جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "tc" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Apolipoprotein O (apoO) is a 198 amino acids protein that exists predominantly in high-density lipoprotein (HDL). It may exert cardioprotective effects via decreasing fat accumulation and increasing removal of cholesterol from macrophages. Although the health benefits of exercise are well documented, no study has yet investigated the effects of various types of training, including resistance training on apoO level. Therefore, we aimed to determine effects of five weeks of circuit resistance training with different intensities on plasma levels of apoO, HDL, total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in young untrained men.            Forty-five age- and weight-matched healthy untrained men were randomly assigned to a control group (n=10) and four training groups: training at 20% intensity (n=9), training at 40% intensity (n=8), training at 60% intensity (n=7) and training at 80% intensity (n=8). The subjects performed circuit resistance training at 10 stations (30 seconds at each station) with three repetitions, without rest between stations and with 3-minute active rest between the repetitions. The training was carried out for 45 minutes per session, three sessions a week, for five weeks. Venous blood samples were taken 48 hours before the first exercise session and 48 hours after the last training session. Plasma levels of apoO, HDL, TC and TG were measured using commercial kits. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test at significance level of 0.05.            After the training intervention, mean plasma level of TC and TG did not differ significantly between the study groups (P>0.05). Training at 80% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) caused a slight decrease in the apoO concentrations. Moreover, apoO concentration was significantly higher in the 20% 1RM training group compared to other study groups (F=11.599, P<0.002).            Our results indicate that circuit resistance training at 80% of 1RM can decrease HDL-associated apoO level but does not significantly alter other parameters.        

ICD-85 is a combination of three poly-peptides, ranging from 10,000 to 30,000 Dalton, derived from the venoms of an Iranian brown snake (Agkistrodon halys) and a yellow scorpion (Hemiscorpius lepturus). Labeling of this ICD-85 was successfully achieved with 99mTc, through direct method using SnF2 as reducing agent. Labeled ICD-85 was injected into mice to determine the excretion pathway. The results show that the maximum labeling yield (>75%) was obtained by using 30 μg of ICD-85 in phosphate buffer (60 μl, pH 7.1) at room temperature. Bio-distribution studies with radiolabeled ICD-85 shows moderate clearance of the complex from blood. The improvement of the immunotherapeutic treatment of cancer requires a better knowledge of the biological actions of the ICD-85 since tissue distribution studies are very important for clinical purpose.

The present study aimed to evaluate the distributions of High-Sensitivity C-reactive protein, TCHDL ratio and 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases among Iranian adult population. We conducted a crosssectional study on a total of 2125 adults aged 25 to 65. Data of the Third National Surveillance of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases (SuRFNCD-2007) was used. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure and biochemical measurements had been obtained. Ten-year risk of cardiovascular events was also calculated using different models. Median (interquartile range) and geometric means (95% CI) of hs-CRP were 5.1(3.9) and 4.1(4.38-4.85), respectively. Mean TC-HDL ratio±(SD) was 5.94±2.84 in men and 5.37±1.97 in women (P

One of the treatment techniques for mandibular and midface fractures is intermaxillary fixation (IMF), but treatment with IMF interferes with normal nutrition, and malnutrition can affect the result of the treatment and patient’s recovery.
Paraclinical factors including lipid profile and protein profile indexes which are diagnostic for malnutrition were evaluated in this study to point out how treatment with IMF changes these indexes. In this study, 60 patients were treated with 4 weeks of IMF, the lipid profile and protein profile indexes for these patients were measured before and after the treatment.
The albumin (Alb) decreased during this period, but a slight increase was shown in the hemoglobin (Hb) level. All lipid profile indexes such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) decreased during this period but not statistically significant.
Treatment with IMF could cause a malnutrition situation although not severe, which makes using nutrition supplements considerable in these cases.

We aimed to assess whether the vasodilator effect of oral dipyridamole on the left ventricular systolic function in patients with suspected CAD is different from that of intravenous (IV) dipyridamole using Tc-99m MIBI myocardial perfusion gated SPECT. Eighty-nine patients (17 M / 72 W; 61 ± 10 years) were enrolled in this study. The patients underwent a dipyridamole stress test for the gating study. Forty-one patients were given oral dipyridamole (OD), and 48 patients were given intravenous dipyridamole (ID). Each group was divided into two subgroups according to whether they had normal or abnormal myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) findings (reversible perfusion defect). A two-day dipyridamole pharmacologic stress-rest Tc-99m MIBI myocardial perfusion gated SPECT protocol was performed in all patients. The LV ejection fraction (EF), end diastolic volume (EDV) and end systolic volume (ESV) were calculated from the gated data. In the ID group, LV myocardial perfusion was normal in 28 cases and abnormal in 20 cases. In abnormal ID cases, a significant difference between rest and stress EDV was detected (P = 0.017). In the OD group, the LV myocardial perfusion was normal in 20 and abnormal in 21 cases. In the OD normal cases, the rest EF (P = 0.012) and EDV (P = 0.029) were significantly different from the stress cases. The effect of ID test continues during gated SPECT and results in LV diastolic dysfunction in patients with abnormal myocardial perfusion. Oral administration is also highly effective for detecting real myocardial ischemia that causes LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction.

