جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « nutritional status » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The role of the mothers is very important in providing care and monitor their children`s health in general. Their awareness concerning quality of foods which is needed for each child`s developmental stage can effect on nutritional status This Study assess the effect of an nutritional education Program on mother knowledge regarding their children nutritional status.

Sixty moms were chosen from Al-Ayn Social Care Foundation International in Al-Samawah City and take on using a quasi-experimental design. The researcher used a non-probability "purposive sample" and measured the height and weight for child before calculating the body mass index.

The current study found a relationship between moms' educational level and knowledge regard to sociodemographic characteristics with a p-value of .001. However, there were no significant correlations observed between mothers' knowledge in the control group and their age, level of education, occupation, residency, monthly income, and sources of information.

Following the interventional program on nutrition-related health, the level of knowledge among the mothers in the study group was enhanced. The study suggested that the nutrition education program should be offered to all moms in order to enhance their understanding and enthusiasm regarding the significance of child nutrition. Additionally, it was advised that their education should be regularly updated.

Children are prone to undernutrition which adversely affects their health status. Nutritional status of under-five children is a sensitive indicator of nutrition and child health. Hence, the present study is undertaken to assess the prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among under-five children in a rural area of West Bengal, India.

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1680 under-five children who were selected by 30 cluster sampling technique to assess the prevalence and determinants of undernutrition. Nutritional status was assessed by means of weight-for-age, height-for-age, weight-for-height and mid-upper arm circumference-for-age criteria based on World Health Organization’s child growth standards.

The prevalence of underweight, stunting, and wasting among under-five children was found to be 33.7%, 34.8%, and 21.6%, respectively. Moreover, 39.4% of the studied children had low mid-upper arm circumference-for-age.  After adjustment for possible confounders, maternal illiteracy, lower socio-economic status, presence of anemia and any childhood morbidity were found significant determinants of undernutrition.

Widespread prevalence of undernutrition among under-five children with anemia and childhood morbidity as important determinants highlights a need for multi-disciplinary integrated approach towards improving the child health and nutrition. Long term measures like improvement of maternal education and poverty alleviation should also be considered in future plans.

Malnutrition in hospitalized children can impair health outcomes. The STRONGkids screening tool requires further reliability testing across diverse healthcare providers to identify pediatric patients requiring nutritional support. This study evaluated the effectiveness of STRONGkids compared to standard anthropometric criteria in determining malnutrition risk among hospitalized Iranian children.  This cross-sectional analysis evaluated 287 patients (mean age nine months) admitted for ≥4 days across all non-critical wards in a pediatric hospital in Mashhad, Iran, from November 2020 to October 2021. STRONGkids categories were compared to weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ), BMI-for-age (BMIZ), and weight-for-length/height (WLZ/H) z-scores using agreement statistics.  The malnutrition rate exceeded previous estimates for Iranian pediatric patients. STRONGkids demonstrated statistically significant agreement with WLZ/H (p<0.001) and WAZ (p=0.014) in ruling out malnutrition risk. However, sensitivity for identifying high-risk cases was suboptimal.  STRONGkids can reliably exclude malnutrition when agreement exists with anthropometric criteria. Standardizing training and administration of the tool could optimize sensitivity and utility for detecting hospitalized children requiring nutritional intervention.

This study aimed to explore caregiver practices for optimizing toddlers’ healthy growth and development.

This qualitative research was done using an explanatory case study design. Qualitative exploration was conducted through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 19 parent participants selected via purposive sampling. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcriptions were screened for relevant information, manually coded, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Five themes related to caregiving practices emerged, including the fulfillment of children’s health requirements, the provision of sufficient nutrition, responsive parenting, ensuring safety and security, and offering early learning opportunities.

Comprehensive support for optimizing the growth and development of stunted children requires collaboration among parents, family members, health centers, government initiatives, community organizations, and professionals in the health, education, and social sectors.

Hematological cancer patients are prone to the development of sarcopenia and impaired nutritional and functional status. SARC-CalF is a screening tool for the risk of sarcopenia that has shown good results in this population. This study aimed to identify the risk of sarcopenia by SARC-CalF and to verify its association with nutritional status and Hand Grip Strength (HGS) in patients with hematological cancer.

