جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « sex hormone » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »
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Background and aims
Tramadol and methadone are synthetic opioid drugs that are widely used in various fields of medicine. This review article was performed to investigate the hormone disturbance of long-term tramadol and methadone use in women.
MethodsKeywords were determined using the MeSH browser and then searched in ISI, Scopus, EMBASE, and PubMed databases on 25.5.2022. The articles with non-English language, articles whose full text was not retrieved, and studies that were irrelevant to the aim of this study were excluded from the investigation.
ResultsMethadone and tramadol affected a sexual hormone in women through an impact on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. They could reduce the levels of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, increase prolactin production, and finally, reduce gonadal steroids. Opioids also could influence thyroid and adrenal glands and subsequently increase thyroidstimulating hormone, and reduce dehydroepiandrosterone. Eventually, this mechanism caused a disturbance in sexual hormone disturbance in women.
ConclusionOverall, long-term methadone and tramadol consumption as opioid substances could cause sexual hormone disturbance in women.
Keywords: Methadone, Tramadol, Sexual, Sex hormone, Women} -
International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine، سال نوزدهم شماره 6 (پیاپی 137، Jun 2021)، صص 515 -524مقدمه
سندرم تخمدان پلی کیستیک (PCOS) یک اختلال اندوکرینی و متابولیکی پیچیده است که با عدم تخمک گذاری، تغییرات هورمونی و بیوشیمیایی سرم و تغییرات بافتی تخمدان همراه است. ژل رویال دارای خواص آنتی اکسیدانی و ضد التهابی است.
هدفبررسی اثر درمانی ژل رویال (RJ) بر اختلالات هورمونی و بیوشیمیایی ناشی از PCOS در مدل موش صحرایی.
مواد و روش هادر این مطالعه تجربی، 42 سر موش صحرایی ماده نژاد ویستار (با وزن200-180 گرم) و سن 12-10 هفته به 6 گروه 7 تایی شامل گروه های: کنترل، PCOS، mg/kg 100RJ ، mg/kg 200RJ ، PCOS + mg/kg 100 RJ وPCOS + mg/kg200 RJ تقسیم شدند. بعد از 21 روز، حیوانات توزین و تشریح شده، سرم به منظور بررسی بیوشیمیایی ظرفیت تام آنتی اکسیدانی (FRAP)، نیتریک اکساید (NO) و هورمون های استروژن و پروژسترون جدا گردید. همچنین تخمدان حیوانات جهت بررسی بافت شناسی استفاده شد.
نتایجPCOS، استرادیول و NO را افزایش و پروژسترون و مقدار FRAP را کاهش داد. در گروه های PCOS + RJ، پروژسترون (01/0 = p) و FRAP (001/0 ≤ p) افزایش و استرادیول و NO (001/0 ≤ p) به طور معنی داری کاهش یافت. علاوه بر این، تعداد فولیکول های بالغ (01/0 = p) و جسم زرد افزایش یافته و وزن تخمدان و رحم به طور معنی داری (001/0≤ p) کاهش یافت.
نتیجه گیریRJ مقادیر استرادیول، پروژسترون، NO و FRAP و تغییر ساختار تخمدان در مدل PCOS موش صحرایی را بهبود بخشید.
کلید واژگان: ژل رویال, سندرم تخمدان پلی کیستیک, تخمدان, هورمون جنسی}BackgroundPolycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and complex metabolic disorder, associated with anovulation, changes in sex hormone, biochemical factors, and ovarian tissue. Royal jelly (RJ) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
ObjectiveTo examine the therapeutic effect of RJ on PCOS-related hormonal and biochemical changes in a rat model of PCOS.
Materials and MethodsIn this experimental study, 42 female Wistar rats (weighing 180-200 gr, aged 10-12 week) were divided into six groups (n = 7/each): control; PCOS; RJ 100 mg/kg; RJ 200 mg/kg; PCOS + RJ 100 mg/kg; and PCOS + RJ 200 mg/kg. After 21 days, the animals were weighed and dissected. The serums were used for nitric oxide (NO) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and estradiol and progesterone measurements. The ovaries were assessed for histological changes.
ResultsPCOS increased estradiol and NO levels, and decreased progesterone and FRAP levels. In PCOS+ RJ groups, the progesterone (p =0.01) and FRAP levels (p ≤ 0.001) increased and the estradiol and NO (p ≤ 0.001) levels decreased significantly. Moreover, the number of mature follicles (p = 0.01) and corpus luteum increased (p ≤ 0.001), and ovarian and uterus weight deceased significantly (p ≤ 0.001).