Studies have shown that different exercise ways are of the most important factors that affect cardiovascular risk factors and hematological parameters. This present paper aims to study the effects of two methods of endurance and resistance training on lipid profiles, heart rate, and hematological parameters in obese male students. 36 obese students were purposefully selected and randomly divided into three groups of 12 including endurance exercise, resistance exercise, and control. Exercise program was performed 3 times a week for 8 weeks, with a specific duration and intensity in both endurance and resistance exercise groups. Blood sampling was done after 14 fasting before the trial and 48 hours after the last training session. Results showed that both resistance and endurance exercises significantly increased HDL-C, Hct, and Hb and significantly decreased TC, TG, and resting heart rate (P>0.05). Also, Resistance exercise significantly increased the PLT and decreased LDL-C (P>0.05). However, WBC and RBC showed no significant change in the resistance and endurance exercise groups (P>0.05). In addition, no significant difference was observed between endurance and resistance exercise (P>0.05). In general, both endurance and resistance exercises can affect the lipid profile and hematological parameters and also reduce the resting heart rate. Therefore, they can be considered as an appropriate and non-medication approaches to prevent and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and obesity-related disorders in obese male adolescents.

In Islamic countries in the month of Holy Ramadan many Muslims based on their religious Legislation refuse fluid intake during the fasting time though instructed to drink after injection of Tc-99m Methylene-diphosphonates [Tc-99m MDP] used for skeletal scintigraphy. We aimed to establish whether fluid restriction in Tc-99m MDP skeletal scintigraphy has an impact on its quality. One hundred forty-four patients referred for skeletal scintigraphy were studied. Group 1 was well hydrated while group 2 was instructed not to drink till imaging. Image quality was assessed using quantitive measures where by the end of imaging, equal regions of interest (ROI) were drawn over the femoral diaphysis, and the contralateral adductor area. The total number of counts from the bone [B] ROI and soft tissue [ST] ROI was expressed as a ratio [B: ST ratio], and a mean value for each group was established. The image quality was also assessed without knowledge of individual’s water intake by a semiquantitative score. No statistically significant difference was found between the B:ST ratio means [P=0.46] and the semiquantitative scores [P=0.42] in both groups. Fluid restriction had no impact on the image quality in Tc-99m MDP skeletal scintigraphy though a higher radiation dose to the urinary bladder wall is anticipated.

Chronic daily headache (CDH) has gained little attention in functional neuro-imaging. When no structural abnormality is found in CDH, defining functional correlates between activated brain regions during headache bouts may provide unique insights towards understanding the pathophysiology of this type of headache. We recruited four CDH cases for comprehensive assessments, including history taking, physical examinations and neuropsychological evaluations (The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Evaluation, Beck’s Anxiety and Depression Inventories, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale). Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to self-rate the intensity of headache. Patients then underwent electroencephalography (EEG), transcranial Doppler (TCD) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) evaluations during maximal (VAS = 8-10/10) and off-headache (VAS = 0-3/10) conditions. Data were used to compare in both conditions. We also used BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) -group level activation map fMRI to possibly locate headache-related activated brain regions. General and neurological examinations as well as conventional MRIs were unremarkable. Neuropsychological assessments showed moderate anxiety and depression in one patient and minimal in others. Unlike three patients, maximal and off-headache TCD evaluation in one revealed increased middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity, at the maximal pain area. Although with no seizure history, the same patient’s EEG showed paroxysmal epileptic discharges during maximal headache intensity, respectively. Group level activation map fMRI showed activated classical pain matrix regions upon headache bouts (periaqueductal grey, substantia nigra and raphe nucleus), and markedly bilateral occipital lobes activation. The EEG changes were of note. Furthermore, the increased BOLD signals in areas outside the classical pain matrix (i.e. occipital lobes) during maximal headaches may suggest that activation of these areas can be linked to the increased neural activity or visual cortex hyperexcitability in response to visual stimuli. These findings can introduce new perspective towards more in-depth functional imaging studies in headaches of poorly understood pathophysiology.

