جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « parasitic infection » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »
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زمینه و هدف
عفونت های انگلی در کودکان یکی از مهمترین مشکلات بهداشتی و سلامتی در کشورهای جهان خصوصا کشورهای در حال توسعه می باشد و بیماریهای اسهالی همچون آنتاموبا هیستولیتیکا از عوامل ایجاد مرگ و میر در کودکان هستند، بنابراین هدف این مطالعه مروری سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز تعیین شیوع آنتاموباهیستولیتیکا در کودکان ایرانی میباشد.
روش بررسیاین مطالعه یک مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز با بررسی پایگاه های)Scientific Information Database)SID) ، Medline)PubMedو Scopusو Google Scholarتا اسفند 1401می باشد. اطلاعات استخراج شده وارد نرمافزار) Comprehensive meta-analysis (version 2شده و از طریق آزمون I2ناهمگونی و از طریق آزمون ،Egger testتورش انتشار مطالعات بررسی شد.
یافته هادر بررسی 12مطالعه با حجم نمونه 10982کودک ایرانی، شیوع آنتاموبا هیستولیتیکا در کودکان ایرانی)%95 CI %0/6-1/7) %1گزارش شد. نتایج متارگرسیون نشان داد در بررسی عوامل موثر بر ناهمگونی مطالعات و بررسی تاثیر حجم نمونه بر این ناهمگونی، گزارش شد که با افزایش حجم نمونه، شیوع آنتاموبا هیستولیتیکا در کودکان ایرانی کاهش))P<0/05و همچنین با افزایش سال انجام مطالعات، شیوع آنتاموبا هیستولیتیکا در کودکان ایرانی کاهش پیدا می کند).)P =0/289
نتیجه گیرینتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان می دهد که که شیوع آنتاموباهیستولیتیکا در کودکان ایرانی در سطح بسیار بالایی نیست اما برای تداوم اقدامات پیشگیرانه و رسیدن به سطوح پایینتر همچنان نیازمند توجه سیاستگزاران سلامت این حوزه جهت انجام اطلاع رسانی گسترده و انجام غربالگری جهت جلوگیری از تاثیرات این بیماری انگلی در کودکان می باشد.
کلید واژگان: آنتاموبا هیستولیتیکا, عفونت انگلی, آمیبیاز, کودکان, متاآنالیز}Govaresh, Volume:28 Issue: 4, Winter 2024, PP 238 -246BackgroundParasitic infections in children are one of the most important health and health problems worldwide, especially in developing countries. Diarrheal diseases such as those caused by Entamoeba histolytica are among the causes of death in children, so the purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica in Iranian children.
Materials and MethodsThis study is a systematic review and meta-analysis by examining the Scientific Information Database (SID), Medline (PubMed), Scopus and Google Scholar until March 2023.
ResultsIn a review of 12 studies with a sample size of 10,982 Iranian children, the prevalence of Entamoeba Histolytica in Iranian children was reported to be 1% (95% CI 0.6-1.7%). The meta-regression results showed that in examining the factors influencing the heterogeneity of studies and examining the effect of sample size on this heterogeneity, it was reported that with increasing sample size, the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica in Iranian children decreased (P<0.05) and also with the increase in the year of conducting studies, the prevalence decreases in Iranian children (P=0.289).
ConclusionThe results of the present study show that the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica in Iranian children is not at a very high level, but to continue preventive measures and reach lower levels, it still requires the attention of health policymakers in this area to carry out extensive information and screening to prevent the effects of this parasitic disease on children.
Keywords: Entamoeba histolytica, Parasitic infection, Amoebiasis, Children, Meta-analysis} -
Background
Parasitic infections in children can negatively impact their growth, health, nutrition status, and cognitive development.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate intestinal parasitic infection and its relationship with the nutritional status of primary school students in Tehran in 2020.
MethodsThe current study was conducted on 250 samples collected by the available sampling method from 2 selected residential settlements in Tehran. The samples were tested using both direct and formalin ether concentration (sedimentation) methods. The nutritional status of participants was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire. The data were analyzed by the χ2 test. A significant level was considered 0.05.
ResultsOf the 250 student samples surveyed, 45 exhibited parasitic infection. In terms of nutrition, 18 cases were malnourished, 212 cases were exposed to malnutrition, and 20 cases had normal nutrition. The frequency of parasitic infection was higher in malnourished students (P < 0.05). It was also higher in students whose parents' education levels (especially the mother) were lower.
ConclusionsIt seems that parasitic infections are associated with students’ nutritional status and their parent education.