Adult patients, of both sexes, with hematological cancer, and in outpatient care participated in the study. We measured the Hand Grip Strength of the Dominant Hand (HGSD) and the Adductor Pollicis Muscle Thickness of the Dominant Hand (APMTD). Moreover, we applied the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and SARC-CalF. Data were analyzed with SPSS® software, 22.0, with a significance level of 5.0%.

Fifty-one patients aged an average of 60.4 ± 15.1 years were evaluated. Of those, 58.8% were elderly, 51% female, and 80.4% declared themselves non-white. The predominant diagnosis was Mature B Lymphoid Cell Neoplasia (37.7%), and 60.8% of the patients had a diagnosis time of ≤ 3 years. PG-SGA revealed that 35.3% of the patients were malnourished; APMTD and HGSD revealed that 60.8% and 25.5% had reduced muscle strength, respectively. SARC-CalF exposed that 39.2% of the patients were at risk for sarcopenia. Significant associations were found between SARC-CalF and diagnosis time ≤ 3 years (p = 0.039), PG-SGA (p = 0.020), APMTD (p = 0.039) and HGSD (p = 0.002). After binary logistic regression adjusted for age and sex, the reduced HGSD remained associated with the risk of sarcopenia.

SARC-CalF identified a risk of sarcopenia in 39.2% of patients. The reduced HGSD was associated with the risk of sarcopenia.

Considering that nutritional status is one of the influential factors in the process of recovery of patients with COVID-19, this study was conducted to determine the nutritional status of COVID-19 patients and its relationship with clinical outcomes.

This cross-sectional study included 155 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 disease (18-80 years) using PCR test and chest CT scan. The nutritional status of participants was assessed employing Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire, Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, and Nutrition Risk in Critically(NUTRIC) score.

Among 81 men (52.3%) and 74 women (47.7%) based on MNA, 30 participants (19.4%) and based on GLIM criteria, 42 participants (27.1%) suffered from malnutrition. Also, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (GLIM: p=0.038, p=0.008, respectively; MNA: p=0.04, p=0.01, respectively) and blood oxygen saturation (MNA: p=0.01; GLIM: p=0.012)were significantly associated with nutritional status of participants. MNA and GLIM findings showed a relative agreement of 0.35 (p<0.0001).

Nutritional status was demonstrated to be a critical factor that can affect the clinical condition and recovery process of COVID-19 patients. GLIM was shown to be practical and reliable criteria to measure the nutritional status for diagnosis and prognosis of patients with COVID-19.

Some studies indicated that membership in social networks could lead to overweight or obesity. Other studies showed that social networks and the Internet could affect people's nutritional status. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of social networking on students' attitudes and eating habits. This study is a descriptive survey conducted among students. A questionnaire designed in four main parts to measure students' nutritional status and attitude was used as an instrument. Three hundred sixty-four (364) students participated in this study. In addition, a Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between the variables. Most participants in this study were female and single, and Telegram was the social network with the most users. The participants believed that spending time on social networking did not significantly change their tendency to get more nutritional information. Also, respondents to the questionnaire stated that there was no significant change in their food consumption patterns following social networking. Moreover, the results explained a statistically significant difference in the participants' dietary beliefs due to social networking (p<0.001). Although the effect of social networking on users is a fact, and most of the participants used social networking and were members of several channels, the role of social networking in students' nutrition status was not confirmed. However, social networking could change the students' nutritional beliefs.

Social capital is a concept that has been identified to improve health outcomes in many populations. Due to COVID-19 and many other factors, Sri Lanka faced a massive economic crisis that affected the nutrition of communities. Many community engagement initiatives have begun to promote the country’s nutrition during the worst-hit years. The Mothers’ Support Groups initiative is one of the existing community engagement initiatives that is well known for strengthening community social capital. This article discusses how the Mothers’ Support Groups (MSG) initiative in Sri Lanka contributed to improving social capital in Sri Lanka during the economic crisis, focusing on nutrition.

We conducted a case study on the activities undertaken by mothers’ support groups in view of how they focused on social capital. We selected all activities presented by districts that improved social capital related to nutrition promotion captured in the YouTube video stream. We analyzed these qualitative data to identify the main themes related to social capital and nutritional promotion. Two coders transcribed the video recordings. We analyzed the data using the iterative thematic inquiry (ITI) method and initially assessed beliefs about concepts, building new beliefs through encounters with data, listing tentative themes, and evaluating themes through coding.

