جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « thymus daenensis » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Today, the use of medicinal plants such as T. daenensis as a complementary and effective treatment method to control and inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms is increasing all over the world. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effects of T. daenensis essential oil (EO) and its nanocapsulated against some pathogenic bacteria isolated from aquatic and food samples.

In this experimental research, T. daenensis was collected in June 2023 in Shahrekord City. The EO of the dried aerial part of the plant was obtained by using a Clevenger device (steam distillation). The components in the EO were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-Mass). T. daenensis EO nanocapsules were prepared using Tween 20, Tween 80 as emulsifier, polyethylene glycol as a co-solvent, acidic chitosan solution (1%), and modified starch (5%) as a coating. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used to confirm their structure. Antimicrobial properties against Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from aquatic samples (fish and lobster) and various foods (raw milk, traditional ice cream and mutton, beef, chicken) were investigated by disc diffusion method, determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and bactericidal (MBC) by microdilution method. Also, the prevention of biofilm formation was investigated.

The main components of the T. daenensis EO were thymol (75.31 percent), 8 p-Cymene (4.62 percent), carvacrol (4.2 percent), trans-cayophyllene (3.01 percent), terpenine (2.01 percent) and beta- myrcin (1.21 percent), respectively. TEM and DLS methods confirmed the structure of the T. daenensis EO nanocapsules. The size of nanocapsules was between 50 and 90 nm. The MIC amounts for the mentioned bacteria were between 62.5 and 250 μg/ml. The lowest MIC value for P. mirabilis, S. aureus, and K. pneumoniae was reported with a concentration of 62.5 μg/ml of T. daenensis EO nanocapsule. Also, the amounts of MBC for the mentioned bacteria were between 125 and 1000 µg/ml. According to the obtained results, the MIC and MBC levels for all mentioned bacteria against T. daenensis EO nanocapsule were lower than the EO alone (P<0.05). According to the results, with the increase in the concentration of EO, the diameter of the non-growth halo increased, while these results were not the same for T. daenensis EO nanocapsule. In all bacteria except S. aureus, the diameter of the non-growth halo for different concentrations of EO was greater than that of T. daenensis EO nanocapsule. The inhibition percentage of biofilm production was also reported 100% at 125 and 250 μg/ml of T. daenensis EO nanocapsule, except for K. pneumonia. In all concentrations of T. daenensis EO nanocapsule, the percentage of bacteria biofilm reduction was significantly higher than the EO alone (P<0.05).

Based on the findings of the study, the T. daenensis EO nanocapsule had more antibacterial properties than EO alone. It is suggested that future studies for the toxicology of T. daenensis EO nanocapsule on normal and cancerous cells be done iv-vitro. In addition, to apply it in the food industry, experimental studies on food models should also be conducted

Liver disease is one of the major problems in human societies today. Effective drug treatment for these disorders is of interest to researchers and physicians worldwide due to their polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds, they have high antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to determine and investigate the hepatoprotective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Thymus vulgaris on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. 

In this experimental study, 40 Wistar rats weighing 220-250 g were randomly divided into five groups of eight. One group was treated as control and the other four groups were induced by hepatotoxic carbon tetrachloride. Of these four groups, one group received orally 400 mg / kg, 800 mg / kg / day of rat powder in the other three groups, respectively. 45 days after study in all groups, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes, as well as serum total protein, albumin, and bilirubin concentrations were measured using aqueous acid test and data were analyzed using ANOVA.

Total protein, total albumin and bilirubin concentration in the negative control group were not significantly different from the positive control group (p> 0.05), but the liver enzyme activity was significantly different (p <0.05). Hepatic enzyme activity in group II and bilirubin in group III showed a better decrease.

The results of this study show that the extract of Thymus vulgaris has protective effects against carbon damages caused by carbon tetrachloride.