Keywords: Parasitic Infection, Malnutrition, Children} -
در مناطق اندمیک، برخی از عفونت های انگلی ممکن است با القای سرطان و یا القای پاسخ ایمنی علیه سرطان همراه باشند. در برخی موارد انگل ها سبب بیماری در میزبان خود می شوند و در موارد دیگر به تعادل بیولوژیک با آن ها می رسند. تهاجم انگل به میزبان به عواملی نظیر گونه انگل، چرخه زندگی، تولید آنزیم و ایمنی میزبان بستگی دارد. نتایج مطالعات در نقاط مختلف دنیا نشان داده است که برخی از انگل ها نظیر شیستوزوما، اوپیستورکیس، کلونورکیس، استرونژیلوییدس، لیشمانیا، بلاستوسیستیس و کریپتوسپوریدیوم می توانند در شرایط خاص سبب القای سرطان در میزبان خود شوند ولی برخی دیگر نظیر توکسوکارا، کیست هیداتید، مزوسستوییدس، تنیا کراسی سپس، فاسیولا و پلاسمودیوم ها پاسخ ایمنی ضد توموری را در میزبان القا می کنند. برخی دیگر نیز همانند تریکوموناس، تریپانوزوما و توکسوپلاسما، هم فعالیت ضد توموری و هم فعالیت تومورزایی از آن ها گزارش شده است. از آن جایی که درک هر چه بهتر و کامل تر از این تعاملات می تواند ما را به سمت آینده ای روشن در درمان سرطان هدایت کند، لذا در مطالعه حاضر به بررسی نقش انگل ها در القا و پیشگیری از سرطان پرداخته شده است.
کلید واژگان: سرطان, عفونت انگلی, القای تومور, ضد تومور}Journal of Military Medicine, Volume:24 Issue: 9, 2023, PP 1596 -1607In endemic areas, some parasitic infections may be related to cancer induction or induction of immune responses against cancer. In some cases, parasites cause disease in their host, and in other cases, they reach a biological balance with them. Parasite invasion of the host depends on some factors such as parasite species, life cycle, enzyme production, and host immunity. The results of various studies in different parts of the world have shown that some parasites such as Schistosoma, Opisthorchis, Clonorchis, Strongyloides, Leishmania, Blastocystis, and Cryptosporidium could induce cancer in their host under certain conditions. However, others like Toxocara, Hydatid cyst, Mesocestoides, Taenia crassiceps, Fasciola, and Plasmodium initiate an anti-tumor immune response in the host. Some others, such as Trichomonas, Trypanosoma, and Toxoplasma, have both tumoral and anti-tumoral activity. A better and more complete understanding of these interactions could lead us to a clear future in the treatment of cancer, therefore, in this study, the role of parasites in the induction and prevention of cancer has been investigated.
Keywords: Cancer, Parasitic Infection, Tumor Induction, Antitumor} -
Purpose
To report a 12-year-old patient with a rapid growing orbital mass and imaging findings suggestive of rhabdomyosarcoma that was found to be dirofilariasis after mass resection.
Case Report:
We describe a 12-year-old patient with a rapid growing orbital mass involving medial part of orbit and medial rectus muscle and imaging findings suggestive of rhabdomyosarcoma. Histopathologic examination showed the mass to be composed of granulomatous inflammation and the thread-like object to be Dirofilaria repens. The patient was well post-operation without morbidity. In this paper, we describe distinct clinical features and imaging findings of this interesting case.
ConclusionDeep orbital lesions due to dirofilariasis, as in our case, is extremely rare. It is important to add dirofilariasis to the differential diagnosis of orbital mass lesions. Attention to the imaging clues, as provided in this report, can be helpful.
Keywords: Dirofilariasis, Parasitic Infection, Orbital Mass, Orbital Tumor, Zoonotic Infection} -
مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، سال هشتادم شماره 5 (پیاپی 256، امرداد 1401)، صص 408 -413زمینه و هدف
جهت کنترل استرونژیلوییدس استرکورالیس، اطلاع از وضعیت پراکندگی آن در مناطق مختلف مورد نیاز می باشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین شیوع استرونژیلوییدس استرکورالیس انجام شد.
روش بررسیمطالعه توصیفی حاضر به صورت گذشته نگر (1399-1390) انجام شد. اطلاعات آزمایش مدفوع بیمارانی که از به بیمارستان روحانی شهر بابل مراجعه کرده بودند، جمع آوری شد. تشخیص استرونژیلوییدس استرکورالیس به روش گسترش مرطوب و فرآیند تغلیظ فرمال-اتر انجام شد. شاخص های میانگین، انحراف معیار، تعداد و درصد برای توصیف داده ها استفاده شد.
یافته هادر مدفوع 420 بیمار (05/1%)، وجود استرونژیلوییدس استرکورالیس تایید شد. جمعیت بیماران مرد (249 بیمار) از زنان (171 بیمار) بیشتر بود. علایم در 206 بیمار مثبت بود. شایع ترین بیماری زمینه ای در بیماران درد شکم (220 نفر) بود.
نتیجه گیریشیوع این انگل در مردان، افراد با سنین بالا و با بیماری های زمینه ای بیشتر بود. بررسی و کنترل شیوع بیماری های انگلی، بخصوص در افراد با بیماری های زمینه ای با اهمیت است.
کلید واژگان: نماتود, عفونت انگلی, عوامل خطر}BackgroundInfection with Strongyloides stercoralis is common in tropical and subtropical regions. To prevent and treat these diseases, information on the distribution and frequency of these parasites in different geographical areas is needed. Due to the importance of diseases in the northern provinces of Iran, the present study was performed to determine the prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis.
