جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « optic nerve injuries » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

This study was conducted to review the demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment protocols, and visual outcomes of patients with optic neuropathy. This historical cohort study analyzed the clinical features of 91 patients with optic neuropathy followed up for three years at a university hospital in Turkey. Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION) was the most common group among the optic neuropathy subgroups (47.2%), and optic neuritis (ON) was the second most common group (38.5%). The mean age of symptom onset for NA-AION was 64.97 ± 12.15 years, significantly higher than the mean age of onset for ON (40.28 ± 15.52 years). Most of the patients with NA-AION had at least one systemic disease causing microangiopathy [51.1% had diabetes mellitus (DM), 33.3% had hypertension (HTN)]. Among the patients with ON, 51.4% were idiopathic, and 25.7% were multiple sclerosis (MS)-related ON cases. Patients with ischemic optic neuropathy (ION), ON, and traumatic optic neuropathy received pulse intravenous (IV) corticosteroids, and eleven patients with NA-AION received acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) therapy in addition to corticosteroids. There was a statistically significant increase in visual acuity in NA-AION and ON groups (P = 0.019). It was observed that the cases of ON peaked in the winter months in Turkey. In the differential diagnosis between NA-AION and idiopathic ON, the presence of one or more vascular systemic diseases and mean age may be the main factors. IV steroid treatment given to patients with NA-AION in the acute phase may significantly improve visual acuity.

Penetrating orbital trauma (POT) consists of high and low velocity penetrating injuries that may lead to severe consequences such as visual impairment and globe tearing. It has been reported to make up 30% to 50% of all orbital injuries. POT requires a multidisciplinary approach due to complex orbital injury, which involves eye function, brain injury, and facial aesthetics. In this report, we presented a case of POT due to knife injury in which the knife blade was removed and bleeding was controlled, the patient’s general condition after surgery was good, but the vision of the right eye was lost.

Penetration of a bicycle brake handle into the orbit is a rare and serious type of trauma. Globe subluxation due to such trauma has not been previously reported. .
A 10-year-old girl presented after falling from a bicycle, which resulted in the handbrake penetrating her right upper eyelid. On examination, the globe was subluxated anteriorly, there was no light perception, and the pupilla was fixed and dilated. Radiologic studies revealed orbitonasal fractures, hemorrhage, emphysema in the orbit and cranium, and rupture of the extraocular muscles. The globe was replaced into the orbit with the help of lateral cantholysis and orbital septotomy. During 22 months of follow-up, the globe remained intact, but total loss of vision, blepharoptosis, and extraocular motility restriction persisted..
This case and previous reports show that bicycle brake handles can cause severe, penetrating orbital and cerebral traumas that can result in vision loss or fatality. Brake handles should be designed to protect bicyclists from such injuries..