جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "testosterone" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Hormonal imbalances related to women's health, physical activity, and fluctuations are prevalent metabolic disorders in several nations and have significantly impacted women's health for an extended period. The application of individual or combined botanical extracts in traditional, alternative, and complementary medicine is employed to manage and alleviate these issues.

The objective of this study is to examine the suppressive properties of horehound (Marrubium vulgare L.) on pivotal hormones associated with feminine disorders.

The horehound plant was exposed to ultrasonic radiation while five different solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate, nhexane, acetone, and water) were used to extract its components. The individuals were isolated using high-performance thinlayer chromatography (HPTLC). The most powerful compounds were analyzed using a direct antioxidant assay (DPPH test) and a hormone inhibitory assay (Oestrogen, Progesterone, Estradiol, and Testosterone) on the HPTLC plate. The compounds that had a significant effect were then identified using LC-ESI/MSMS.

The antioxidant properties of the extracts and hormone inhibitors were evaluated, and the substances were separated from the HPTLC plate and analyzed using mass spectrometry. The results showed strong antioxidant capabilities, with an IC50 range of 8.24 - 12.42 μg/mL. Moreover, the plant extract showed beneficial effects on hormones associated with female health issues.

The extract was subjected to chemical and molecular analysis using the HPTLC technique, followed by LCESI/ MSMS. The study revealed the presence of vulgarole, marrubiin, and marrubenol chemicals.

Context: 

Sex hormones play a vital role in reproductive health and influence muscle function and metabolism. Exercise affects these hormones by raising testosterone levels and improving metabolic markers. However, the impact of team sports on female sex hormone levels remains understudied.

This review aims to systematically examine how sports like soccer, volleyball, basketball, and handball influence female sex hormone levels. Evidence Acquisition: This systematic review was conducted without any restrictions on language, publication date, or study type, based on the guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses [preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA)] on Google Scholar, PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases on June 22, 2024. The search strategy utilized a combination of keywords and their synonyms from MeSH and Emtree-controlled vocabulary, including "Sex Hormone", "testosterone", "cortisol", "team sport", and "women."

Among the 690 articles identified, 11 were selected and used based on the inclusion criteria. Studies have shown that football, netball, volleyball, and handball have varying effects on testosterone and cortisol levels in athletes. Football generally increases both hormone levels, whereas netball often raises cortisol and lowers the testosterone-to-cortisol ratio. Volleyball tends to increase testosterone significantly, though with fluctuating trends, whereas handball mainly raises cortisol without a significant change in testosterone levels.

Despite the limitations of the included studies, such as sample size, study design, data collection standards, reporting practices, and potential biases, this systematic review indicated that playing team sports like football, basketball (netball), volleyball, and handball can alter testosterone and cortisol levels in females. However, further research is needed to fully understand these hormonal changes' effects.

Cisplatin (DDP) resistance remains a primary cause of chemotherapy failure and recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Abnormal high microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) expression has been found in DDP-resistant NSCLC cells. This study aimed to explore the function and mechanism of MGST1 in DDP resistance of NSCLC cells.

The expression levels of target molecules were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Cell proliferation was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays. Ferroptosis was determined by malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), Fe2+, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The interaction between proteins was confirmed by Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). The effect of MGST1 on DDP resistance was evaluated using the tumor xenograft assay in vivo. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to measure Ki-67 and p-H2A.X expression in tumor tissues.

MGST1 expression was higher, while arachidonate lipoxygenase 5 (ALOX5) expression was lower in DDP-resistant NSCLC patients and cells. MGST1 ablation sensitized NSCLC cells to DDP therapy through inducing ferroptosis. MGST1 protein directly interacted with ALOX5 protein to restrain ALOX5-triggered ferroptosis. Ferroptosis inhibitor or sh-ALOX5 reversed the promotive effect of MGST1 silencing on the DDP sensitivity of NSCLC cells. Finally, MGST1 depletion sensitized NSCLC cells to DDP therapy in nude mice in vivo.