MethodsFrom April 2011 to March 2020, stool samples from patients who were referred to Rouhani hospital in Mazandaran province, Babol, were gathered. For stool samples, microscopic detection was performed immediately using the wet expansion method, followed by a formal-ether concentration process. Based on the sample size calculation, the minimum number of patients with Strongyloides stercoralis infection was considered to be 380 patients from the years 2011-2020. Mean and standard deviation indices were used to describe quantitative data and numbers and percentages were used to describe qualitative data.
ResultsOut of the total number of 39,800 archived patient files that were reviewed, a total of 420 (1.05%) patients were confirmed for the presence of Strongyloides stercoralis in their feces. The age range of patients was 3 to 89 years. The population of male patients (249 patients) was higher than females (171 patients). In patients with positive Strongyloides stercoralis, disease symptoms were positive in 206 patients and negative in 214 patients. The most common underlying disease in patients was abdominal pain (220 patients). 271 patients received steroids.
ConclusionStrongyloides stercoralis infection was detected in the northern region of Iran. The prevalence of this parasite was higher in men, the elderly, and people with underlying comorbidities. These results can be used to identify and compare areas where the prevalence of infection is higher. Therefore, revealing the effect of Strongyloides stercoralis infection on public health makes the need for in-depth clinical and diagnostic studies important. People with chronic diseases, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic, should be screened for parasitic diseases.
Keywords: nematode, parasitic infection, risk factors} -
Background
Regarding the consequences of parasitic infections, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and types of parasitic infections in the liver of slaughtered animals and their economic losses.
Methods and MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 510,802 and 501,108 head of livestock, respectively, in 2018 and 2019, including different species of cattle, sheep, and goats in the modern slaughterhouse of Mazandaran province. All recorded livers were evaluated using macroscopic, observational, and palpation methods. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and the Chi-square test.
ResultsThe prevalence of parasitic infection of hydatid cyst in 2018 was 6.37% in sheep (liver), 2.40% in cattle, and 1.90% in goats; further, in 2019, it was 8.06% in sheep, 2.83% in goats, and 1.35% in cattle. According to the results, the prevalence of hydatid cyst was significantly higher in sheep liver than those in cattle and goats. After hydatidosis, fasciolosis was most prevalent in the liver of slaughtered animals. The highest seasonal prevalence of parasitic infections in the liver was observed in spring and summer, respectively. The average overall direct economic loss during the years of the study was estimated to be 82,362,000,000 Rial, equivalent to 588,300 USD.
ConclusionsThe rate of contamination of slaughtered animals with hydatid cysts and Fasciola is high due to the zoonotic nature of these parasites, and the damage caused by the extermination of infected areas imposes high costs on society; thus, preventive measures should be taken in livestock in this area.
Keywords: Liver, Parasitic Infection, Slaughtered Animals, Livestock} -
Background
Many parasitic diseases cause parasitic complications in humans, in addition to causing significant damage to the livestock industry. This study intended to determine the prevalence pattern of some parasitic infections observed in livestock slaughtered in Kermanshah province.
MethodsData were obtained through the examination of livestock carcasses in Kermanshah province during 2013-2017 (4367 cows, 29809 sheep, and 8995 goats) and further evaluated descriptively-analytically.
FindingsThe highest prevalence rate of a parasitic disease referred to as hepatic hydatid was observed in cows with 166 cases (3.8%), followed by goats with 116 cases (1.28%), and sheep with 320 cases (1.07%), while the highest prevalence rate of Hydatid cyst was observed in cows with 252 cases (5.77%), followed by goats with 304 cases (3.37%), and sheep with 708 cases (2.37%), respectively. Fasciola infection was recognized in 115 cases of cows (2.63%), followed by 37 cases (0.41%) of goats, and 73 cases (0.24%) of sheep, and the disparity between the rates was deemed significant. In terms of the prevalence rate of Dicrocoelium infection, a considerable disparity was observed between cows with 85 cases (1.94%) and sheep with 464 cases (1.55%), while 247 cases (2.74%) were recognized in goats.
ConclusionMoreover, a significant disparity was observed in the seasonal prevalence of infections between different livestock breeds. Ultimately, the results of this study provided essential information for the implementation of developmental and prevention programs in the monitored area.
Keywords: Prevalence, Parasitic infection, Livestock, Slaughterhouse, Kermanshah} -
زمینه و هدف
هدف از انجام این مطالعه بررسی اثرات درمانی لیزات پلاکت بر روی زخم های ایجادشده توسط انگل لیشمانیا است.
مواد و روش هادر این پژوهش از همستر به عنوان مدل حیوانی موردمطالعه و از لیشمانیا ماژور (فرم پروماستیگوت) جهت ایجاد عفونت استفاده گردید. بعد از آلوده کردن همستر بافرم پروماستیگوت انگل لیشمانیا ماژور، از روش Real-time PCR جهت پیدا کردن بخشی از ژنوم اختصاصی انگل با استفاده از پرایمرهای اختصاصی استفاده گردید. تزریق پلاکت، عصاره پلاکتی و پلاسما به محل ضایعه انجام شد و پس از انجام روش رنگ آمیزی H&E، محل ضایعه با استفاده از روش میکروسکوپی موردبررسی قرار گرفت.