ConclusionRJ improved estradiol, progesterone, FRAP, and NO levels, and ovarian structure in the rat model of PCOS.
Keywords: Royal jelly, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Ovary, Sex hormone} -
BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders with a spread of around 10% in the world. Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) is a medicinal plant with essential oils, steroids, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of yarrow extract on blood hormones and ovarian histology in rat model of PCOS.MethodsSeventy rats were equally allocated into seven groups: control; control+1.2g/kg body weight (BW) yarrow extract; PCOS, induced by single-dose intramuscular injection of estradiol valerate (EV, 1 mg/100g BW); PCOS+2 mg/kg BW clomiphene citrate (CC); PCOS+1.2, 2.5 and 5g/kg BW of yarrow extract for a period of 30 days. Vaginal smear was performed for 60 days after the EV injection. Hormone assays for LH, FSH, progesterone, testosterone and estradiol, and ovarian histology were also performed.ResultsCC could moderate serum levels of FSH, estrogen and progesterone and concentrations of LH, LH/FSH and testosterone became normal, whereas CC did not have a significant effect on body and ovary weights, and number of ovarian cysts. Yarrow extract could ameliorate the body and ovary weights, cystic follicles and sex hormones in PCOS induced by EV in a dose-dependent manner. High dose of yarrow extract improved the detrimental effects of PCOS on body and ovary weights, and number of ovarian cysts, and caused them to reach normal levels.ConclusionYarrow extract in 5mg/kg BW may be used as a nutritional supplement for adjunct therapy of PCOS patients.Keywords: Achillea millefolium L, estradiol valerate, estrous cycles, ovary, sex hormone}
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BackgroundThe effects of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) on the reproductive system of mammal females are unclear because no studies have been conducted on this topic.MethodsIn this study, 40 C57 female mice were used as experimental subjects and evenly divided into 8 groups, which were fed with mixed DMP (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg bw/day) and corn oil. After 20 days and 40 days of gavage, the mice were weighed and their individual ovary organ coefficients measured.ResultsChanges were discovered on progesterone, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in mouse serum, and on the apoptosis rate of ovarian granulosa cells.ConclusionsProlonged exposure to DMP led to decreased secretion of FSH hormones and increased secretion of E2 and LH hormones. Furthermore, DMP interfered with the pituitary-ovary axis and increased the apoptosis rate of ovarian granulosa cells. Therefore, prolonged exposure to DMP is likely to have negative effects on reproduction and development.Keywords: Dimethyl Phthalate, Sex Hormone, Apoptosis, Endocrine Disruptors}
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BackgroundNoise is one of the harmful environmental factors and an inevitable phenomenon in workplaces. Noise stress can lead to endocrine and reproductive system disorders.ObjectivesThis experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of noise stress on sperm parameters and the protective effect of hydroalcoholic Cinnamomum verum extract in adult rats.MethodsA total of 32 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 8). Group 1 was treated with distilled water (control), Group 2 was treated with 75 mg kg-1 hydroalcoholic C. verum extract, Group 3 was exposed to noise (100 dB) for the eighth/day, and Group 4 was exposed to noise and treated with 75 mg kg-1 hydroalcoholic C. verum extract by gavage. After 50 days, the rats were anesthetized, blood samples were collected, and the cauda epididymis was removed to examine sperm parameters. Data analysis was performed using SPSS.ResultsIn Group 3, noise stress significantly decreased the levels of sex hormones (LH, FSH, and