جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "periodontal diseases" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Context: 

Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition resulting from bacterial infection, has systemic implications, with one of the most concerning associations being infective endocarditis (IE). The entry of oral pathogens into the bloodstream can lead to heart infections, especially in individuals with.

Evidence Acquisition: 

A thorough review of studies that examine the relationship between periodontal disease and infective endocarditis was conducted. This includes research on microbiological mechanisms, bacteremia, and the epidemiological association of oral infections with heart disease.

The findings confirm that periodontal disease increases the risk of bacteremia, which can contribute to infective endocarditis. Studies showed that endocarditis cases may be linked to oral pathogens, particularly in patients with heart risk factors such as prosthetic heart valves or a history of endocarditis.

The link between periodontal disease and infective endocarditis underlines the importance of maintaining oral health, especially for individuals at increased cardiovascular risk. Effective prevention, including oral hygiene and prophylactic antibiotics, is essential to reduce the incidence of heart-related infections.

 Photobiomodulation (PBM) is considered a promising adjunctive approach in regenerative medicine. This study aimed to investigate the proliferation and adhesion of human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cells to a collagen membrane following PBM.

 Cultured HGF cells on a collagen membrane received PBM at wavelengths of 808 nm, 915 nm (2 and 4 J/cm2), and 660 nm (2.1 and 4.2 J/cm2) in interventional groups, while non-irradiated cells served as the control. On days 1 and 3 post-irradiation, cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay and adhesion to the membrane was assessed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM).

 Cell proliferation significantly increased in interventional groups compared to the control, with the most significant increase at 915 nm (4 J/cm2) in both time points. On the first day, the 808 nm and 660 nm lasers demonstrated similar results, significantly lower than the 915 nm laser (2 J/cm²). On day 3, the 660 nm, 808 nm, and 915 nm (2 J/cm²) groups showed comparable results. Qualitative analysis by the SEM identified spindle-shaped cells with multiple extended projections in 915 nm groups, especially at an energy density of 4 J/cm2. Groups of 660 nm and 808 nm (4 J/cm2) showed spindle-shaped cell morphology. No distinct cellular morphology indicative of enhanced adhesion was observed at 808 nm (2 J/cm2).

 The most effective PBM setup for promoting HGF proliferation and adhesion to a collagen membrane was identified at 915 nm (4 J/cm2)

Periodontal diseases are prevalent chronic multifactorial conditions that significantly affect individuals' quality of life across various dimensions. Additionally, the association and impact of periodontal disease on systemic health have been a focus of medical attention for many years. This influence is particularly recognized as a risk factor in several conditions, notably coronary artery disease. Consequently, enhancing awareness and improving the attitudes of healthcare professionals toward this association is of great importance. Numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the level of awareness and attitudes regarding this impact. This study has investigated the knowledge and attitude of medical intern students of Kashan University of Medical Sciences.

In this descriptive study, a knowledge of the effect of periodontal disease on systemic diseases and their attitude towards periodontal in medical interns of Kashan University of Medical Sciences, a total of 160 people who were selected by census method, were investigated using a questionnaire based on the study by Thomas and Pralhad in 2011. The obtained data was analyzed by SPSS software with independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.

A total of 160 medical interns were surveyed. There was a significant positive correlation between the age of students and their attitude toward periodontal health (p=0.024). Additionally, the student's knowledge and attitudes toward periodontal health were not significantly associated with the level of information about periodontal disease or the predominant source of oral health information (p>0.05).Moreover, knowledge of the impact of systemic diseases or conditions on periodontal disease was significantly correlated with awareness of the impact of systemic diseases on periodontal health (p<0.001). Furthermore, attitudes toward periodontal health showed a significant positive correlation with knowledge of the systemic impact on periodontal disease (p<0.01).

The results of the study indicated that the participant's knowledge regarding the impact of periodontal disease on systemic health is moderate. While the majority of participants assess their knowledge about periodontal issues as insufficient, they believe that clinical and theoretical education related to this topic should be included in the curriculum of their studies. Furthermore, they express a positive attitude toward acquiring more information and education on this matter.