نتایجنتایج روش Real-time PCR آلودگی همسترها را به انگل لیشمانیا تایید کرد. بررسی نمای هیستوپاتولوژی نشان داد که در نمونه های درمان شده با پلاسمای غنی از پلاکت، پاسخ التهابی و نکروز بافتی به همراه مقادیر بسیار زیاد انگل وجود دارد. میزان گستردگی زخم ها در هر دو گروه درمان شده با پلاسما و لیزات پلاکتی به طور قابل توجهی کاهش پیداکرده بود، اما در بررسی میکروسکوپی کاهش قابل توجه تعداد انگل در هیستوسیت ها به همراه التهاب بسیار کمتر در بافت پوست در گروه درمان شده با لیزات پلاکتی نسبت به گروه پلاسمایی مشاهده شد.
نتیجه گیرینتایج این مطالعه نشان داده که لیزات پلاکتی عملکرد بهتر و بالاتری در مقایسه با سایر بیومواد در بهبود و التیام زخم های لیشمانیایی دارد.
کلید واژگان: لیشمانیا, بیماری لیشمانیوزیس, لیزات پلاکتی, عفونت انگلی}Background & objectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of platelets lysate on leishmaniasis lesions.
Materials & methodsIn this study, we used hamster as an animal model and Leishmania major to create an infection in vitro condition. The presence of Leishmania in the site of infection was confirmed by Real-time PCR. We investigated the effect of platelet, plasma, and platelets’ lysate on leishmaniasis lesions and finally, the therapeutic effects of these biomaterials were screened by histological methods.
ResultsReal-time PCR method confirmed the presence of parasites in the site of infection. The results of histopathological investigation revealed that in lesions treated with platelet, there were inflammatory response, tissue necrosis and high amount of Leishmania. The wounds extent in both groups treated with plasma and platelet lysate was significantly reduced. However, the result showed that the amounts of Leishmania were significantly reduced in lesions of hamsters treated with platelet lysate.
ConclusionThe results showed that platelet lysate had a better and higher performance than other biomaterials in the treatment and healing of leishmanial lesions.
Keywords: Leishmania, leishmaniasis, platelet lysate, parasitic infection} -
Background
This epidemiological study aimed to investigate the prevalence of parasitic infections in BuMusa Island, Iran, in one year from 2015 to 2016.
MethodsThe current cross-sectional study was conducted in coordination with the health authorities of BuMusa on 732 intestinal samples and 1207 blood samples randomly collected from the island residents. Cutaneous lesions of 1207 people were clinically examined and those suspected of parasitic infections were enrolled. Also, 165 intestinal samples from domestic animals, 35 samples from water tanks, and 330 soil samples were taken to the laboratory to be investigated in terms of parasitic infections.
ResultsThe obtained results showed 26.4% and 45.5% intestinal parasitic infections in humans and animals, respectively. The most prevalent infections in humans were Blastocystis hominis (8.6%), followed by Giardia lamblia (8.2%), and Entamoeba coli (6.8%); and the least prevalent infection was Enterobius vermicularis (<0.2%). Malaria agents and Leishmania were not observed in blood samples. Investigation of animal feces showed that the highest parasitic infection was Eimeria arloingi (16.4%), while the lowest prevalence belonged to Monizia expansa (0.6%). Hymenolepis nana eggs and Cyclops were detected in one sub-source of water tanks. Rhabditis larva, a free-living nematode, was observed in a soil sample.
ConclusionThe prevalence of parasitic infections in BuMusa Island was relatively low probably due to its hot and dry climate.