MGST1 high expression contributed to DDP resistance of NSCLC cells by inhibiting ALOX5-induced ferroptosis. Our results provide a potential therapeutic target for overcoming DDP resistance in NSCLC patients.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Accordingly, this study investigates the effect of oral capsules of cinnamon extract on the metabolic profile and hormonal status of women with PCOS.

This blinded randomized clinical trial was performed on 66 women with PCOS referred to the gynecology and infertility clinics in Tehran City, Iran from 2016 to 2017. Eligible women were randomly allocated into intervention (n=33) and placebo (n=33) groups. The oral capsule of 3 g cinnamon extract was taken once a day for 12 consecutive weeks by the intervention group and the placebo capsule was given in the same way to the control group. Before and 12 weeks after starting the intervention, blood tests were performed to measure fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin (FI), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, total testosterone (TT), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). The student t-test, paired t-test, chi-square test, and analysis of covariance were used to compare groups using the SPSS software, version 16. Meanwhile, P<0.05 were considered significant.

Consumption of cinnamon extract only leads to a significant decrease in TT level compared to placebo (P=0.001), and has no significant effect on FBS, FI, TG, total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, SHBG, and free androgen index (FAI).

Cinnamon extract at a dose of 3 g/day for 12 consecutive weeks could decrease TT in women with PCOS, and had no significant effects on metabolic and hormonal indicators in these women. Nevertheless, it is suggested that more studies be conducted with a larger sample size and various doses of cinnamon.

This study examines the aphrodisiac potentials of Acacia pycnantha in male Wistar rats, aiming at its effects on sexual behaviour, serum free testosterone and serum calcium concentrations.

A. pycnantha roots were extracted using ethanol. Twenty male rats, averagely weighing 250.44 ± 8.72 g, were divided into four groups of five rats per group. Group 1, which is the control received normal saline (vehicle), group 2, the positive control, received 5 mg/kg of Yohimbine; and groups 3 and 4 received 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of A. pycnantha, respectively. All test drugs were orally administered using an intragastric tube, and the treatment protocol lasted for 14 days. Sexual behaviour was assessed by measuring mounting frequency, intromission frequency, erection duration, and latency period. Serum-free testosterone and calcium concentrations were also measured. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test to compare means and Pearson’s correlation to determine relationships between hormone concentrations and sexual behaviour indices.

Both low and high doses of A. pycnantha significantly amplified mounting frequency, intromission frequency, and erection duration while decreasing the latency period compared to the control group, with the high-dose group showing the most prominent effects. Serum-free testosterone concentrations were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in both treated groups, with the high-dose group exhibiting the greatest increase. Additionally, serum calcium concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the treated groups, with the high-dose group showing the most substantial increase. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed strong positive correlations between testosterone concentrations and sexual behaviour parameters, and moderate to strong positive correlations between calcium concentrations and sexual behaviour parameters.

A. pycnantha demonstrated significant aphrodisiac activity by enhancing sexual behaviour, elevating serum-free testosterone concentrations, and increasing serum calcium concentrations in male Wistar rats.

Antioxidants reduce the harmful effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in sperm. Additionally, nanoliposomes can be used as an efficient new drug delivery system that mitigates the adverse effects of drugs. This study aimed to investigate the use of nanoliposomes for delivering drugs such as resveratrol, catalase, resveratrol-catalase, and testosterone to normozoospermic samples to minimize the side effects of ROS.

This study took place at Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute in Iran from October 2018 to December 2019. It involved 450 samples divided into three groups. Each of the 15 normozoospermic sperm samples collected from men was divided into 10 parts and analyzed in three groups: free drugs, nanoliposomes, and a control group. The study analyzed sperm parameters, PRM2 (Protamine 2) and HSP70 (heat shock proteins) expression, as well as sperm acrosome reaction and DNA fragmentation before and after freezing.

Nanoliposomes improved sperm motility and viability before freezing (P<0.05). Free resveratrol-catalase reduced motility before freezing (P<0.05). PRM2 and HSP70 expression were lower in the blank and testosterone nanoliposome groups (P<0.0001). After freezing, nanocarriers and free testosterone improved sperm motility (P<0.05). Resveratrol and testosterone-loaded nanoliposomes increased sperm viability (P<0.01). Nanoliposomes caused less sperm DNA damage (P>0.05). Free catalase reduced PRM2 and HSP70 expression (P<0.0001).