testosterone), sperm viability, and the percentage of morphologically normal sperm compared to the control group. In Group 2, the levels of sex hormones and sperm parameters increased significantly compared to the control group. Comparison of the results of Groups 3 and 4 showed the protective effect of C. verum extract on the levels of sex hormones and sperm viability.ConclusionsIt is recommended to investigate the action mechanism of C. verum effect on the male reproductive system of animal models and humans who work in noisy environments.Keywords: Cinnamomum verum, Endocrine, Extract, Noise, Reproductive, Sex Hormone, Sperm}
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This study aimed to determine the serum levels of prolactin and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and their correlation with disease duration and clinical manifestations. This case control study investigated 26 scleroderma patients and 26 healthy individuals adjusted for age and sex with the case group as controls. Serum levels of DHEA using radioimmunoassay (RIA) and prolactin using immune radiometric assay (IRMA) were measured in both groups. Clinical manifestations of the disease, disease duration, and fertility status at the time of the study were also determined for each scleroderma patient. The findings on 26 scleroderma patients (20 females and 6 males with mean age of 44 years and mean disease duration of 5±3 years) demonstrated that serum levels of DHEA were significantly lower in scleroderma patients than controls based on gender (males, p= 0.02) and fertility (fertile women, p= 0.01; menopausal women, p= 0.008). However, no significant difference was found in prolactin serum levels between the case and control groups. Moreover, only serum PRL levels correlated significantly with disease duration in fertile women. Contrary to previous studies, this study manifested that serum PRL did not differ between scleroderma patients and normal individuals. Yet, serum DHEA was shown to be significantly lower in scleroderma patients. Only PRL levels correlated significantly with disease duration.Keywords: DHEAS, prolactin, scleroderma, sex hormone, systemic sclerosis}
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BackgroundBy binding SHBG hormone to sex hormones, in addition to carrying them in the blood, they regulate the amount of tissue availability. Since the genetic changes in the structure of globulin affect its binding to hormones, so in this study the effects of single nucleotide change in exon 8 or rs 6259 in the incidence of prostate cancer is evaluated.MethodsThe study population included 120 patients with prostate cancer and 120 control subjects. After collecting blood samples, DNA was extracted by salting out the method in order to determine the genotype of individuals by RFLP-PCR method. According to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium genotypes and allele frequencies were calculated and a relationship between this variation and prostate cancer were evaluated and by using SPSS 23 software and the relationship between variations. The significance level was considered ≤0.05.ResultsResults indicated that homozygous mutant genotype AA 2.58 (p value= 0.007, OR: 2.58, CI95%: 1.52-4.38) and heterozygous AG 1.18 times (p-value =0.5, OR: 1.18, CI95%: 0.38-3.61) increase chance of getting prostate cancer in carriers. But homozygous of wild genotype GG have the protective role against prostate cancer (p-value =0.005, OR: 0.385, CI95%: 0.23-0.65).ConclusionTherefore, Asn allele is one of the main factors in prostate cancer so it can be used as the non-invasive and suitable marker for early detection in susceptible individuals.Keywords: Prostate cancer, Sex hormone, binding globulin, PCR-RFLP}