Keywords: Parasitic Infection, Human, Water, Animals, Iran} -
سابقه و هدفدر انگلشناسی، روش های معمول آزمایشگاهی مانند میکروسکوپ نوری برای شناسایی مرفولوژیک انگلها مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد. تحقیقات اخیر بر روی روش های جایگزین به منظور بهبود بخشیدن روش های تشخیصی انگلشناسی تمرکز یافته اند. این روش ها شامل تکنیک هایی مثل سرولوژیکی، روش های پروتئومیکس با استفاده از تکنولوژی طیف سنجی و روش های مولکولی است. از روش مولکولی برای تشخیص ساختار انگلها به منظور افزایش شناسایی و تعیین خصوصیات آنها با حساسیت و اختصاصیت بالا استفاده میشود. در این مطالعه روش های مولکولی رایج و جدید جهت مطالعه و تشخیص انگلها مورد بررسی قرار گرفته استروش کاربیش از 400 مقاله در بازه زمانی 1980-2017 از پایگاه های اطلاعاتی قابل دسترس نظیر SienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, IranMedex, Scopus, SID, Magiran و کتابهای مرجع انگلشناسی انتخاب نمودهایم. نهایتا اطلاعات لازم از 92 مقاله جهت مطالعات بیشتر انتخاب شد.یافته هاروش های مولکولی رایج و جدید شامل PCR ، RT-PCR ، LAMP ، Luminex xMAP ، RAPD ، AFLP ، RFLP ، NASBA و Microsatellites با حساسیت و اختصاصیت بالا میت وانند در تشخیص عفونت های انگلی به کار گرفته شوند.نتیجهگیریروش های مولکولی ارزیابی جامع تری را در تشخیص، درمان و مطالعات اپیدمیولوژیک بیماری های انگلی و نهایتا کنترل مرگ و میر ناشی از عفونتهای انگلی فراهم میکنند.کلید واژگان: عفونتهای انگلی, تشخیص, روش های مولکولی, اپیدمیولوژی مولکولی}Background and objectiveIn parasitology, routine laboratory methods such as optical microscope are usually used for morphological identification of parasites. Recent studies have focused on alternative methods to improve the diagnostic methods of parasites. These methods include serological and proteomics techniques using spectroscopy and molecular technologies. Molecular techniques are used for identification of parasites based on their structure and characteristics with high specificity and sensitivity. In this study, new molecular techniques for the diagnosis and identification of parasites are considered.Materials and methodsWe considered more than 400 articles with published dates of 1980 to 2017 from the available databases such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, Iran Medex, Scopus, SID, Magiran and reference books. Finally, 92 articles were selected for further study.ResultsCurrent and new molecular methods such as PCR, RT-PCR, LAMP, Luminex xMAP, RAPD, AFLP, RFLP, NASBA, and microsatellites can be applied for the diagnosis of parasites infections with high sensitivity and specificity.ConclusionMolecular methods provide comprehensive assessments for the diagnosis, treatments and epidemiological studies of parasite infections and eventually control mortalities raised by parasites.Keywords: Parasitic infection, Diagnosis, Molecular techniques, Molecular epidemiology}
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استرونژیلوئیدس استرکورالیس یکی از شایع ترین نماتودهای انگلی بیماریزای انسان است که قادر به تکمیل چرخه حیات و گسترش در میزبان خود است. اکثریت بیماران مبتلا به آرتروز، یک عفونت بدون علامت یا بیماری ملایم دارند.امروزه با ازدیاد روز افزون بیماری های خود ایمنی و در نتیجه کورتون تراپی و نیز افزایش بیماری هایی همانند سندرم نقص سیستم ایمنی (Human Immunodeficiency Virus، HIV) وسرطان نگرانی های زیادی از ابتلا به بیماری های ثانویه در مورد این بیماران بوجود آمده است. این دسته از افراد بیش از دیگران در معرض ابتلا به عفونت های میکروبی نظیر آلودگی های باکتریایی، انگلی، قارچی و غیره می باشند و در صورت ابتلا ممکن است جان بیمار را تهدید کنند. از بین عفونت های انگلی استرونژیلوئیدس استرکولاریس به علت ویژگی عفونت مضاعف (Hyperinfection) در چرخه زندگی انگل از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردار می باشد. گزارش پرونده ما مربوط به عفونت استرونژیلوئیدس مزمن همراه با لوسمی حاد لنفوبلاستی می باشد.کلید واژگان: عفونت انگلی, استرونژیلوئیدس استرکولاریس, عفونت مضاعف, نقص ایمنی}Strongyloides stercoralis is one of the most common human pathogenic parasitic nematodes that is able to complete a life cycle and proliferate within its host. The majority of patients with strongyloidiasis have an asymptomatic infection or mild disease. Nowadays, with increasing the incidence of autoimmune diseases and as well as corticosteroids therapy and increase in diseases such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), cancer has been a source of concern for secondary disorders. These individuals are more likely to develop microbial diseases including bacteria, parasites, fungi, and viral infections, and if they are affected may be endanger the patient's life. Amongst the parasitic infections of Strongyloides stercoralis is very important in the life cycle of the parasite due to the specificity of the infection (Hyperinfection). Our case represents chronic strongyloidiasis with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Keywords: Parasitic infection, Strongyloides stercoralis, Hyperinfection, Immunodeficiency}