People postpone periodontal treatment due to a fear of pain, misconceptions or a traumatic event in the past. The study aimed to determine the perception and misconceptions among patients about the dental scaling treatment.

This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2022 to October 2022 on 310 participants who reported to the periodontology department of private and public dental institutes, using a questionnaire developed and validated by the authors. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS. The Chi-Square test was used to compare categorical variables. p-value less than or equal to 0.05 was taken as significant.

More than half of the participants had the wrong idea about the purpose and frequency of dental scaling. A total of (n=75, 24.2%) of respondents believed it was a harmful procedure, and almost half (n=147, 47.4%) got this knowledge from their relatives or observation (n=95, 30.6%). Many who have been to the dentist previously think of scaling as harmful. The participants who believed that bleeding during brushing is normal were (n=87, 28.1%), while (n=119, 38.4%) thought that medicated toothpaste alone is enough for solving gingival problems.

Most of the participants were unaware of the purpose, benefits and frequency of dental scaling and considered it to be a harmful procedure. Those who had been to the dentist had more misconceptions. The primary source of misinformation was through personal experience and from relatives or friends. Lack of communication and patient education about the transient outcomes of dental scaling were the primary factors that led to these myths and misconceptions.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of total antioxidant capacity on periodontal diseases among ionizing radiation workers. The relationship between oxidative stress and periodontal health in this specific occupational group was assessed to gain insights into potential antioxidant supplementation needs and strategies to promote periodontal well-being.

This case-control study was conducted among ionizing radiation workers (CT scan section) and control group participants. Salivary samples were collected from both groups, and total antioxidant capacity was measured using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Clinical periodontal parameters were also assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using T-tests to compare the results between the groups.

The study group showed a significantly lower total antioxidant capacity (2.534) compared to the control group (3.806) (p = 0.022). Significant differences were observed in plaque index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss between the groups. These findings suggest a potential association between radiation exposure, decreased antioxidant capacity, and periodontal tissue damage.

Radiographic workers exposed to ionizing radiation had lower antioxidant capacity and higher rates of periodontal diseases. Maintaining adequate antioxidants is crucial for protecting periodontal tissues. Further research should investigate mechanisms and exposure variations.

Human beings share identical blood systems, even though they differ in several particular types. The distribution sequence of RH and ABO systems is complicated around the world. Various research in recent years has demonstrated that non-O blood groups, also known as ABO blood groups, are associated with an increased risk of developing oral diseases such as Candida infection, periodontal diseases, and oral cancer. The major aim of this extensive literature review was to determine the relationship between oral diseases and ABO blood grouping. We searched PubMed and google scholar using different terms and combinations to find papers related to oral diseases and ABO blood types. There was no language restriction, and all studies that investigated the relationship between ABO blood types and any oral diseases were included. The findings of this study suggested that ABO blood subtypes could be considered risk factors in the evolution of several diseases in the oral cavity that affect teeth, periodontium, and oral mucosa.

This study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of common gum protection and antiplaque toothpastes against Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Streptococcus oralis (S. oralis) as important periodontal pathogens.

This experimental study investigated the antimicrobial activity of 15 commonly used toothpastes from different companies on the two common types of periopathogens, S. oralis and P. gingivalis. The antimicrobial activity of toothpaste was evaluated at three concentrations of 100%, 50%, and 25% and analyzed by agar well diffusion plate method and zone of inhibition. The obtained data were compared and statistically analyzed by SPSS software using one‑way ANOVA and the least significant difference post hoc tests (α = 0.05).

One‑way ANOVA showed that the mean diameter of the two‑bacterial zone of inhibition was significantly different at 100%, 50%, and 25% concentrations of toothpastes (P < 0.001). In general, the mean diameter of the zone of inhibition was greater at 100% concentration than the other two concentrations in all toothpastes. The highest zone of inhibition of the S. oralis was in the toothpastes containing tin. Further, the highest zone of inhibition of P. gingivalis was found in the triclosan‑containing toothpastes.

