniature on self-efficacy of children with nonverbal learning disability (NLD).Methods and Materials: This is an experimental study (pre-test, post-test) with the control group which was conducted during 2 months. 20 children (10 boys and 10 girls) with NLD were selected from 60 children in Peyvand psychological clinic and Yousef Abad center and randomly was implementing in experimental and control groups. The average age of the girls in the experimental group was 10/33 and in the control group was 9/30 and the average of age of boys in the experimental group was 9 and in the control group was 10. The experimental group took part in ten sessions of miniature with 45-60 min, while the control group was put on a waiting list. Both groups received the Sherer self-efficacy test tow times (pre-test and post-test) during 4 weeks. Sherer test is a valid and relaibale questionnaire with 17 items likert scale (Coronbach alpha coefficient for farsi version =0.79). Findings of this study were analysed by ANCOVA based on repeated measure using SPSS version 20.FindingsThe results revealed that Persian miniature had a significant effect on self-efficacy (P≤0.05).Conclusions The findings of this study showed that simplify and enhance of paintings were effective in raising of self-efficacy of children with learning disabilities, so it could be a good technique for NLD children and suggested for them. Further studies with control group and greater sample size are warranted to evaluate the efficacy of art therapy for NLD clients.Keywords: Miniature, Self, efficacy, Nonverbal learning disability
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