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مقدمهسرب، یکی از فلزات سنگین و سمی است که اثرات و عوارض متعددی بر سیستم های بیولوژیک موجودات زنده از جمله انسان داشته و خطرات گوناگونی مانند ناباروری را ایجاد می کند. در این مطالعه سعی شده است تا با بررسی اثر آنتی اکسیدانی دارچین بر رفع مسمومیت ناشی از سرب بر تغییرات هورمون های جنسی، راه حلی جهت رفع مشکل افراد در مواجهه با سرب انجام شود.روش کارحیوانات مورد استفاده 42 سر موش صحرایی ماده بالغ نژاد ویستار بودند که به 7 گروه 6 تایی شامل گروه کنترل که هیچ دارویی دریافت نکردند، گروه شاهد 1( حلال دارو)، گروه شاهد 2 (روزانه 6/0 گرم بر لیتراستات سرب)، گروه شاهد 3 (روزانه 5/1 گرم بر کیلوگرم عصاره دارچین) و گروه های تجربی 1، 2 و 3 که روزانه علاوه بر 6/0 گرم بر لیتراستات سرب، به ترتیب 1/0، 2/0 و 4/0 گرم بر کیلوگرم عصاره دارچین به مدت 14 روز دریافت کردند. در خاتمه تحقیق خونگیری به عمل آمد و غلظت هورمون های استروژن و پروژسترون با روش الیزا مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.نتایجنتایج نشان داد غلظت هورمون استروژن در گروه شاهد 2 دارای کاهش و در گروه شاهد 3 دارای افزایش معناداری نسبت به گروه کنترل در سطح 5% می باشد. غلظت هورمون پروژسترون در گروه شاهد 2 کاهش و در گروه شاهد 3 افزایش معناداری نسبت به گروه کنترل نشان داد(05/0> P).بحث و نتیجه گیرینتایج تحقیق نشان داد که عصاره دارچین به صورت وابسته به دوز و با خواص آنتی اکسیدانی باعث کاهش عوارض ناشی از سرب بر هورمون های جنسی شده است.کلید واژگان: دارچین, سرب, هورمون جنسی, موش صحرایی}IntroductionLead is one of the toxic and heavy metals that had different effects and side effects on biological systems of living creatures suchas humon, also, it causes various risks such as infertility. This study investigate antioxidant effect of cinnamon on elimination of lead poisoning in reproductive system in order to find a solutim for the problem of people in facing with lead.Materials And MethodsThe animals in this into 7 groups of 6 rats that includes one control group which received no remedy, control group 1 (solvent), control group 2 (0.6 g/l lead acetate daily), control group 3 (1.5 g/kg cinnamon extract daily), experimental group 1,2,3 that daily received 0.6 g/l lead acetate in addition to respectively received 0.1, 0.2 , 0.5 g/kg cinnamon extract for 14 days. Then, statistical data determineal significantly by ANOVA (one way analysis of variance) through SPSS software , version 18.ResultsThe results shows that The concentration of the hormone estrogen decreased in control group 2 and increased in control group 3 signiticantly compared to control group in 5% level. The concentrate of hormone progesterone decreased in control group 2 and increased in control group 3 significantly compared to control group.ConclusionThe results of this study indicates that cinnamon extract in a dose dependent manner and with antioxidant properties reduces the side effects of lead on sex hormones.Keywords: Cinnamon, Lead, Sex Hormone, Rat}
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زمینه و هدفگلوبولین متصل شونده به هورمون جنسی (SHBG) یک گلیکوپروتئین پلاسمایی است که در چندین سطح عمل هورمون های استروئیدی را تنظیم می کند. از آنجا که SHBG یکی از تنظیم کننده های رشد سلول های سرطان پستان می باشد بنابر این هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی رابطه بین پلی مورفیسم E326K و میزان ابتلا به سرطان پستان است.مواد و روش هااین مطالعه به صورت موردی – شاهدی بر روی 79 بیمار زن مبتلا به سرطان پستان و 79 زن سالم که به بیمارستان شهدای تجریش تهران مراجعه کرده بودند، انجام گرفت. متوسط سن افراد بیمار 48±8 سال و افراد کنترل 6 43± بود. پس از خونگیری و استخراج DNA، ژنوتایپ تمامی نمونه ها با روش PCR-RFLP تعیین شد و نتایج به دست آمده با نرم افزار SPSS 19 از لحاظ آماری مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.نتایجپس از شمارش ژنوتایپ ها، درصد آن ها در نمونه های سرطانی AA (56.9%)، GG (35.4%)، AG/GA (7.6%) و در بین افراد کنترل AA (12.6%)، GG (77.2%)، AG/GA (10.1%) تعیین شد. همچنین بر اساس تعادل هاردی واینبرگ، فراوانی الل A در بیماران سرطانی 60.7 % و فراوانی الل G 39.2% بود و در افراد کنترل نیز فراوانی الل A حدود 21.5% و فراوانی الل G برابر با 82.3% محاسبه شد. از نظر آماری نیز رابطه معنی دار بین هموزیگوت های دو گروه مشاهده شد (P-Value ˂0.05).نتیجه گیرینتایج نشان می دهد که پلی مورفیسم در اگزون 8 ژن SHBG با خطر ابتلا به سرطان پستان مرتبط است و احتمالا می تواند یکی از فاکتورهای دخیل در آن باشد.