Toothpastes containing triclosan had the most antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis. Moreover, toothpastes containing tin compounds had the most antimicrobial effect against S. oralis.  

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare disease characterized by pancytopenia, susceptibility to infection, and difficulty maintaining hemostasis. Drugs are considered to be one of the most important risk factors associated with AA. Various studies have identified the pharmaceutical agents that may contribute to the development of AA. It is common for patients with severe periodontal disease and AA to experience spontaneous bleeding during brushing in terms of thrombocytopenia, which may further exacerbate dental problems. AA patients require comprehensive periodontal treatment that necessitates collaboration with a hematologist.

Periodontal diseases are resulted from gum infections and dental plaques, which are mainly caused by the bacterial agents. Since dental monitoring includes important prognostic roles, the aim of this study was to detect the most common periodontal pathogenic bacteria in children.

A total of 200 clinical samples were collected from dental plaques and gingival grooves. Tar- get-specific primers were designed for hbpA in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, fimA in Porphyromonas gingivalis and 16S rRNA in Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola. Then, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction method was optimized for the highlighted bacterial agents.

In general, the highest and the lowest bacterial prevalence rates belonged to Tannerella forsythia (88%) and Por- phyromonas gingivalis (13%), respectively. Furthermore, prevalence rates of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia and Treponema denticola were 25, 21 and 45% in samples, respectively.

There were significant associations between dental/oral health and microbial community. Metabolism of the oral bacteria, including biofilm formation, can affect gums and develop dental plaques and hence dental caries, especially in children. Early diagnosis of dental caries in children via rapid, accurate molecular methods can increase the diagnostic capacity in clinical cases and therefore prevent periodontal infections in adulthood.

Periodontal diseases cause adverse obstetric outcomes in pregnancy. However, pregnant women generally avoid going to the dentist. This study was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of Periodontal Diseases Assessment Index (PEDIAP) in Pregnancy for Midwives in Turkish society.

This is a validation study consisted of 111 pregnant women referred to antenatal clinic of a training hospital in western Turkey in 2017. Construct validity of the index was calculated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA, CFA), reliability by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, inter-applicant agreement with Kendal W coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and factor structure with principal components analysis and Varimax rotation using SPSS for Windows 20.0 software.

Results showed that the index explained 33.94% of the total variance, and the factor loading values were between 0.47 and 0.68. Based on the CFA, fit indices were found to be χ2/sd = 1.6384, RMSEA = 0.0762, and CFI = 0.9795. The regression coefficients and t values were significant (t > 1.96). The index was found to have a positive correlation with (CPITN) scores (p < .001). The Cronbach alpha coefficient was calculated to be 0.774. It was found that the Kendal W coefficient ranged from 0.550-1 for each item, the ICC coefficient was 0.869, and correlation was significant (p < 0.001). The cut-off value of the index was specified as 3.5

The results of this study show that the PEDIAP is a valid and reliable index for use in research and midwifery care.

Diode lasers can be used in the treatment of periodontal diseases as they have an anti‑bactericidal effect, and regulate oral tissue inflammatory responses. This study aimed to evaluate the adjunctive effects of Diode 940 nm laser on mechanical periodontal debridement.

In this split‑mouth single‑blind randomized clinical trial, 12 patients were selected. Forty‑four oral segments were enrolled in the scaling and root planing (SRP) group and SRP + Laser group with a 1:1 allocation ratio following a simple randomization procedure (coin flip). Clinical parameters (pocket depth, clinical attachment loss [CAL], and bleeding on probing [BOP]) were measured at baseline. After the SRP, a 940 nm Diode laser (1 Watt power and continuous wave mode) was used in the SRP + Laser group as an adjunctive treatment. The clinical parameters were remeasured 2 months posttreatment. Statistical analysis was carried out using an unpaired t‑test with a 5% significant level by SPSS.

