جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "pbmcs" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

The recent SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic has spread worldwide, with the first cases recorded in December 2019 in China. Symptoms include fever, cough, dyspnea, and gastrointestinal issues. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 are classified as mild, severe, or critical, highlighting the necessity for earlier treatment methods and reliable biomarkers. MicroRNAs have consistently been considered essential biological biomarkers.

In this case-control study, we investigated the levels of miR-26a and miR-125b in PBMCs of SARS-CoV-2 patients in northwestern Iran.

Blood samples were collected from 100 COVID-19-infected patients, divided into two groups: 50 patients with no serious lung damage and 50 patients with COVID-19 infection and a lung abscess. RNA extraction techniques were used to examine PBMC specimens from COVID-19 patients. mRNA was extracted from WBCs, and the expression levels of miR-26a and miR-125b were evaluated using qRT-PCR in the two study groups.

The expression levels of miR-26a and miR-125b in PBMCs of patients with a poor prognosis were significantly lower compared to those with a good prognosis, as shown by qRT-PCR. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated significant diagnostic potential for both miRNAs (miR-26a [area under the ROC curve (AUC)] = 0.8458, P < 0.0001; miR-125b AUC = 0.7944, P < 0.0001).

The relative expression of miR-26a and miR-125b in SARS-CoV-2 infection was significantly different between the two study groups. These findings suggest their potential as disease severity indicators and prognostic markers.

Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been widely used as disease models to test new therapeutic strategies. Moreover, the regenerative potential of stem cells can be improved with the use of biologically active compounds. Our study was designed to explore the effect of honokiol, a small polyphenol molecule extracted from Magnolia officinalis, on the survival and culture time of iPSCderived neurons from a sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patient. This study aimed to generate iPSCs from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of an AD patient using episomal plasmids with a nucleofector system and differentiate them into neurons. These iPSCderived neurons were used to investigate the effect of honokiol extracted from M. officinalis on their survival and long-term cultures.

IPSCs were generated from PBMCs of an AD patient by introducing Oct-3/4, Sox2, Klf4, L-Myc, and Lin28 using Nucleofector™ Technology. Differentiation of neurons derived from iPSCs was carried out using inducers and recognized by biomarkers. The viability of iPSC-derived neurons with the addition of honokiol extracted from the bark of M. officinalis was determined by the MTT analytical kit.

IPSCs were generated by reprogramming AD patient-derived PBMCs and subsequently converted into neurons. The survival and growth of iPSC-derived neurons were significantly enhanced by adding honokiol in the experiment conditions.

AD iPSC-derived neurons had a high viability rate when cultured in the presence of honokiol. These results have shown that AD iPSC-derived neurons can be an excellent model for screening neurotrophic agents and improving the conditions for long-term cultures of human iPSC-derived neurons. Honokiol proves to be a potential candidate for cellular therapeutics against neurodegenerative disorders.

 Evaluation of viral pathogenicity is an important part of research in every viral disease, and one of the most important parts of pathogenicity is cell and tissue tropism of viruses, which can help us to have a clear picture of the viral replication cycle and viral disease.

 This study aims to evaluate the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

 Twenty-six whole blood samples (5 mL) were collected from 70 hospitalized patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Plasma and PBMCs were collected and subjected to total RNA extraction using the alcohol-chloroform precipitation method by the RNX solution. After complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis, all samples were subjected to real-time and nested polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) to detect the viral genome.

 The nested PCR method showed a higher rate of positivity in plasma samples (42.3%) compared to real-time PCR (30.7%), suggesting nested PCR exhibited better sensitivity. This rate in PBMC samples was 57.7% by nested PCR and 7.7% by real-time PCR. Minus-strand viral genome was detected in PBMCs, demonstrating that these cells can support virus replication and act as a virus transporter through blood.

 PBMCs can be infected with SARS-CoV-2. Plasma and serum samples are also not useful samples for virus detection because all of the positive plasma samples in this study showed low viral load with a low cycle threshold (Ct) value.

Clays and clay minerals have great potential for exerting positive impacts on human health and implementation in medical applications. They are industrial minerals used in various medical applications, like drug delivery. Considering the abundance of clay resources in Iran, we decided to investigate the role of natural clays in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), as effective immune system cells that provide the health of the body in disease and standard times. Investigating the cytotoxicity of these minerals on PBMCs helps to understand their performance in medicine and the treatment of patients.

The studied clays, including bentonite, zeolite, and sepiolite, were prepared from Iran mines, and their characterizations were scanned by x-ray fluorescence (XRF), x-ray diffraction, and cation-exchange capacity (CEC) determination. PBMCs were isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation, and 200000 PBMC cells were exposed to different concentrations of clays (1-1000 µg/mL) for 48 h in 96-well cell culture plates. Cell cytotoxicity response was determined using 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Bentonite inhibited cell proliferation after 48 h of incubation at a concentration above 0.05 mg/mL, whereas zeolite inhibited cell proliferation at 10 and 5 mg/mL. Sepiolite does not have any cytotoxic effect at all of the concentrations. CEC for bentonite, zeolite, and sepiolite were 86 cmol(+)/kg, 15.5 cmol(+)/kg, and 3.54 cmol(+)/kg, respectively, and showed a direct relationship with cell growth. 