کلید واژگان: پلی مورفیسم E326K, سرطان پستان, ژن SHBG}Background and ObjectiveSex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) is a plasma glycoprotein that regulates the action of steroid hormones on several levels. Since SHBG is one of the growth regulators of breast cancer cells، the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between polymorphisms E326K and the risk of breast cancer.Materials and MethodsThis study was done as a case-control study on 79 patients with breast cancer and on 79 healthy women who had gone to Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital in Tehran. The average age of patients and control subjects were 48 -+ 8 and 43 -+ 6 years، respectively. After blood sampling and DNA extraction، genotyping of all samples were determined by PCR-RFLP method and the results were statistically analyzed using SPSS 19 software.ResultsAfter counting the genotypes، their percentages in the cancerous specimens and control group were AA (56. 9%)، GG (35. 4%)، AG / GA (7. 6%) and AA (12. 6%)، GG (77. 2%)، AG / GA (10. 1%)، respectively. In addition، according to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium، in cancer patients، the frequency of allele A was 60. 7% and the frequency of allele G was 39. 2% and in control group the frequency of allele A was approximately 21. 5% and the frequency of allele G was calculated 82. 3%. Statistically، a significant correlation was observed between the homozygotes of the two groups (P-Value ˂0. 05).ConclusionThe results showed that the E326K polymorphism in exon 8 of SHBG gene is associated with the risk of breast cancer and it may be a factor involved in it.Keywords: Polymorphism E326K, Breast cancer, Sex Hormone, Binding Globulin (SHBG), Gene} -
BackgroundLeptin, a 16-KDa peptide hormone secreted from the adipose tissue, plays an important role in the regulation of energyintake and expenditure and body weight regulation; furthermore, it has a regulatory function on the reproductive system. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between serum leptin levels and sex hormones in psoriatic patients and control group and to determine the serum levels of leptin and sex hormones in patients and their association with disease severity.MethodThis cross-sectional study included 43 male patients with psoriasis and 42 age- and sex- matched healthy controls. We measured serum levels of leptin, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, and total testosterone in both groups.ResultPsoriatic patients had significantly higher levels of leptin and lower levels of FSH than healthy controls. Psoriatic patients did not differ significantly in the serum concentrations of LH, total testosterone, SHBG, and PRL in comparison with healthy controls. The severity of the disease (PASI score) was positively correlated with leptin (p<.0001), Body Mass Index (p=0.001), and waist circumference (p=0.001), and was inversely correlated with serum LH levels (p=0.03). No significant associations were found between the severity of the disease and serum levels of FSH (p=0.38), total testosterone (p=0.14), SHBG (p=0.98), and PRL (p=0.76).ConclusionOur results suggest that the serum leptin level is associated with psoriasis severity and duration; moreover, we found a relationship between LH and psoriasis severity. This association needs more extensive studies.Keywords: leptin, psoriasis, sex hormone, binding globulin, sex hormones, testosterone}
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BackgroundReproductive endocrine disorders and sexual dysfunction are common among men with epilepsy. We investigated sexual hormone serum levels among men with newly diagnosed epilepsy, before starting any antiepileptic drug (AED), and then after starting carbamazepine (CBZ), to determine the role and effects of epilepsy versus CBZ in creating reproductive endocrine disorders.MethodsIn this prospective study, male patients 20 to 40 years of age who due to new onset seizure(s) were referred to the outpatient epilepsy clinic at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from 2009 through 2012 were studied. A blood sample was obtained to evaluate the serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, testosterone, free-testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and sex hormone binding globulin. CBZ was started after blood works. After at least three months of taking CBZ, another blood sample was obtained to determine the serum levels of those hormones again.ResultsTwenty patients were included. Their mean age (± standard deviation) was 28 years (± 5). The statistical analysis with paired sample tests did not show any significant changes in serum levels of sex hormones before and after CBZ therapy.ConclusionDespite the fact that, sexual dysfunction and reproductive disorders are common among men with epilepsy, the exact pathophysiology of these problems is not clear yet. Further studies are required to determine the exact role of epilepsy itself, AEDs, and other possible determinants.Keywords: Carbamazepine, Epilepsy, Sex hormone, Men}
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International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine، سال یازدهم شماره 8 (پیاپی 43، Aug 2013)، صص 665 -672مقدمهشواهد موجود حاکی از ارتباط اسیدهای چرب امگا3 با سطوح آندروژنی است.هدفهدف از انجام این مطالعه بررسی اثر مکمل امگا 3 بر پروتئین متصل شونده به هورمون جنسی (SHBG)، تستوسترون، شاخص آندروژن آزاد (FAI) و وضعیت قاعدگی به عنوان یک مکمل الحاقی در درمان زنان مبتلا به سندروم تخمدان پلی کیستیک بود.مواد و روش هادر این کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی دوسو کور، 78 بیمار شرکت داشتند که به طور تصادفی به 2 گروه دریافت کننده امگا 3 (3گرم/روز) یا گروه دریافت کننده دارونما (3 گرم/روز) تقسیم شدند. مدت مداخله 8 هفته بود. داده های مربوط به وزن، قد، دریافت مواد مغذی توسط یادآمد خوراک، مانند نمونه-های خون قبل و بعد از مداخله جمع آوری شد. غلظت های سرمی تستوسترون، SHBG اندازه گیری شد.FAI از نسبت تستوسترون به SHBG محاسبه گردید.نتایج78 بیمار(92/8 %) (سال 5/46±26/92، نمایه توده بدن کیلوگرم/2(متر)4/84±31/69) مداخله 8 هفته ای را به پایان رساندند. قبل و بعد از مداخله از نظر میانگین سن، وزن، قد، نمایه توده بدن و دریافت انرژی و درشت مغذی ها بین دو گروه اختلاف آماری معنی داری وجود نداشت. همه بیماران در ورود به مطالعه پریود نامنظم داشتند. اما پس از مداخله، درصد تنظیم وضعیت قاعدگی در گروه دریافت کننده امگا 3 نسبت به گروه دارونما به طور معنی داری بیشتر بود (2/47% در مقابل 9/22 %). همچنین غلظت تستوسترون پس از مداخله در گروه آزمون در مقایسه با گروه دارونما کمتر بود (0/04=p). اما در مورد SHBG و FAI پس از انجام مداخله، بین دوگروه مورد مطالعه اختلاف آماری معنی داری وجود نداشت.نتیجه گیری2 ماه مکمل یاری با 3 گرم امگا 3 در روز توانست غلظت سرمی تستوسترون را کاهش دهد. علاوه براین وضعیت قاعدگی در بیماران منظم تر شد. اما پس از 8 هفته مداخله، اختلاف آماری معنی داری در میزان شاخص FAI و غلظت SHBG بین دو گروه مشاهده نگردید.