Although all clinical parameters had more improvements in the SRP + Laser group, the differences were not significant between the two study groups (P > 0.05). Only in individual tooth evaluations, CAL changes in first and second premolars and BOP changes in second premolars show statistically significant improvement in the SRP + L group compared to the SRP group (P < 0.05).

Using diode 940 nm laser as an adjunctive treatment for SRP may be helpful and be suggested for periodontal treatment.

This study reviewed the literature regarding the correlation of periodontal disease and outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF).

"IVF", "In Vitro Fertilization", and "Periodontitis" were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases to find English articles published up to August 2022. A free online resource developed by the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health was used to search the grey literature. Duplicate screening and extraction of citations were also carried out. No search filter was applied during searching. Two independent reviewers evaluated the title and abstract of the retrieved articles. Next, the articles retrieved in the initial search were reviewed independently for relevant information to the research question.

The relationship between periodontitis and IVF has been studied in a limited number of studies. According to most articles, periodontal disease may affect IVF implantation and vice versa in women who want to conceive through this procedure. Low sperm motility and reduction in sperm count were also seen in males with periodontitis. Only one study found no correlation between the presence of periodontal disease and unwanted IVF results.  

According to the results, periodontitis can impair the reproductive function since it causes systemic bacteremia. Oral health should be addressed by the primary care providers before the onset of any fertility treatment. There is; however, a need for further investigations into the possible implications of periodontal disease in women seeking fertility care.

The present study systematically reviews the studies on the application and effect of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in the regeneration of periodontal defect in animal and human models.

The databases of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ProQuest, as well as the Web of Science were searched for relevant published articles in English without time limit until August 2022. The eligibility criteria were the studies focusing on the use and effect of PDLSCs on periodontal regeneration. Exclusion criteria included the articles which did not report the extent of periodontal regeneration, and those failing to provide flow cytometry and differentiation tests to prove the stemness of PDLSCs.

In this review, 27 animal and 4 human studies meet the eligibility criteria. Human samples had periodontal disease, and various surgical periodontal defects had been created in the animals (mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, and sheep). Meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity in study designs. Based on the literature review, there was inconsistency in the limited number of conducted human research. However, cementum, PDL, and bone regeneration increased in animal models in the PDLSCs group compared to the control ones. No complication in PDLSCs groups was reported.

The application of PDLSCs as one of tissue engineering components can impose beneficial effects on periodontal tissue regeneration in animal models. However, more human studies with higher quality are required to assess clinical efficacy of this method.

The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of periodontal bony lesions in radiographs in the Iranian population.

In this analytical cross-sectional study, 440 radiographic images of patients aged 15-60 years were selected based on the study’s inclusion criteria. Two researchers evaluated all radiographs and recorded patient age, gender, and bone-related lesions (horizontal , vertical and furca involvement) in a checklist. Chi-square test was used for data analysis. (α=0.05).

273 images (62.05%) had no lesions and 167 images (37.95%) had lesions. In the 167 examined images, a total of 845 bone lesions were observed . The highest frequency was in horizontal lesions in the anterior mandible and central incisor teeth and the lowest type of lesion was related to vertical lesions in the posterior mandible and in the third molar (P<0.001). The most types of bone lesions; Based on the type of tooth, was related to horizontal lesions in the lateral incisor and the lowest type of lesion was related to vertical lesions in the first premolar tooth (P<0.001). Based on restoration, the most related to horizontal lesions in amalgam and the least related to vertical lesions and furca in veneer (P<0.001). Based on the contact status, the most was related to horizontal lesions in open contact and the least was related to vertical lesions (P<0.001).

Based on this study, there is a significant association between the type of periodontal bony lesion and involved teeth, restoration type, contact status, presence of calculus on radiographs.

This study investigated the number of bacterial colonies in four types of suture threads, including silk, nylon, monocryl, and monocryl plus after periodontal surgery in patients with moderate‑to‑severe periodontitis.