Nuclear medicine imaging is routinely used for evaluation of perfusion and function of the transplanted kidneys. At present, the radiopharmaceutical of choice for this study in our center is Tc 99m-Ec. Complications of the kidney graft are demonstrable in the early and delayed images. One of these complications is vesicoureteral reflux to the graft or to the native kidneys. We present a 27 year old patient with elevated BUN and Cr ten days after kidney transplantation. He previously had failed renal transplantation due to rejection. Tc-99m EC renal scan revealed decreased perfusion and function suggesting acute rejection. In the late functional images (at 24 minute), vesicoureteral reflux to the previous non‑functioning graft was also noticed on the right side of the pelvis. We recommend considering vesicouretral reflux while interpreting renal transplant imaging since this can be easily mistaken with other complications such as urine leakage.

Several radiotracers are being used for sentinel node mapping in patients with breast cancer. In the current study, we reported our experience with 99m-Tc Phytate for sentinel node mapping in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. All breast cancer patients who underwent sentinel node mapping using 99m-Tc Phytate were included. All patients received intradermal peri-areolar injection of 0.5 mCi/0.1cc 99m-Tc Phytate. Lymphoscintiraphy was performed for 145 patients 5-10 minutes post-injection. The sentinel nodes were found during surgery using a hand-held gamma probe as well as blue dye technique. In total 165 patients were evaluated. Lymphoscintigraphy showed axillary sentinel nodes in 135 out of 145 patients (93%) following imaging. At least one sentinel node could be detected in all these 135 patients during surgery. In the remaining 10 patients with sentinel node non-visualization, 5 had sentinel node harvesting failure during surgery. Median number of sentinel nodes on the lymphoscintigraphy images was 1. Sentinel node detection rate was 95% (157/165). In the 8 patients with sentinel node harvesting failure, 7 had pathologically involved axilla. Median number of harvested sentinel nodes was 1. Mean sentinel node to background count ratio was 10±2. 99m-Tc Phytate is an effective and highly successful radiotracer for sentinel node mapping. Sentinel node can be visualized in a short time after 99m-Tc Phytate injection on the lymphoscintigraphy images. The sentinel to background count during surgery is high which results in more convenient sentinel node harvesting and high detection rate.

Genistein (GEN), a naturally occurring flavonoid present in soy bean, has attracted scientific interest for its possible benefits in cancer. The potential immunomodulatory effects of genistein on the immune system and against TC-1 tumor cell line were evaluated in adult female C57BL/6 mice. Mice were treated with GEN 10 days before to 10 days after the tumor induction. Thirty days after the last GEN treatment, lymphocyte proliferation, Lactase Dehydrogenase (LDH) cytolytic activity and cytokine secretion were analyzed in GEN and control groups. The results showed that ingestion of genistein significantly increased lymphocyte proliferation and LDH release. Furthermore, the treatment with genistein also caused a significant increment in interferon gamma (IFN-γ). In addition, the treatment achieved significant therapeutic effect in tumor models compared to the control group. These results indicated that the effect of GEN on tumor growth may be attributed to its effect on lymphocyte proliferation, cytolytic activity and IFN-γ production. These results demonstrate that GEN exerts an immunomodulatory effect in a mouse model of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) associatedcervical cancer.

We aimed to assess the magnitude of the problem of cardiovascular risk factors in hospitalized patients and to establish cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor profiles.
We selected 476 confirmed CVD patients by a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling technique in Tabriz Heart Center. After obtaining demographic information and performing physical examination, we measured biochemical parameters. Data were analyzed with SPSS 10.05, and p<0.05 was considered significant.
Obesity was the most common abnormality (93.5%), followed by diabetes mellitus (58.4%), low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (45.4%), low physical activity (41.6%), high total cholesterol (TC) (40.1%), high triglycerides (TG) (37.2%), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (30.7%), diastolic hypertension (28.4%), high systolic blood pressure (24.8%) and smoking (20%). Ninety-three percent, 43%, 16% and 5% of patients had one, two, three and four risk factors for CVD, respectively. The prevalence of lipid disorders in females was more than that in males, except for low HDL-c (p<0.05). Among the lipid profiles, only TG had a relationship with age (p<0.05). Obesity was accompanied by lipid profile abnormality, such that low serum levels of HDL-c and high levels of TG, TC and LDL-c were more common in obese patients (p<0.05).
This study revealed a high prevalence of risk factors in the CVD patients; thus modification of lifestyles is urgently needed