کلید واژگان: سندروم تخمدان پلی کیستیک, پروتئین متصل شونده به هورمون جنسی, شاخص آندروژن آزاد, اسیدچرب امگا3}ObjectiveThis study was conducted to determine the effect of omega-3 supplementation on sex hormone-binding protein (SHBG), testosterone, free androgen index (FAI) and menstrual status in women with PCOS.Materials And MethodsThis double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 78 overweight/obese women with PCOS. Participants were randomized to receive omega-3 (3gr/day) or placebo for 8 weeks. Data about weight, height and nutrient intake as well as blood samples were collected before and after intervention. Serum concentrations of testosterone (nmol/L) and SHBG (nmol/L) were measured. FAI was also calculated as the ratio of testosterone to SHBG.ResultsSeventy eight patients (age: 26.92±5.46 yrs, Body Mass Index: 31.69±4.84 Kg/m2) completed the study. There was no significant difference in mean age, weight, height, Body Mass Index and intake of energy, and macronutrients between 2 study groups before and after treatment. All the participants had irregular periods. After the trial the percentage of regular menstruation in the omega-3 group was more than the placebo group (47.2% vs. 22.9%, p=0.049). Furthermore, testosterone concentration was significantly lower in the omega-3 group compared with placebo, after supplementation (p=0.04). SHBG and FAI did not change in either group.ConclusionOmega-3 supplementation could reduce serum concentrations of testosterone and regulate menstrual cycle without significant effect on SHBG and FAI. Future studies with longer period of supplementation are warranted. There is some evidence regarding the effect of poly unsaturated fatty acid intake on androgen levels and gonadal function in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Sex hormone, Binding globulin, Omega, 3} -
International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine، سال یازدهم شماره 8 (پیاپی 43، Aug 2013)، صص 673 -676مقدمهدستگاه تناسلی از ارگان هایی است که تحت تاثیر مواجهه با سرب قرار می گیردکه این امر می تواند باعث از دست دادن غریزه جنسی و باروری در مردان و اختلالات قاعدگی و سقط خودبه خودی در زنان گردد.هدفهدف از این مطالعه مقطعی بررسی و ارزیابی میزان پاسخ بین سطح سرب خون و سطح هورمون های جنسی در کارگران مرد مواجهه یافته با سرب بود.مواد و روش ها113 نفر کارگر مرد با حداقل سابقه 6 ماهه از مواجهه با سرب وارد مطالعه شدند. سطح سرب خون به روش جذب اسپکتروفتومتر و نیز سطح هورمون های جنسی به روش RIA اندازه گیری شد.نتایجمیانگین سنی7/07±40/88 سال بود، میانگین مدت اشتغال 6/95±15/92 سال و میانگین سطح سرب خون 16/99±μg/dl 41/41 بود. کلیه مقادیر هورمون های جنسی در محدوده ی نرمال قرار داشت. نتایج آنالیز Pearson correlation نشان داد که سطح هورمون های جنسی ارتباط معنی داری با سطح سرب خون نداشت. FSH ارتباط مستقیم و معنی دار با سن، سنوات استخدام و شاخص توده بدنی داشت. در حالی که میزان تستوسترون آزاد ارتباط معکوس و معنی دار با سن و مدت مواجهه شغلی داشت (0/254، 0/213=p). همچنین تفاوت معنی داری بین سطح هورمون های جنسی کارگران با سطح سرب کمتر ازμg/dl 40 و کارگران با سطح سرب بیش ازμg/dl 40 وجود نداشت.نتیجه گیریاین مطالعه نشان داد که سطح سرب خون نمی تواند به عنوان فاکتور پیشگویی کننده تغییرات هورمون های جنسی مردانه در نظر گرفته شود، همچنین نمی توان به راحتی اثرات ناشی از مواجهه دراز مدت سرب بر روی سیستم تناسلی را رد کرد. چرا که تغییرات در سطوح بسیار پایین مواجهه با سرب و درحد μg/dl10 دیده می شود و شاید همین نکته باعث عدم مشاهده رابطه بین سطح سرب خون و هورمون های هیپوفیزی در سطوح آلودگی بالاتر باشد.