In this single‑blind randomized clinical trial, a total of 12 patients with periodontitis who required periodontal flap surgery in all quadrants were included. One type of suture, either silk, nylon, monocryl, or monocryl plus (coated with triclosan), was used following each surgery in each quadrant. Sutures (3 mm) were removed from the mid, posterior, and anterior regions of the flap 7 days postoperatively, and placed in a tube‑containing buffer medium to transfer to the culture medium in a laboratory. Then, the bacterial colonies on each culture medium were counted manually. Finally, the mean number of grown colonies(anaerobic and aerobic) was computed and compared in each group of sutures. Data were analyzed by SPSS (Version 20) using the repeated measures ANOVA and least significant difference follow‑up tests (α = 0.05).

The findings of this study indicated a significantly higher mean number of aerobic, anaerobic, and aerobic‑anaerobic colonies in silk suture than in the other three types of sutures (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed among other types of sutures (P > 0.05).

The results of this study showed that silk suture had a higher bacterial adhesion (aerobic, anaerobic, and aerobic‑anaerobic) than monofilament sutures, including nylon, monocryl, and monocryl plus. Moreover, no significant difference was found among the monofilament sutures in the number of colonies grown on them.

 Periodontal problems are very common among patients undergoing fixed orthodontics treatment. Using mouthwashes such as Listerine and Persica is recommended in order to prevent such complications. There have, however, been no information on the comparative effects of Listerine and Persica mouthwashes so far. Thus the comparative study presented here under the title of “Evaluating the comparative effects of Listerine Zero and Persica Mouthwashes on the Periodontal Conditions of fixed orthodontics Patients was conducted at the Department of Dentistry of Azad University of Tehran.

 A blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 30 patients. All subjects were between 20 and 50 years of age; had been under fixed orthodontic treatment for at least two months; did not have serious systemic health complications; had a minimum of 5 teeth in each quadrant for evaluation. Root planning and scaling were conducted on male and female subjects prior to their entry into the study. The SI, GI, PI, and BOP indices of each subject were then recorded in the base-line stage. The subjects were then divided into two random groups. The first group was treated with Persica (Pursina Co., Iran) and the second group with Listerine Zero (Johnson & Johnson, New Jersey, USA). The two groups were followed up twice after two and four weeks of treatment and their SI, GI, PI, and BOP indices were recorded.

 The SI, GI, PI, and BOP indices were found to have changed by similar amounts in both groups (P<0.12). The changes in GI, PI, and BOP were, however, statistically significant within each group (P<0.02). The changes in SI index within the Persica group were found to increase only within the first two weeks of treatment (P<0.05).

 Following the comparative study described above, both mouthwashes appear to positively affect the periodontal condition of fixed orthodontics patients. Both mouthwashes were, however, found to have similar effects.

There are frequent epidemiological and experimental proofs to propose that Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax infections are ignored factors for the development of dental and periodontal diseases. For a more comprehensive review, the present study was designed and conducted, including a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for retrieving related reports up to December 01, 2019. Finally, 48 studies (a total of 70 datasets), including 30 datasets with case-control designs (1711 patients and 614 controls) and 40 datasets with cross-sectional designs (a total of 7257 participants) met the eligibility criteria. Based on the random-effects model, the pooled prevalence of protozoan infections in dental and periodontal patients was estimated to be 25.2% (95% CI, 21.2-29.8%; 2210/8968). In case-control designed studies, the prevalence of protozoan infections in dental and periodontal patients (35.8%, 614/1711) was found to be significantly higher than in controls (14.4%, 198/1371; OR: 4.15, 95% CI: 2.92-5.92). In addition, E. gingivalis (OR: 3.81, 95% CI: 2.36-6.14) and T. tenax (OR: 5.08, 95% CI: 2.81-9.20) were significantly higher in dental and periodontal patients compared to the controls. Our results demonstrated an apparently significant association between these protozoan infections in dental and periodontal patients. In conclusion, more standardized experimental designs are proposed using the animal model, and longitudinal (cohort) studies support the association between these protozoan infections in dental and periodontal patients to understand whether E. gingivalis and T. tenax infections are a co-factor in the development of dental and periodontal patients.