Nanoliposomes can be used as an efficient drug delivery system to decrease ROS production or their side effects. Additionally, during freezing, they improve sperm viability and reduce DNA damage.

The rising use of herbal medicines raises concerns about their safety and effectiveness. This case report involves a 55-year-old male who developed shortness of breath and chest discomfort after using herbal substances and sildenafil for erectile dysfunction and infertility. He was diagnosed with a massive acute pulmonary embolism (PE) via CT angiography and treated with alteplase, followed by oral apixaban after discharge. The herbal substances included carob, ginger, red ginseng, and others. This case highlights the need to investigate how herbal remedies may affect hormone balance and contribute to cardiovascular risks, particularly PE.

Melissa officinalis L. ( lemon balm) is one of the more widely cultivated medicinal and aromatic plants that has long been used in traditional medicine to treat many disorders. The present study investigates Melissa officinalis L. hydro-alcoholic extract regarding pituitary-gonadal axis in diabetic mice.

45 NMRI mice with a mean weight of 35.6±4.5 g were divided into five groups: control group (0.2 ml of physiological serum intraperitoneally injection), diabetic mice (without treatment), and three experiment groups (diabetic groups receiving 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of Melissa officinalis extract intraperitoneally injection). Melissa officinalis extract was injected intraperitoneally for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken to determine the biochemical indicators level (glucose, LH, FSH, and testosterone), and the left testicle was weighed and examined histologically.

The results showed that the lowest amount of glucose and the highest level of LH were observed in the treatment group at a dose of 100 mg/kg of Melissa officinalis extract. The highest level of FSH was observed at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Histological study of the testis showed a more favorable condition in the experimental group of 200 mg/kg of lemon balm extract (P<0.05).

It can be concluded that the use of Melissa officinalis extract is efficient in reducing glucose, improving the levels of LH, FSH, and testosterone in diabetic mice, affecting testicular weight, and improving testicular tissue indices and reproductive function of rats.

Andropause is a condition that affects men as they age, similar to menopause in women. Unfortunately, there is limited research on this topic in Iran, and many men are unfamiliar with this concept. To address this knowledge gap, a study was conducted to investigate the attitudes and awareness of andropause among men over the age of 40 in Ardakan City.

This study was conducted on 281 men aged over 40 years from Ardakan city in 2019. The sampling method used was cluster sampling and data were collected through a researcher-developed questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed, using SPSS software version 18 and the statistical methods of variance, Pearson correlation, and regression were used. 

Men have a low level of awareness about andropause, and their attitude towards it is negative. The study found that the mean score of participants’ awareness about andropause was significantly impacted by age groups (P <0.05), education level (P <0.05) and occupation (P <0.05). In terms of attitude towards andropause, the mean score was significantly impacted by age groups (P <0.05) and occupation (P <0.05), but not by education level (P >0.05). The Pearson correlation coefficient shows that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between the mean score of awareness and the score of attitude.

The low awareness and negative attitudes towards andropause among men in Ardakan City emphasize the need for more education and awareness on this topic. Providing men with accurate information about the symptoms, causes, and management of andropause is crucial to help them make informed decisions regarding their health. By addressing the knowledge gap and promoting positive attitudes towards andropause, healthcare providers can enhance the overall well-being of men in this age group.

Most individuals who suffer from spinal cord injury (SCI) experience neuropathic pain, which currently has no effective treatment. In this study, we examined how testosterone affects neuropathic pain resulting from SCI. 

We administered three different doses of testosterone (4, 8, 16 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) to male rats after an electrolytic lesion of the spinothalamic tract. We then conducted behavioral tests, including open field and von Frey tests, within 28 days post-SCI. On day 28 after SCI, we analyzed spinal tissue using western blot to measure the levels of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK1/2), and p-P38 at the injury site. 

