جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « peripheral nervous system » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Covid-19 was reported in China for the first time. The most common manifestation of this novel infection is respiratory problems. However, it can also invade both central and peripheral nervous systems. The usual central nervous system complications were dizziness (16.8%) and headache (13.1%). The most common reported symptoms in patients with peripheral nervous system problems were taste impairment (5.6%) and smelling impairment (5.1%) due to olfactory nerve involvement.

We present a 46-year-old male who was referred to our clinic in Shiraz for electrodiagnosis and better evaluation due to paresthesia and numbness of the right 4th and 5th fingers accompanied by weakness and atrophy of the muscles in the ulnar nerve territory, which occurred during Covid-19 infection in this patient.

Severe partial involvement of the right ulnar nerve at the elbow region was detected in the electrodiagnosis, and findings in the right elbow MRI favored ulnar neuritis.

Focal neuritis of the ulnar nerve (ulnar mononeuropathy) seemed to be a new presentation of peripheral nervous system involvement in COVID-19 disease.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common cause of disability after trauma in young adults in Northern Hemisphere; it imposes a major burden on the affected young people. A significant association between MS and demyelinating peripheral neuropathy which might be due to common pathogenesis for the central and peripheral nerves demyelination has been reported in several studies. We aimed to assess if there is any peripheral nervous system involvement in a sample of Iranian MS population. Extensive nerve conduction studies (NCS) were conducted in 20 MS patients according to McDonald criteria, and 20 age and gender matched healthy appearing controls. The F-wave ratio was calculated through placing the minimum amount of F-wave proximal latency after 10 stimuli and median or tibial nerves compound motor action potential (CMAP) proximal latency in the corresponding formula. Data were compared between groups. Finally, we found the significantly lower median and tibial nerves conduction velocities (NCV) in MS patients than healthy controls (P=0.008 and 0.003 respectively, Independent Samples t-test). Also, tibial NCV had a significant statistical correlation with Kurtzke’s expanded disability scale score (EDSS) as patients with higher EDSS had lower tibial NCV (Pearson's correlation coefficient, r2=0.8). No statistical relationship was found between MS subtypes and NCS parameters. Although we found some electrodiagnostic abnormalities in Iranian MS patients in comparison to the healthy participants, these differences were small and inconclusive. More extensive well-designed electrodiagnostic studies for evaluation of peripheral nervous system involvement and its probable pattern in these patients seems to be needed.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is known to affect essentially the central nervous system; however, peripheral nerve involvement, as an additional cause of disability, has been recently noticed.
This study was aimed to perform detailed electrodiagnostic assessments in MS patients to evaluate peripheral nervous system involvement.
A total of eighty MS patients were evaluated for probable peripheral nerves involvement in a cross sectional study from August 2012 to August 2013.Patients with evidence of radiculopathy, diabetes, uremia, and anemia or cobalamin deficiency had been excluded. Clinical disability was ascertained by applying Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score. All electrodiagnostic assessment was performed by a single expert operator. Demographic parameters and paraclinical findings including MRI plaques were recorded. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 19applying the paired t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.
The sural nerves showed the most consistent finding of abnormal conduction velocity (30%). The most frequent amplitude disturbance was observed in the peroneal nerves (10%). We did not find a significant association between abnormal findings and EDSS or MRI plaques (p Peripheral nerve involvement was seen in MS patients, without significant relationship with physical disability and MRI plaques. On the other hand, disease duration, age and male gender were associated with peripheral nerve abnormalities.

Autoimmune diseases usually affect central or peripheral nervous system and can affect both only in rare cases. A 55-year-old female was referred with symptoms of multiple mononeuritis associated with central signs and she had a dramatic improvement with steroid therapy. An attempt to stop steroid therapy after four years resulted in an almost immediate reappearance of symptoms. Despite some episodes of paresthesias or weakness in the lower limbs, steroid therapy at full dosage prolonged until the age of 76 years allowing an almost normal life. At the age of 86 years, the patient has been relatively well. Overlap syndrome of some autoimmune diseases is discussed; need for a very prolonged therapy, non-response to intravenous immunoglobulin and relatively good prognosis are stressed.