Six major themes were identified (that social capital had been strengthened to promote nutrition): awareness creation of nutrition, home gardening promotion, promoting livestock farming, minimizing food waste, improving the home economy, and psychosocial health promotion. The most common forms of social capital encountered in these themes were bonding, bridging, and linking. Furthermore, strengthening structural social capital is more prominent than strengthening cognitive social capital.

Social capital can improve nutritional status during crises. Activities that can be used to achieve this vary from simple awareness creation among communities to more advanced psychosocial health promotion. Overall, social capital contributed to the community development aspect of health promotion to a greater extent.

 The Maluku region encompasses thousands of islands. The study analyzed factors related to stunting among children under two years old in the Maluku Region of Indonesia.

Study Design: 

A cross-sectional study.

 This cross-sectional study examined 4764 children under two years. In addition to nutritional status (stature), the study analyzed ten independent variables (province, residence, maternal age, marital status, maternal education, employment, wealth, children’s age, gender, and early initiation of breastfeeding [EIBF]). Finally, the contribution of various factors to stunting was examined using logistic regression.

 Children in Maluku province were 1.13 times more likely than those in North Maluku province to become stunted. In addition, children aged 12-13 months were 4.09 times more likely than<12 months, and boys were 1.87 times more likely than girls to have the patterns of stunting. Children in rural areas were 1.10 times more likely to become stunted than those in urban areas (95% confidence interval: 1.06, 1.14). Divorced/widowed mothers were 1.88 times more likely than married mothers. Mothers of all education levels were more likely than those without formal education, and unemployed mothers were 1.07 times more likely than employed mothers to have stunted children. The possibility of becoming stunted was lower when the children were wealthier.

 Nine variables were related to stunted incidence, including province, residence, maternal age, marital status, maternal education, employment, wealth, children’s age, and gender.

Since most studies evaluating the prevalence of hospital malnutrition in Iran have only been conducted on a specific group of patients, the present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition in several different hospital wards.

The nutritional status of 284 hospitalized patients was evaluated using the PG-SGA short form and compared according to demographic data and body mass index (BMI). Demographic and SGA domains were compared across BMI categories. Malnutrition degree was also compared.

Among the participants, 37.0% (n=105) had moderate malnutrition and 51.1% (n=145) had severe malnutrition. Comparing differences within patients according to their BMI status, there were no significant differences according to age, hospitalization duration, and current food intake status. Only sex and cause of hospitalization showed significant differences. Most of male participants had normal weight and were hospitalized for non-GI disorders (P=0.001 and 0.031, respectively). As expected, the scores obtained from weight, food intake, and symptoms sections of the questionnaire were higher in underweight patients in comparison to other BMI categories. Comparison of the same characteristics as per malnutrition status showed that people with high risk of malnutrition were older (P= 0.023), had oral food intake (P=0.007) and normal BMI (P=0.001).

The number of patients at high risk of malnutrition was relatively significant in the study. A high frequency of malnutrition was observed among individuals with normal BMI. Screening tools in addition to BMI should be used to detect patients at risk of malnutrition.

Sports nutrition knowledge is one of the essential needs of coaches. However, there is no standardized questionnaire in Persian to assess coaches' nutritional knowledge and information. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of Persian version of the Coach Sports Nutrition Questionnaire (CSNQ).

CSNQ was translated-re-translated according to the WHO standard method, following Iranian culture and eating habits. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by test-retest method, correlation coefficient and internal reliability by Cronbach's alpha, and differential validity by independent t-test. 123 Iranian coaches completed the questionnaire.

The total internal reliability of the questionnaire assessed by Cronbach's alpha was 0.73. The intragroup correlation of the questionnaire, assessed by the test-retest method, was 0.71. Moreover, the comparison of the coaches with different levels of education was found to be significant (P < 0.001).

The Persian version of the questionnaire regarding the coaches' nutrition sports knowledge has acceptable reliability and validity. It can help other studies and evaluate sports nutrition knowledge in Persian coaches.

Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is vital to investigate vascular atherosclerosis. Studies have provided conflicting information regarding the factors affecting this thickness. This study aims to determine CIMT in adults and investigate its relationship with background variables, and metabolic and nutritional factors.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on the adult population of Mashhad City, Iran, and in the cohort center of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences during 2018-2019. At the beginning of the study, a complete history was taken and general examinations were performed. For all subjects, a B-mode ultrasound was performed by a radiologist in the neck region to evaluate the carotid arteries. Also, anthropometric characteristics, including height, weight, and body mass index, and metabolic factors, including blood sugar, blood pressure, cholesterol level, triglyceride level, and nutritional factors, including daily calorie consumption were calculated.

