جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « prostate gland » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica L.) have been used for many therapeutic purposes and medicinal applications. The extract of this plant has been used in both male and female genders as a traditional agent to prevent early pregnancy. In this study, the effect of this extract was investigated histologically and morphometrically on the germinal epithelia of the seminiferous tubules, epididymis and secretory epithelia of rats’ prostate glands.

Twenty male albino rats were divided into four groups of five each and administered the extract at a concentration of zero, 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg of the body weight for 50 consecutive days. These rats were sacrificed and the male reproductive organs were removed, weighed and processed for routine histological examinations. The micrographs were analyzed and the structural changes in the epithelial lining and morphometric analyses were recorded, which included measuring the epithelial thickness in the seminiferous tubules, epididymis and secretory prostatic epithelia.

The extract was found to reduce the rats’ weight; decreased both the weight and dimension of the testes; reduced the number of germinal epithelial lining cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes, the epididymal and prostatic secretory epithelial cells.

The histological alterations were most significant in response to the treatment with the extract at 200 mg/kg of the rats with the greatest damages observed in the epithelial lining. The deleterious effects of the extract were found to be dose-dependent and this corroborates the use of this extract as a contraceptive in animal models, and potentially in humans.

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), and Prostate Cancer (PCa) are androgen-dependent diseases. PPCa is associated with excessive signalling of the androgen receptor (AR) due to the binding of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT) and testosterone (T). BPH is related to high levels of 5α-DHT, biosynthesized from T by 5α-reductase (5RD5A). The inhibition of 5RD5A and the blockage of AR are targets for their treatment. In this study, the synthesis and determination of biological activity of the new N-cyclohexyl-3β-hydroxyandrosta-5,16- diene-17-carboxamide (6), N-cyclohexyl-3-oxoandrosta-4,6,16-triene-17-carboxamide (7), and N-cyclohexyl-3-oxoandrosta-4,16-diene-17-carboxamide (8) were carried out to find new drugs to improve these afflictions.

The synthesis of 6 to 8 was confirmed by spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses. Competitive binding assays determined the affinity of 6 to 8 to the AR. The inhibitory activity of 5RD5A isoform 2 (5RD5A2) (IC50) was established by the conversion of [3 H]-T to [3 H]-5α-DHT and it was compared with finasteride (FIN). The pharmacological effect of 6 to 8 was determined on the weight of the prostate and seminal vesicles glands of castrated hamsters treated with T, and on the diameter size of their flank organs.

Compounds 7 and 8 bound lightly (ca. 15 %) to AR. Comparing to FIN (IC50 = 8.5 nM), 6 to 8 (IC50 = 0.169, 0.105 and 0.155 nM, respectively) showed higher potency as inhibitors of 5RD5A2. Compound 6 decreased the prostate and seminal vesicles weight, as well as the hamsters’ diameter flank organs. However, 7 only decreased the diameter of flank organs. Surprisingly, 8 increased these pharmacological parameters.

Androstane-17-caboxamide 6 is a 5RD5A2 inhibitor that reduces the weight of androgen-dependent glands such as the prostate, suggesting it could be a lead for new drugs to treat BPH and PCa.

Previous studies have shown that morphine negatively effects male fertility while Phoenix dactylifera (dates) could cure male infertility by the exhibition of antagonist effects. This study was conducted to assess the possible ameliorating effects of dates on the histological features of morphine‑induced male rat reproductive organs.

Adult male Sprague Dawley rats age 7–9 weeks old, 200–250 g body weight (BW) were divided into six rats per each group: Group 1, force‑fed with distilled water, 1 ml/kg BW for 35 days (control); Group 2, intramuscularly (IM) injected with morphine, 20 mg/kg BW for 7 days followed by force‑fed with distilled water for 28 days; Group 3, force‑fed with distilled water for 7 days followed by crude P. dactylifera extract, 200 mg/kg for 28 days; Group 4, injected (IM) with morphine, 20 mg/kg BW for 7 days followed by force‑fed of crude P. dactylifera extract, 200 mg/kg for 28 days. Rats were sacrificed on day 36. The seminal vesicle (SV) and prostate gland (PG) were removed and fixed before histological processes.

In morphine‑treated rats, the SV showed the absence of honeycomb‑like appearance with flattened columnar cells while in the PG, eosinophilic secretion was noted to be absent from glandular lumina as compared to the control group. Administration of P. dactylifera extract in Group 4 showed improvement in histoarchitecture of the SV and PG with complex mucosal infoldings and glands luminal filled with secretion.

P. dactylifera extract has a protective effect against the adverse effects of morphine on the male rat reproductive organs.

Medications, alternative and complementary treatments for type-III chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) are used frequently. The aim of this article is to define thermobalancing therapy as an independent treatment for internal diseases, such as CP/CPPS.
The effect of thermobalancing therapy (TT) by using Dr. Allen’s therapeutic device-(DATD) on patients with CP/CPPS was investigated. National institute of health chronic prostatitis symptom index (NIH-CPSI) scores, prostatic volume (PV), and maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) were measured in one group of 45 patients who underwent TT and a control group that did not have TT. These all parameters were compared between groups.
No significant difference was found at baseline evaluation in treatment and control groups with regard to age, NIH-CPSI score, PV or Qmax. In the treatment group pain score decreased and quality of life (QoL) improved significantly, whereas in the control group no changes. TT reduced PV and increased Qmax significantly, whereas in the control group TT did not elicit significant changes in PV and Qmax.
The study has explored that TT with DATD as monotherapy for CP/CPPS patients: (i) reduces pain dramatically and improves QoL; (ii) reduces PV and increases Qmax. None of the patients who received TT suffered side effects and the cost of TT compares favourably with the cost of conventional treatment. Thus, TT could be recommended as a new independent treatment for CP/CPPS.