جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "sea urchin" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

The sea urchins are classified in the echinoderms category because of their spiny skin. Saponins are the major responsible metabolites for Echinodermata biological activities . As mentioned before, about 80 species of sea urchins are venomous for human. Their spine, pedicellariae, and some other organs such as gonads and coelomic fluids contain different toxins and bioactive compounds. This review study have evaluated toxinology and bioactive compounds from the extracts, and treatment management of these venomous animals.
Contractin A, echinochrome A, echinometrin, major yolk protein (MYP), centrocins (I, II(, cathepsin B/X, strongylostatins (I,II), vitellogenin, UT841 toxin, spinochrome, and pedoxin as the prosthetic group of peditoxin are the most important compounds obtained from these animals.
Some people show poisoning symptoms following the ingestion of sea urchin gonads, especially during the breeding season. Some of these symptoms included allergies symptoms, as the first symptoms, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, epigastric distress, severe headache, swelling of the lips and mouth, salivation, abdominal pain and some systemic symptoms such as hypotension, numbness and weakness. The most injuries by sea urchin can cause by contact to spines, which can create the various complications such as granuloma, synovitis, arthritis, edema, hyperkeratosis and even neuroma. Injuries by pedicellaria may cause severe pain, local edema, bleeding, lethargy, weakness, tingling, joint pain, aphonia, dizziness, syncope, general muscle paralysis, respiratory distress, hypotension and, infrequently death. After the injury by sea urchin, removing the spines and pedicellariae should be done to minimize the contact with the venom source, and subsequently the management of wounds and poisoning symptoms, as quickly as possible.
The venoms of some sea urchins have toxins and bioactive molecules that produce toxicity effects on their victims by a variety of mechanisms. Despite the various studies in toxinology field, on these animals, the comprehensive studies that led to the identification of pure toxins from their crude venoms are handful and unfinished and it is important to do further studies on this field, in the future.

sea urchins belonging to phylum echinoderms of marine invertebrates them found to possess excellent. Inflammation can be considered a set of complex processes that many body systems including the immune and nervous system are involved. The aim of the present research was undertaken to study the anti- inflammatory activity of different extracts, coelomic fluid and pigments shells and spines of sea urchin of Echinodermata mathaei. Isolation of different tissues extracts (spine, shell, gonad and aristotol lantern) sea urchin by three solvents (n- hexan, ethyl acetate, methanol). Isolation coelomic fluid by buffered mode and pigments shell and spine by HCl of sea urchin evaluation antioxidant (DPPH radical scavenging) and anti- inflammatory activity investigated through inhibition albumin serum denaturation.Resuts: According to the results of the study, the spine- methanoli and coelomic fluid (CF) had the highest activity in the DPPH radical scavenging and aristotol lantern- ethyl acetate and pigment shell highest activity in the anti- inflammatory methods. Significant differences were observed at P<0.05. The result of this research indicated that sea urchin of E.mathaei due to the high antioxidant activity, have anti- inflammatory activities too.

sea urchins belonging to phylum echinoderms of marine invertebrates them found to possess excellent. Diabetes mellitus, metabolic diseases most prevalent in the world with a group of metabolic disorders characterized by different degrees is the first increase in blood glucose levels. The aim of the present research was undertaken to study the anti- diabetes activity of different extracts, coelomic fluid and pigments shells and spines of sea urchin of Echinodermata mathaei.
Isolation of different tissues extracts (spine, shell, gonad and aristotol lantern) sea urchin by three solvents (n- hexan, ethyl acetate, and methanol). Isolation coelomic fluid by buffered mode and pigments shell and spine by HCl of sea urchin anti-diabetes activity investigated through inhibition α- Amylase enzyme.
According to the results of the study, coelomic fluid (CF), coelomocyte lysate and shell pigment of sea urchin highest activity in the anti-diabetes methods. Significant differences were observed at P The result of this research indicated that sea urchin of E. mathaei due to the high antioxidant activity, as well as, flavonoid compounds, have anti- diabetes activities too.

Sea urchin immune responses are directly exposed to potentially pathogenic microorganisms and develop defence responses mainly based on immunocytes and humoral factors contained in the coelomic fluid. In addition, the polyhydroxylated 1, 4-naphthoquinone pigments are found to possess excellent antimicrobial, antialgal and antioxidant activities. The present research aimed to study the bioactive potentials (antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic) of coelomic fluid and pigments shells and spines of sea urchin, Echinodermata mathaei species.

The coelomic fluid and pigments shell and spine of sea urchin were isolated using buffered mode and hydrogen chloride (HCl), respectively. Then, antioxidant [reducing power, DPPH radical (1, 1-diphenyl 2-picryhydrazyl) scavenging, and total antioxidant capacity), antibacterial (minimum inhibitory concentration or MIC) and cytotoxic potentials were evaluated.

The free cells of the coelomic fluid had the highest activity in the all antioxidant methods, and the coelomocyte lysate had the highest antibacterial activity. All the differences were significant at the level of P < 0.05.

The result of this research indicated that coelomic fluid and pigments shell and spine of sea urchin, Echinodermata mathaei species, have potent antioxidant activity and the ability for scavenging cytotoxic effects. This suggests that sea urchin shells and spines, most of which are discarded as waste after removal of gonads, would be a new bioresource for natural antioxidants.