جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « pigmented lesions » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Pigmented lesions appear with different manifestations in focal, multifocal and diffuse forms and can also be a symptom of a systemic disease. These lesions have a significant prevalence in the head and neck area. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pigmented lesions in the head and neck region in patients referred to Razi Hospital in Tehran.

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 3000 archived files in Razi Hospital in Tehran in 2018 and 2019. All pigmented lesions in patients under 18 years of age were isolated and analyzed in terms of age, gender, location and histopathological diagnosis. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and Chi-square and T-test statistical tests. The significance level of statistical tests was considered less than 0.05.

A total of 138 patients under 18 years of age were found with pigmented lesions 56 patients were male (40.6%) and 82 patients were female (59.4%). The average age of the patients was reported to be 11.1 ± 4.6 years. Meanwhile, compound nevus and intradermal nevus lesions were the most prevalent. The most involved sites were cheek (29.7%), nose (16.7%) and head (15.9%). A total of 6 cases of malignant pigmented lesions were found (4.3%).

Nevi types are the most common pigmented lesions in this age group and more frequent in check area.

Oral malignant melanoma is a rare malignancy with a higher tendency to metastasize and locally invade tissues compared to the other malignant tumors of the oral cavity. Malignant melanoma of the oral cavity accounts for 0.2-8% of all the reported melanomas. The malignancy is approximately four times more frequent in the oral mucosa of the maxilla and normally occurs on the palate or alveolar gingiva. Malignant melanomas are often asymptomatic in the early stages and present as a pigmented patch or mass, delaying the diagnosis until the manifestation of symptoms such as swelling, ulceration, bleeding or the loosening of the teeth. The prognosis of the tumors is extremely poor, especially in the advanced stages.
Case Report: A 35-year-old female patient presented with chief complaint of a lesion on the posterior region of the right mandible for four months. Intraoral examination revealed a gray-black sessile exophytic buccolingual mass. Incisional biopsy of the lesion confirmed the histopathological diagnosis of an oral malignant melanoma.
Obtaining an accurate medical history and performing a thorough examination of the oral cavity are considered essential to the diagnosis of pigmented lesions. Meticulous assessment of the pigmented lesions in the oral cavity result in the early diagnosis, prompt treatment, and better prognosis of the possible malignancies.