The cytotoxicity of the investigated clays is less than those reported in the literature review. This suggests that the studied clays with beneficial properties have great potential to be used in medicine, taking into account the size, type, and concentration of clays. In vivo and long-term studies on bio-culture and biodistribution are essential to understand better the role of the studied clays. Furthermore, our results could provide a new perspective on the safety of using cheap and naturally available clays in medical and industrial applications.

 The imbalanced expression of chemokines plays critical role in the development of Helicobacter pylori-mediated complications.

 Our aim was to determine ginger extract (GE) effects on the expression of chemokines CCL17, CCL20, CCL22, and CXCL10, as well as CCR4, CCR6, and CXCR3 receptors by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from H. pylori -infected patients with peptic ulcer (PU).

 Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from 20 patients with H. pylori-associated PU, 20 H. pylori-infected asymptomatic subjects (HAS), and 20 non-infected healthy subjects (NHS). The PBMCs were stimulated by 10 µg/mL of H. pylori-derived crude extract (HPCE) in the presence of 0, 10, 20, and 30 µg/mL of GE. After 36 hours, the supernatant and the RNA extracted from the cells were tested for chemokine concentration and chemokine receptor expression using ELISA and real-time PCR techniques, respectively.

 In PU patients, treating HPCE-stimulated PBMCs with 10, 20, or 30 µg/mL GE reduced the production of CXCL10 (1.47, 1.5, and 1.53 folds, respectively, P < 0.001 for all), CCL20 (1.44, 1.62, and 1.65 folds, respectively, P < 0.003), and treatment with 30 µg/mL GE increased CCL17 (1.28-fold, P < 0.001) and CCL22 (1.59-fold, P < 0.001) production compared with untreated HPCE-stimulated PBMCs. In PU patients, the HPCE-stimulated PBMCs treated with 10, 20, or 30 µg/mL GE expressed lower levels of CXCR3 (1.9, 3, and 3.5 folds, respectively, P < 0.001) and CCR6 (2.3, 2.7, and 2.8 folds, respectively, P < 0.002) while treating with 10 µg/mL GE upregulated CCR4 (1.7 fold, P = 0.003) compared with untreated HPCE-stimulated PBMCs.

 Ginger extract modulated the expression of chemokines and their receptors in the PBMCs derived from H. pylori-infected PU patients. The therapeutic potentials of ginger for treating HP-related complications need to be further explored.

The critical role of IFN signature genes has increasingly been surveyed to determine the etiology and pathogenesis of systemicsclerosis (SSc). Interferon-regulatory factors (IRFs) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are mainlyconsidered as transcriptional modulators of IFN-signature genes and type I interferon and play a major role in the regulation ofnumerous aspects of an immune response. The current study aimed to assess the transcriptional levels of IRF7 (interferonregulatory factor 7) and STAT1 (signal transducers and activators of transcription 1) mRNAs in PBMCs of scleroderma patientsand compare them with those of healthy subjects.In this study, PBMCs were obtained from 50 scleroderma patients and 30 healthy individuals. Subsequently, total RNA wasextracted from isolated PBMCs and cDNA synthesis was carried out. IRF7 and STAT1 mRNA expressions were assessed byapplying quantitative real-time PCR, SYBR Green method, and specific primers for IRF7 and STAT1.Relative expression of IRF7 was significantly increased in the patient group compared with the control group. Moreover, relativeexpression of IRF7 in limited SSc (lSSc) and diffuse SSc (dSSc) was significantly increased compared with healthy subjects (p< 0.05). The relative expression of STAT1 transcripts in PBMCs was not statistically significantly different between the patientgroup and the control group. The correlation between IRF7 expression and the Rodnan score (RS) of the disease was significant.Considering the overexpression of IRF7 in SSc patients and significant correlation between the IRF7 and the Rodnan score ofthe disease, it is suggested that impaired expression of IRF7 is involved in the pathogenesis of SSc.

The expression of microRNAs as epigenetic regulators of lipid metabolism pathways disrupt in obese condition, in this regard miR-33b has particular importance. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of eight-week high- intensity interval training (HIIT) alone and combined with resistance training (CHRT) on miR-33b expression in overweight/ obese middle-aged women.

Twenty-four middle-aged overweight/obese women participated in two homogeneous HIIT (5 days/week, n=12) and CHRT (3 day/week HIIT with 2 day/week resistance training, n=12) groups for eight-week. The HIIT protocol consisted of alternating bouts of high-intensity exercise at 80%–85% of VO2max with active breaks at 60% of VO2max and resistance training protocol conducted to circuit-weight training with 75-80% of 1- RM. MiR-33b expression levels were measured by real time- PCR 48h before and after the training protocols.

The miR-33b expression levels were increased in both groups but was significant only in the CHRT group (6.02 fold, p=0.002). However, there was no significant difference between miR-33b expression levels in two groups.

According to significant effect of CHRT on miR-33b expression as epigenetic lipid metabolism indicator, CHRT protocol can be considered as a non-pharmacological method for treatment of metabolic disorders associated with obesity.