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مقدمهمصرف سبزی های آلوده نقش مهمی در ابتلای افراد به عفونت های انگلی دارد. آلودگی انگلی سبزی ها می تواند در مزرعه یا در زنجیره عرضه رخ دهد. آگاهی از میزان و انواع انگل های منتقله توسط سبزی ها در موقعیت های زمانی و مکانی مختلف ارزش بهداشتی دارد.هدفتعیین میزان آلودگی انگلی سبزیجات عرضه شده در بازار رشت می باشد.مواد و روش هادر این مطالعه توصیفی_ تحلیلی 342 نمونه از 12 نوع سبزی آزمایش شد. سبزی ها از بازار شهر رشت به روش تصادفی گرد آوری شد و 200 گرم از هر نمونه با آب حاوی دترجنت شسته و آب حاصل از شستشو سانتریفیوژ شد. رسوب بدست آمده با میکروسکپ نوری به روش مستقیم از نظر وجود انگل بررسی شد. داده ها با نرم افزار SPSS.21 و آزمون های آماری t و کای دو واکاوی شد.نتایجانگل های بیماریزای انسان در 1/ 4% از نمونه های سبزی شناسایی شد. به طور کلی 3/5% سبزی ها به انواعی از ارگانیسم های انگلی بیماریزا و غیر بیماریزا آلوده بودند. انواعی از انگل ها از سبزی هایی مثل گشنیز، شاهی، جعفری، نعناع، چوچاق و خالی واش جدا شد. آلودگی انگلی سبزی های محلی مانند چوچاق و خالی واش بیش از سبزی های غیر محلی بود (006/0< p). در این بررسی، شش نوع انگل کرمی بیماریزای انسان از قبیل کرم قلابدار، توکسوکارا، تریکوسترونژیلوس، تریکوریس، استرونژیلوئیدس، دیپلوسکاپتر و دو نوع آمیب آزاد زی از جنس آکانتامبا و نگلریا و سه نوع تک یاخته غیربیماریزا از انواع آمیب ( آنتامبا کلی، آندولیماکس نانا، گونه ای از جنس آنتامبا) یافت شد. بیشترین میزان آلودگی انگلی در چوچاق دیده شد. گر چه آلودگی انگلی سبزی ها در فصل های گرم سال شایع تر بود ولی در فصول مختلف تفاوت آماری معنی دار دیده نشد ( 133/0< p). تخم و لارو نماتود های آزادزی در 8/65% نمونه های سبزی وجود داشت.نتیجه گیریانواعی از انگل های کرمی و تک یاخته ای در سبزی های مورد بررسی شناسایی شد. سبزی های محلی بیش از سبزی های کاشته شده در خارج از استان به انگل آلوده بودند. به طور کلی میزان آلودگی انگلی این سبزی ها کمتر از حد انتظار بود. برای پیشگیری از ابتلا به عفونت های انگلی، دقت بیشتر در شستشوی سبزیجات به ویژه انواع محلی پیشنهاد می شود.کلید واژگان: انگل, عفونت انگلی, سبزی, ایران}IntroductionContaminated raw vegetables play an important role in the distribution of the parasitic infections. Parasitic contamination of vegetables may occur during the cultivation or marketing process. Identifying the rate and type of parasites transmitted by vegetables has public health impact on the population.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the rate and type of parasitic contamination of the market vegetables in the city of Rasht, northern Iran.Materials And MethodsThis analytical-descriptive study was conducted on 342 samples from 12 types of fresh vegetables. They were washed with water containing detergent and centrifuged. The sediments were microscopically examined for parasitic contamination by direct method. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS.21 using Chi Square and Fishers Exact Test.ResultsHuman pathogenic parasites were identified in (4.1%) of the specimens. In general, (5.3%) of the vegetables were contaminated with both pathogenic and commensal organisms. Parasitic contaminations were identified on vegetables such as Coriander, Water cress, Parsley, Mint, Choochagh (Eryngium planum), Khaliwash (Ziziphora tenuior). Locally grown vegetables were significantly more contaminated than those grown out of Guilan Province (PConclusionFew protozoan and helminthes were detected in the examined vegetables. Local vegetables were more contaminated than those from out of province. In this study, the rate of vegetable parasitic contamination was lower than expected. However, in order to prevent the parasitic infections, more attention and care during washing the vegetables particularly local ones is recommended.Keywords: Parasite, Parasitic infection, Vegetable, Iran}
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BackgroundParasitic infections can cause different chemical changes in human body. This study was designed to determine the liver aminotransferase changes in Iranian people infected by parasite.Materials And MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, blood samples were collected from 183 parasite-infected patients. After serum isolation in laboratory, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) rates of all samples were measured according to IFCC standard method, and after recording in the information form, the results were analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsThe results of this study showed that patients were infected by 19 different types of parasites. Also, the results showed that the average value of ALT and AST in patients were equal to 32.30 ±23.40 and 38.60±34.80, respectively. The ANOVA test showed remarkable statistical differences between these values and various infections. There was positive and significant correlation between ALT and AST.ConclusionThe abnormality in liver function in patients with eosinophilia can be caused by parasitic infections in endemic areas; therefore, it can be the cause of a differential diagnosis for physicians. Generally, non-significant changes in transaminase levels can also be attributed to the infection low intensity in patients tested.Keywords: Parasitic infection, Liver enzymes, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)}
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IntroductionCalodium hepaticum (syn. Capillaria hepatica) is a nematode with worldwide distribution among rodents (Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus) and also can infect human beings through ingestion of embryonated eggs which causes zoonosis Capillariasis. This study aimed to determine the Capillaria hepatica infection in Rattus spp. in Sanandaj, Kurdistan province of Iran, as well as orally infecting Balb/c mice with embryonated eggs.