کلید واژگان: مسمومیت با سرب, هورمون های جنسی}ObjectiveThe purpose of this cross-sectional study was assessment of dose-response relationship between blood lead level (BLL) and sex hormones levels in lead exposed male workers.Materials And MethodsOne hundred and thirteen male workers enrolled. All workers had at least 6 months of lead exposure and no history of diseases or conditions affecting reproductive system. Blood lead level and hormones levels measured with atomic absorption spectrophotometer and radioimmunoassay method, respectively.ResultsAverage duration of exposure was 15.92±6.95 years. Mean BLL was 41.41μg/dl±16.99. All of the sex hormones values were in normal range. Pearson correlation showed that sex hormones levels had no significant correlation with blood lead level. Also, there was no significant difference in sex hormones levels between workers with BLL <40μg/dl and workers whose BLL was >40 μg/dl.ConclusionThis study showed that BLL cannot serve as a predictor of male sex hormonal changes. However, it is not possible to rule out the effect of lead on the reproductive system after long-term exposure The reproductive system is one of the organs that are affected by lead. Lead can cause loss of libido and fertility in men, and menstrual disturbances and spontaneous abortion in woman.Keywords: Human reproductive index, Lead poisoning, Sex hormone} -
BackgroundEstrogen deficiency due to natural menopause or surgical menopause has been suggested to have an adverse effect on insulin resistance. Testosterone and sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) as well as estrogen are also associated with insulin resistance in women. However, to date, the associations of estradiol, testosterone and SHBG with insulin resistance according to estrogen level have not been clarified..ObjectivesWe examined the associations of estradiol, testosterone and SHBG with insulin resistance in pre- and in postmenopausal women and postmenopausal women who had received hormone therapy to clarify whether the associations differ depending on the estrogen status..Patients andMethodsTwenty premenopausal women and thirty-two postmenopausal women were enrolled in this study. Fifteen postmenopausal women received oral conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) (0.625 mg) everyday for 12 months. Serum levels of estradiol, testosterone, SHBG and insulin and plasma levels of glucose were measured..ResultsSerum estradiol levels tended to have a negative correlation with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in premenopausal women but not in postmenopausal women. On the other hand, free testosterone levels tended to have a positive correlation with HOMA-IR in postmenopausal women but not in premenopausal women. Serum SHBG levels showed significant negative correlations with HOMA-IR in both pre- and postmenopausal women. SHBG level was significantly increased, free testosterone level was significantly decreased and HOMA-IR was significantly decreased at 12 months after CEE administration. However, there were no significant correlations of changes between estradiol, SHBG or free testosterone and HOMA-IR..ConclusionsThe associations of sex steroid hormones with insulin resistance are different depending on the estrogen status..Keywords: Estradiol, Testosterone, Sex Hormone, Binding Globulin, HOMA, IR}
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زمینه و هدفاسپیرونولاکتون به عنوان یک داروی دیورتیک و آنتاگونیست آلدوسترون در درمان فشار خون بالا، اختلالات کبدی، کلیوی و قلبی و همچنین پرمویی در زنان مصرف می گردد. از اثرات جانبی این دارو، کاهش میل جنسی و اختلال درقاعدگی گزارش شده است. با توجه به عدم بررسی اثرات اسپیرونولاکتون روی هورمون های محور هیپوفیز گنادها، این تحقیق با هدف بررسی اثرات احتمالی این دارو بر هورمون های این محور انجام گرفت.روش بررسیپژوهش حاضر روی پنج گروه موش صحرایی بالغ، هر گروه شامل نه سر موش انجام شد. گروه کنترل هیچ دارویی دریافت نکردند. گروه شم حلال داروی اسپیرونولاکتون (سرم فیزیولوژی) و گروه های تیمار 1 تا 3 به ترتیب غلظت های 25 و50 و mg/kgBW100 اسپیرونولاکتون را به صورت دهانی حلقی (خوراکی) و به مدت 14 روز دریافت کردند. پس از طی این مدت هورمون های LH، FSH، استروژن و پروژسترون به روش رادیوایمونواسی (RIA) مورد سنجش قرار گرفت و نتایج حاصل بین گروه کنترل و سایر گروه ها مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. 05/0p< به عنوان سطح معنی داری در نظر گرفته شد.