A total of 431 people with an mean age of 43.41±6.59 years were included in the study, 190 cases (44.1%) were men and 241 cases (55.9%) were women. The median thickness of the left carotid artery (0.63, 0.50) was 0.55 mm, and the median thickness of the right carotid artery (0.49, 0.61) was 0.54 mm (P=0.003). Also, the mean intima-media thickness (IMT) of the right and left carotid arteries was significantly higher in males than in females (P<0.05). Correlation of different quantitative data with IMT of both carotid arteries showed that all quantitative data except pulse rate (P<0.05) and energy (P<0.05) had a significant positive correlation with IMT of both right and left carotid arteries which were weak to moderate. Age and weight had a direct and significant relationship with the right and left CIMT (P<0.05). In addition, the male gender was associated with greater thickness of the left carotid artery (P<0.05).

The results of our study indicated that what is almost certainly related to CIMT is age and weight, which increases with the increase of both CIMT. More studies are needed to confirm these things

Gestational diabetes is a medical complication. This study was conducted to investigate the role of HAPA in predicting diabetes control behavior and eating style in diabetic pregnant mothers referred to the healthcare centers of Abadan University of Medical Sciences (South of Iran).
Instrument &

This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on 82 subjects selected by simple random sampling in 2021. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25 software.

We found that 41.5% of mothers were in the age group of 21-30 years. Also, 43.9% were at the middle economic level. Among demographic variables, income was the strongest predictor of nutritional behavior (p=0.01, r=19.9, and β=-0.299). None of the model constructs alone predicted nutritional behavior in pregnant women. The HAPA model was able to predict 21% of the variance of the nutritional behavior among the subjects (p<0.001, r=0.210, and β=0.458).

Behavioral intention and action planning are effective in educating pregnant women to prevent and control diabetes.

Chaya is a drought tolerant, fast growing, perennial and nutritionally rich leaf. Its nutritional values vary depending on the environment and agronomic practices.

Proximate compositions, minerals, and phytochemicals analysis of the newly introduced Chaya leaf grown at Dire Dawa (arid land), Ethiopia, were determined using official standard methods.

 Moisture content, protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash, and carbohydrate were 5.63, 23.96, 8.98, 2.87, 9.05, and 49.49%, respectively. In addition, the energy content of leaf was found 374.62 kcal/100g. Mean values of each mineral such as calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) were 253.68, 68.02, and 4.85 mg/100g, respectively. Phytochemical analysis revealed that phenols, tannin and hydrogen cyanide contents of Chaya leaf were 1916.66, 176.53, and 102.00 mg/100g, respectively.

Proximate composition, minerals, and phytochemicals make the plant valuable and a health promoting diet for communities settled in dry areas of the country. Therefore, Chaya has the potential to contribute to food and nutrition security, and health for the community suffering from malnutrition in drought prone areas.

Irregular working times or atypical working schedules, accompanied by the risk of unhealthy dietary habits, physical inactivity, and partial sleep deprivation, potentially lead to increased metabolic risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status, physical activity level, and the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of South Zagros Oil and Gas Production Company (SZOGPC) employees (predominantly irregular-shift workers) toward diet and nutrition. This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to October 2017 on 997 SZOGPC workers. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measures, biochemical markers, physical activity status, KAP, and dietary intake of the employees were assessed and analyzed. The offered menus were also analyzed. The participants’ mean age was 37.0±6.7 years; the majority of them were married (88.2%) and had irregular-shift work (85.6%). Approximately four-fifths of the participants were either pre-obese or obese, and two-thirds had central obesity. Over half of the participants had high serum triglyceride concentrations and inadequate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase levels were higher than the normal range in 79.0% and 36.2% of the subjects, respectively. The KAP survey showed that only 28-31% of the interviewed participants had acceptable KAP subscale or total scores on the principles related to weight gain and obesity. The mean energy intake was almost 50% more than the average recommendations. Irregular-shift workers appear to be at increased health risk, particularly in terms of acquiring non communicable diseases. Effective lifestyle interventions such as nutrition education and basic menu changes must be considered as a major priority to promote health in such populations.