Material andMethodArea of study was the city of Sanandaj located in the west of Iran, in which four Rattus norvegicus, six Rattus rattus and 10 Mus musculus were captured using live traps in a period of more than two years. Livers were examined for Capillaria hepatica infection, and sectioning of the livers and staining with Hematoxylin and Eosin were done. Embryonated eggs were used in order to experimentally infect three Balb/c mice orally.ResultsCapillaria hepatica was detected in five out of 20 (25%) livers; rates of infection were 50% (2/4) for Rattus norvegicus, 50% (3/6) for Rattus rattus, and 0% (0/10) for Mus musculus. Cross sections of the livers showed active infections as eggs were deposited beside the worms, and they were also observed inside the female worms. After performing the autopsy on the three mice that had been infected experimentally, there was no sign of infection based on gross and microscopic examinations.
Discussion andConclusionThis study is the first report on Capillaria hepatica infection in Rattus spp. in Sanandaj. The main reservoir hosts of Capillaria hepatica infection in different areas of Sanandaj were Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus; on the other hand, no significant role could be considered for either infection or transmission of Capillaria for Mus musculus in these areas.Keywords: parasitic infection, Calodium hepaticum, Capillaria hepatica, liver, rodent} -
مقدمه و هدفامروزه بیماری های انگلی باعث ایجاد مشکلات بهداشتی- اقتصادی در دنیا شده است و یکی از شایعترین راه های انتقال آنها، مصرف سبزیجات خام آلوده به انگل میباشد. اطلاع از وضعیت انگلی سبزیجات باعث پیشگیری از ابتلا به این نوع بیمار ی ها میشود؛ بنابراین هدف از مطالعه حاضر، بررسی وضعیت و نوع آلودگی سبزیجات خام مصرفی شهرستان سنندج در طول سال 1392 میباشد.روش کاراین مطالعه مقطعی روی نمونه های سبزی عرضه شده در شهر سنندج در سال 1392 صورت گرفت. تعداد مغازه های مورد بررسی 60 عدد و تعداد کل نمونه ها 360 نمونه بود. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزار SPSS 16 استفاده گردید.یافته هابراساس نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه، آلودگی سبزیجات مختلف به نماتودهای آزادزی 12/2 (Free-living nematode) درصد، انتاموبا کلی 1/7 Entamoeba coli درصد، کیست ژیاردیا 0/8 (G) درصد، بلاستوستیس هومینیس 0/8 (Blastocystis hominis )درصد و تخم دیکروسولیوم 0/8 (Dicrocoelium)درصد بود. در مجموع، 3/ 16 درصد از سبزیجات، آلوده به انواع انگل ها بودند که در این میان، 6/ 81 درصد از کل آلودگی سبزیجات مربوط به سبز ی هایی با منشا خارج از استان بودند. شایان ذکر است که در این مطالعه، سبزی ریحان بیشترین و سبز ی های گشنیز و کاهو کمترین میزان آلودگی را داشتند ( 05 / P>0 ). همچنین، در فصل زمستان بیشترین و در فصل بهار کمترین میزان آلودگی مشاهده شد.نتیجه گیریبا توجه به یافته های مذکور، توصیه می گردد که قبل از مصرف، عملیات انگل زدایی به خوبی انجام شود و مسئولین با نظارت دقیق در مراکز عرضه عمومی این مواد غذایی و همچنین با کنترل منبع تهیه سبزیجات در فصل زمستان از وقوع چنین پیشامدهایی جلوگیری کنند.کلید واژگان: آلودگی انگلی, بیماری انگلی, تخم انگل, سبزیجات}Introduction andPurposeParasitic diseases have led to economic and health problems around the world. One of the most common ways for the transmission of these diseases is the consumption of raw vegetables contaminated with parasite. These diseases can be prevented through obtaining knowledge about the parasitic contamination of the vegetables. Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and type of raw vegetables contamination in Sanandaj, Iran, in 2013.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 360 vegetable samples distributed in 60 greengroceries in Sanandaj in 2017. The data were analyzed using the SPSS version 16.ResultsIn total, 16.3% of the vegetable samples were contaminated with various types of parasites, including free-living nematode (12.2%), Entamoeba coli (1.7%), Giardia (0.8%), Blastocystis hominis (0.8%), and Dicrocoelium (0.8%). However, most of the contaminations (81.6%) were found in the vegetables, which were imported from regions other than Kurdistan province. Basil had the highest level of contamination, whereas coriander and lettuce had the lowest contamination level (P=0ConclusionRegarding the findings of the present study, it is recommend to thoroughly perform parasite decontamination before the consumption of vegetables. Furthermore, the officials can prevent the parasitic diseases by careful monitoring of public food distribution centers and controlling the source of vegetables in the winter.Keywords: Parasitic disease, Parasitic infection, Parasite eggs, Vegetables}
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BackgroundScabies is an ectoparasitic infection, which occurs because of direct skin-to skin contact. The ideal treatment modality is still unclear and further research on this topic is warranted. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of the topical scabicides: permethrin, crotamiton and sulfur ointment.MethodsFifty four patients with diagnosed scabies were randomly divided into three treatment groups. The first group received 5% permethrin cream twice with one week interval, the patients from the second group were given crotamiton lotion for two days twice with one week interval, while the third group received 10% sulfur ointment for two or three weeks. All patients were followed up at 1, 2 and 4 weeks intervals.ResultsAt one-week follow up the cure rate was significantly higher at permethrin-treated group when compared to crotamiton group (PConclusionThe topical application of permethrin, crotamiton and sulfur was equally efficacious at 4-week follow up, however permethrin cream showed faster improvement at first and second follow up. Acquiring permethrin is considered as expensive option and crotamiton lotion seems to be cost-less alternative to this cream.Keywords: Acaricides, Skin diseases, Parasitic infection}
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Taeniasaginata can cause severe health and economic problems particularly in endemic areas. The disease cause by this cestode is related to poor sanitary conditions, inadequate hygiene, open defecation, inadequately cooked beef and poverty.