The results showed that testosterone significantly improved both motor activity and mechanical allodynia compared to the SCI-only group. Testosterone also inhibited microglia and astrocyte activation. Furthermore, testosterone significantly decreased p-P38 and p-ERK levels.  

The findings indicate that testosterone may alleviate SCI-induced neuropathic pain by inhibiting the activation of astrocytes and microglia, as well as suppressing MAPK signaling pathways.

Zinc and vitamin E affect the metabolism of testosterone and inflammatory factors. We aimed to evaluate the effect of zinc and vitamin E supplementation on plasma testosterone levels and inflammatory markers in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

This study was a secondary analysis of a previously published randomized controlled trial in a subsample of male patients undergoing CABG surgery. Patients in the zinc-vitamin E group (n = 27) received oral zinc (120 mg) and vitamin E (1200 international units) one day prior to surgery, followed by 30 mg of zinc and 200 units of vitamin E per day for three weeks after surgery. Patients in the control group (n = 25) received a placebo. Plasma levels of total testosterone, cortisol, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and white blood cell toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) gene expression were determined at three-day and three-week intervals following surgery. Changes in these markers were analyzed using a repeated-measures analysis of variance.

A comparison of the groups revealed no significant difference in the concentration of plasma total testosterone levels (P = 0.059) or cortisol. Three weeks following the surgical procedure, a positive correlation was observed between the change in plasma zinc concentrations and the change in plasma testosterone levels (r = 0.32; P = 0.025). The administration of zinc and vitamin E supplements resulted in a reduction in plasma IL-6 levels on postoperative day 3 (P = 0.025), while no significant effect was observed in week 3 (P = 0.091). The expression of the TLR-4 gene in WBCs was found to be lower in the zinc-vitamin E group compared to the placebo group on day 3 (P = 0.051) and week 3 (P = 0.025).

The administration of zinc and vitamin E to patients undergoing CABG was associated with a relative improvement in postoperative inflammatory markers. Plasma zinc levels demonstrated a correlation with testosterone levels, suggesting a potential avenue for further research in these patients.

Claims have been made that more sexual liberalism in society than what generally existed in human history is necessary to promote societal tranquility and reduce violence. This research was conducted to investigate the real relationship between sexual behavior and aggression based on scientific data especially from the perspective of physiological psychology. The present study investigates the hypothesis that unrestrained sexual behavior leads to an escalation of behavior, rather than satiation, and aggression rather than calmness.

This study employed a theoretical review methodology and drew upon previous findings from neuropsychology, psychophysiology, laboratory research, and field studies.

The study's results indicate that uncontrolled sexual behavior can lead to an increase in Sexual desire instead of sexual satisfaction. This increase may be due to a positive feedback loop between the nervous and hormonal systems, specifically the Medial Preoptic Area (MPA) and testosterone. Experimental findings suggest that this physiological process may result in aggressive behavior.

This paper establishes that the intensification of sexual behaviors leads to increased violence and aggression in society, ultimately elevating levels of public insecurity. Therefore, limiting sexual behavior within the framework of the relationship of married couples may serve as a moderating factor for this phenomenon.

 We aimed to evaluate the effect of treatment with testosterone with and without bisphosphonates on bone density in patients with thalassemia major.

This Quasi-experimental study was performed on patients with thalassemia major. Four groups were included in the study 1: patients with hypogonadism who were treated with testosterone and alendronate (HTA group, n=11), 2: patients with hypogonadism who were treated with testosterone (HT group, n=12), 3: patients with hypogonadism who did not receive any treatment (H group, n=5), and 4: patients without hypogonadism who were treated with alendronate (NHA group, n=10). The status of bone density was assessed before and after interventions and compared across the study groups.

A total of 38 subjects with mean age of 22.46 ± 4.64 years were investigated.The mean difference of Z score of the lumbar region before and after the intervention in the four groups was -1.65±0.65, -26±0.48, 0.00±0.00 and -0.32±0.21 respectively, that there was a significant difference between the four groups (P < 0.001). The mean difference of Z score of the hip region before and after the intervention in the four groups were -1.35±0.58, -57±0.37, 0.00±0.00 and -0.32±0.21 respectively, that there was a significant difference between the four groups (P < 0.001).