Supplementary feeding has been verified as highly cost-effective in improving nutritional and health statuses, especially in vulnerable children such as those affected by a crisis. The objective of this study was to assess effects of supplementary feeding with an enriched corn-soy mixture on the nutritional status of internally displaced schoolchildren in the West Region of Cameroon.

In this study, pretest-posttest randomized experimental design was used. Sixty internally displaced schoolchildren were recruited from four primary schools in the West Region of Cameroon. They were subdivided into two groups of 30 children each (intervention and control groups). Children in the intervention group were fed with an enriched corn-soy mixture three times a week for 13 w, while those in the control group did not receive the formulated food. Anthropometric, biochemical and morbidity statuses and clinical signs of the malnutrition in the children were assessed at the beginning and at the end of the supplementation using standard anthropometric and biochemical equipment and pretested questionnaires.

Children who received the enriched corn-soy mixture gained averagely a further 0.41 kg of weight and an average of further 0.46 cm of height, compared to the control group. There were statistically significant improvements in the mean weight-for-age (p = 0.032), BMI-for-age (p = 0.000) and MUAC-for-age Z-scores (p = 0.001), clinical signs of malnutrition [xerosis (p = 0.048), Bitot’s spot (p = 0.047) and pallor (p = 0.025)] and hematological indicators such as serum albumin (p = 0.026) and hemoglobin (p = 0.043) levels.

This study highlights that supplementary feeding with enriched corn-soy mixture is one of the effective ways of decreasing prevalence of malnutrition in vulnerable children.

Nutritional status is believed to affect the immune system and parasite density in children diagnosed with malaria from Plasmodium vivax infection. It is known that nutritional status could facilitate the growth of protective immune response towards malaria antigen, but some studies have shown that poor nutrition could cause clinical complications and lead to severe malaria. There have also been different reports on the relationship between nutritional status and parasite density.

This study aimed to examine the association between nutritional status and parasite density in children with vivax malaria in Kualuh Leidong area.

This cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2019 to January 2020 in Kualuh Leidong to investigate 48 children aged between 2 - 18 and diagnosed with vivax malaria. The nutritional status of children with fever and positive Plasmodium vivax confirmed by microscopic examination were evaluated. Parasite density was determined in order to assess the severity of the infection. A non-parametric test was performed to examine the association between these two conditions.

There was a significant association (P = 0.032) between sexual parasite density and nutritional status. There was a significant association (P = 0.032) between sexual parasite density and nutritional status. However, no significant association was found between nutritional status and asexual parasite density (P = 0.222).

HIV infection and AIDS are associated with numerous challenges, and infected people experience extreme despair, fear, anxiety, and depression. However, counseling therapy and yoga techniques may help ease stress-related illness, produce internal strength through relaxation, and enhance immunity.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of counseling therapy and Hatha yoga on the adherence level, nutritional status, and quality of life (QOL) of HIV-infected adolescents.

A randomized controlled trial study was conducted. Through the simple random method, 388 (195 in the experimental and 193 in the control group) HIV-infected adolescents were selected. The data of HIV-infected adolescents and caregivers were collected from four main Antiretroviral Therapy clinics in Chennai, India, through Standardized Antiretroviral Therapy adherence, QOL, and a structured nutritional assessment questionnaire. Motivational counseling was given to the experimental group, and the researcher demonstrated selected asanas. The data were collected from both groups at 0, 3, and 6 months intervals. The descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics of the student independent t test and Chi-square test were used to determine the effectiveness of interventional variables in both groups.

The Mean±SD age of the experimental group of adolescents was 13.6±2.2 years, and that of the control group was 13.8±2.4 years. There is an improvement range in the experimental vs the control group for the components of adherence level (13.4% vs 4.9%) and QOL (15.1% vs 0.9%) at a significance of P=0.001 with a 95% confidence interval. Also, the nutritional gain score was significantly increased to 9.3% vs 1.5% (P=0.05). Regarding CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) count, the baseline mean score was 664.86 vs 669.72, whereas, in the sixth month, it significantly increased to 840.35 vs 703.35 (P=0.001).

Motivational counseling and behavior modification of yoga efficiently improved health status and well-being among HIV-infected adolescents in the experimental group compared to the control group.