A 35 years man found yellowish white tapeworm proglottids moving in his feces and consulted to the Department of Emergency, ShahidRajaei hospital, Karaj, Iran. He complained of lower abdominal discomfort, anal itching and moving something in the stomach. He was given wrong prescription. The patients had the history of eating undercooked beef.
We report one case of T. saginata infection based on adult tapeworm recovery from the patients. The specific identification of the worm was based on based on standard procedures. Three months after expelling the tapeworm, the man felt better and returned to his normal life.Keywords: Taenia saginata, Beef, parasitic infection} -
Aim: Prevalence and risk factors associated with intestinal parasites among children ? 12 years old in Nahavand county western Iran, was the objective of this search.BackgroundIntestinal parasites (IPs) are important health problems among most societies.MethodsThis cross sectional study was carried out during 6 months from April to September 2014 in Nahavand County western Iran. Fecal samples were collected from 500 children suffering from gastrointestinal disorders (GIDs) and examined by macroscopy and microscopic (using saline and iodine wet mount, formalin-ether sedimentation, Trichrome and modified Ziehl Neelsen staining) methods. Finally, data was analyzed using Chi-square (Chi2) test and Fishers exact test as well as logistic regression.Results21.8% (109/500) of the samples were infected by one or more IPs. The most common parasites were Blastocystis sp. (16.2%), followed by Cryptosporidium spp. (2.6%), Giardia lamblia (1.6%), and Entamoeba coli (1.6%). Prevalence of intestinal parasite infections were significantly associated with age (OR= 2.280; CI 95% = 1.375-3.830; PConclusionBlastocystis sp. was the most prevalent parasites among children in Nahavand County and Helminthes infection have been dramatically decreased. Our finding shown that gender, age, season and contact with domestic animals or soil polluted are main predictive factors for intestinal parasite infections among children in this region. Moreover, IPs infection among children with gastrointestinal disorders were significantly associated with diarrhea and vomiting or nausea signs.Keywords: Parasitic infection, Distribution, risk factors, Children, Western Iran}
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Dog can represent as an important source of zoonotic disease and important health problem for human. They can carry dangerous parasitic diseases such as hydatidosis, toxocariasis and Coenurus cerebralis to humans and animals. This study was performed in order to determine the prevalence and intensity of zoonotic parasites among stray dogs from Bojnurd, the capital city of North Khorasan province in North West of Iran. During a program performing by Bojnurd municipal on the slow killing of stray dogs, 32 dogs from Jun 2013 till March 2015 were selected. At necropsy their alimentary canals were removed and to identify the species of helminthes, the nematodes were cleared in lactophenol and cestodes were stained using carmine acid. Intestinal protozoan parasites were detected with parasitological methods. 28 (87.5%) of 32 stray dogs infected at least with one helminth. Seven species of cestodes were isolated from examined dogs and three species of nematode were detected. Giardia sp. and Cryptosporidium sp. detected from fecal samples. This is the first study of the prevalence of intestinal zoonotic parasites in dogs in this area. It seems control of bearing stray dogs can help human health and reduction economic losses caused by stray dogs zoonotic parasites.Keywords: parasitic infection, zoonotic, dog, Bojnurd}
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Context: Schistosomiasis is a waterborne parasitic disease and the second most prevalent tropical disease after malaria infection. World health organization (WHO) considers it as a neglected tropical disease. Here, we aimed to research the epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Iran from the past to the elimination time..
Evidence Acquisition: For this study, we searched medical databases (PubMed, ISI, Scopus, Iran Medex, and Magiran) from January 1949 to the end of 2012. Keywords were epidemiology, schistosomiasis, Iran, and parasitic infection..ResultsOn the basis of our results, using a national program for schistosomiasis control based on active and passive case finding, snail control programs, education of people, conducting training courses for health workers, and improvement of water supply for people living in endemic areas, the infection is now eliminated from Iran..ConclusionsSchistosomiasis is one of the major tropical and communicable diseases in the eastern Mediterranean region (EMR). However, today it is eliminated in Iran by schistosomiasis control practices..Keywords: Epidemiology, Iran, Parasitic Infection, Schistosomiasis}
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