Adding bisphosphonates to testosterone in thalassemia patients with hypogonadism will improve bone density as well as reduce pain intensity in these patients. Also, administration of bisphosphonates in thalassemia patients without hypogonadism can be very effective in improving bone density and bone pain in these patients.

In endemic malarial nations, repeated use of antimalarial drugs has increased due to resistance, misuse, and unrestricted availability, which could contribute to infertility rates. Therefore, we investigated the effects of long-term repeated treatment with two commonly prescribed artemisinin-based combination therapies, artemether/lumefantrine (A/L) and artesunate-amodiaquine (A/A), on reproductive potential in mice. 

Sixty male mice were divided into three groups: control, A/L, and A/A treatment.  Mice underwent treatment for three consecutive days per week, and this regimen was repeated every two weeks for a total of six cycles. Sperm parameters were evaluated after the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 6th exposure cycles, after which treated male mice were paired with female mice for mating.

Sperm viability was significantly reduced by 21% (P<0.001) following the 6th exposure to A/L, whereas the 2nd, 3rd, and 6th exposures to A/A resulted in significant decreases in sperm viability of 26% (P<0.001), 12% (P<0.01), and 31% (P<0.001), respectively, compared to the control group. Treatment with A/A during the 3rd and 6th periods led to a significant decline (P<0.001) in sperm mass activity by 20% and 28%, respectively, compared to the control group. However, long-term therapeutic exposure to A/L or A/A did not affect testosterone levels, epididymal content, or the ability to impregnate female mice.

Long-term treatment with A/L or A/A did not affect testosterone levels or epididymal content. However, a decrease in sperm viability was observed, even though the mice remained fertile.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder among women of reproductive age. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the effect of evening primrose oil (EPO) (Oenothera biennis) in adolescent girls with PCOS. In the current double-blind and randomized controlled research, 76 patients completed the study in two groups (38 in the placebo and 38 in the EPO groups). The patients were asked to take oral placebo or EPO (1000 mg/day) for 12 weeks. Biochemical, clinical, and ultrasonography assessments were performed. The data was analyzed using SPSS statistical software. After the intervention, the regulation of the menstrual cycle in the EPO group was different from that of the placebo group (p=0.04). The levels of insulin, testosterone, and free androgen index (FAI) in the EPO group were lower than those of the placebo group (p<0.05). The sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels in the EPO group were higher than those of the placebo group (p=0.01). While the number of immature follicles decreased in the EPO group, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.8). Overall, EPO administration for 12 weeks in young women with PCOS regulated the irregular menstrual cycle. In addition, the levels of insulin, testosterone, FAI, and SHBG changed. Therefore, EPO may be effective in improving hormonal and menstrual irregularities.

Prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can lead to structural damage and CNS dysfunction. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of prenatal administration of pycnogenol (PYC) against the negative effects of bacterial LPS on anxiety-like behavior, gonadotropin and sex hormone serum levels, and sperm quality and quantity in the adult male offspring of NMRI mice.

Pregnant mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 per group): 1. Saline group: received a single dose of saline as solvent of pycnogenol by gavage for 3 days on gestation days 16-18. 2. LPS group: received a single dose of LPS (20 µg/kg, subcutaneously) on gestation day 20. 3. PYC: received 200 mg/kg/day of pycnogenol by gavage for 3 days, intraperitoneally, on gestation days 16-18. 4. LPS + PYC: received a single dose of LPS (20 μg/kg) on gestation day 20 and pycnogenol (200 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 3 days on gestation days 16-18. After maturity/puberty in male pups (60 days old), the anxiety-like behavior test was performed. After the behavioral test, serum levels of gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone, LH, follicle stimulating hormone, FSH), testosterone hormone and sperm quality were assessed.

LPS administration increased anxiety-like behaviors and decreased serum LH and testosterone levels; however, PYC treatment reversed the negative effects of LPS to normal levels.

PYC treatment improves anxiety-like behavior and gonadotropin and testosterone secretions. Therefore, this substance can be used as a protectant and an aphrodisiac agent.