نتایجمیانگین غلظت هورمون FSH در گروه های تیمار 1 تا 3 و گروه های شم و کنترل (به صورت MSEM)به ترتیب 01/±11/0، 02/±14/0، 06/±38/0، 02/0±16/0 و 03/±18/0 بود که فقط در گروه تیمار 3 افزایش معنی داری را نسبت به گروه کنترل نشان داد. مقدار هورمون LH نیز به ترتیب 01/±13/0، 02/±19/0، 02/±14/0، 02/±13/0 و 02/±12/0 بود که فقط در دوز mg/kg B.W.50 نسبت به گروه کنترل تغییرات معنی داری دیده شد. کلیه مقادیر LH، FSH بر حسب mIU/mL می باشد. مقادیر هورمون است روژن بر حسب pg/mL به ترتیب 03/21±9/99، 5/22±7/143، 01/32±1/139، 04/32±9/131 و 37/46±2/125 و همچنین مقادیر هورمون پروژسترون بر حسب pMol/mL به ترتیب 9/24±2/100، 09/15±6/72، 7/19±4/79، 02/26±1/62 و 6/27±5/66 بود که در هیچ یک از گروه های تجربی و شم نسبت به گروه کنترل اختلاف معنی داری مشاهده نشد.نتیجه گیرینتایج مطالعه حاضر نشانگر تاثیر معنی دار و وابسته به دوز داروی اسپیرونولاکتون بر هورمون های LH وFSH می باشد. همچنین بیانگر این است که این دارو تاثیری بر غلظت هورمون های جنسی ندارد و بنابراین مصرف آن باعث اختلالات هورمونی نمی گردد.
کلید واژگان: هورمون های جنسی, استروژن, پروژسترون, FSH, اسپیرونولاکتون, محور هیپوفیز, گناد, موشهای صحرایی, LH}IntroductionSpironolactone is a diuretic drug with aldosterone-antagonistic properties, used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, kidney disorders, and hirsutism. Some studies have reported decreased libido and menstrual disorders as the side-effects of this medication. The present study was done to investigate the effects of spironolactone on pituitary-gonadal axis hormones.Materials And MethodsFive groups of rats, each including nine adult females and with an average weight of 180 – 200gr, were selected. The control group received no drugs, while the sham group received spironolactone solvent (Normal saline), and the three experimental groups were put on oral spironolactone 25, 50 and 100mg/kg of the total body weight for 14 days. Hormonal measurements, including luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and progesterone were performed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) after the test interval.ResultsThe mean values for FSH (mIU/ml) were 0.11±0.01, 0.14±0.02, 0.38±0.06, 0.16±0.02 and 0.18±0.03 for the three experimental (at 25, 50 and 100mg/kg doses of spironolactone), sham and the control groups, respectively with significant increase in the third experimental group in comparison to the controls. LH concentrations (mIU/ml) were 0.130.01, 0.190.02, 0.140.02, 0.130.02 and 0.120.02 respectively with significant increases at 50mg/kg spironolactone intake. Estrogen concentrations (pg/ml) were 99.921.03, 143.722.5, 139.132.01, 131.932.04 and 125.246.37, whilst progesterone concentrations (pMol/ml) were 100.224.9, 72.615.09, 79.419.7, 62.126.02 and 66.527.6 respectively with no significant changes in the experimental, sham or the control groups.ConclusionSpironolactone had significant and dose-dependent effects on LH and FSH hormones. However, the medication neither had any negative effects on the concentration or production of sex steroids nor on the function of the gonads. Therefore, its intake does not interfere with hormonal and subsequently gonadal functions.Keywords: Female fertility, Gonadal axis, Gonadotropin, Pituitary, Sex hormone, Sex steroid, Sexual Function, Spironolactone}
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