Hyperlipidemia and high level of serum total cholesterol are risk factors contributing to prevalence and severity of cardiovascular complications like coronary heart diseases. Lamiaceae plants have terpenoids and flavonoids can reduce triglyceride and cholesterol, therefore. This study was done to evaluate the effect of feeding with essential oil of Thymus deanensis Celak. on lipid profile, blood urea and liver enzymes in hyperchlostrolemic male Wistar rats. This experimental study was performed on 36 male Wistar rats. Animals were randomly divided into 6 groups (there were 6 rats in each groups). The groups including control, sham, two groups receiving 200 and 500 ppm Thymus deanensis essential oil and hyperchlostrolemia groups treated with doses of 200 and 500 ppm of Thymus deanensis essential oil. Hyperchlostrolemia was induced by giving high cholesterol (2%) and sweet almond oil (97.5%) diet. The animals were treated for 32 days with essential oil of the thyme. At the end of the 32-day trial, blood sampling was performed. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, urea and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) liver enzymes were measured. The level of ALT and AST in hypercholesterolemia rats were significantly increased in comparison with the control group (P˂0.05). Thymus daenensis essential oil significantly reduced level of triglycerides and cholesterol (P˂0.05). The high dose of Thymus daenensis (500 ppm) essential oil more than a low dose (200 ppm) significantly reduced the level of cholesterol and triglyceride (P˂0.05). Blood urea nitrogen significantly increased in hypercholesterolemia group in compare to control group (P˂0.05). After the administration of essential oil with a minimum and maximum dose in hypercholesterolemia rats, the level of urea in the blood significantly decreased (P˂0.05). The level of ALT and AST in hypercholesterolemia rats significantly increased in comparison with the control group (P˂0.05). AST level significantly reduced in the groups of rats which received minimal and maximal doses compared to the group hypercholesterolemia (P˂0.05). By lowering blood lipids, urea and liver enzymes after the use of essential oils, it seems that the Thymus daenensis dose-dependent is effective in improving liver function, kidney and high level of  lipid.

The genus Thymus is a perennial and aromatic plant and belongs to Lamiaceae family. The essential oils of these plants are used for the treatment of mouth and throat mucosal inflammation, catarrh and respiratory disorders and as antioxidant and antiseptic. The purpose of this study was to compare chemical composition of the essential oils derived from aromatic waters of three thyme species cultivated in Semnan and to investigate the antioxidant properties of aromatic waters and the essential oils. These three species are used in manufacturing of thyme aromatic water in Iranian market. In this study, aerial parts of three cultivated species, Thymus vulgaris, Thymus daenensis and Thymus kotschyanus were collected from Semnan natural resources research field in Shahmirzad. At first, the aromatic waters of dried plants were extracted by water distillation method, and then the essential oils of the aromatic waters were isolated using pentane and analyzed by GC/MS. Then antioxidant activities of thyme waters and the derived essential oils were evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging method. Thymol was the major component of the derived essential oils of two species Thymus vulgaris (38.36 %) and Thymus daenensis (56.82 %), while α-terpinyl acetate (31.06 %) was the main ingredient of the essential oil of Thymus kotschyanus. The most antioxidant activity was observed in the essential oil and aromatic water of Thymus daenensis. Chemical composition of the essential oils derived from aromatic water of three thyme species used in manufacturing of thyme water in Iranian market were completely different and it can affect the effectiveness of aromatic thyme water.

Antibiotic resistant phenotypes of bacteria have been shown to be related to efflux pumps. Research for finding compounds with an ability to inhibit these pumps seems worthwhile due to their ability to increase bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics or return sensitivity to resistant strains. The aim of this study was to evaluate inhibitory effect of Thymus daenensis essential oil (EO) on NorA efflux pump of staphylococcus aureus.
Thymus daenensis essential oil was extracted from dried thyme leaves by hydrodistillation method and then the effect of the essential oil on bacterial efflux pump was evaluated using ethidium bromide-agar cartwheel method with respect to bacterial efflux capacity of ethidium bromide. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Thymus daenensis essential oil was measured using microdilution test followed by the evaluation of the effect of sub-MIC concentration of essential oil on fluoroquinolone antibiotics. The efflux level of ethidium bromide, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin (substances transmitted by NorA) was considered as the NorA efflux pump activity.
The cartwheel method showed that Thymus daenensis essential oil could reduce the bacterial efflux capacity of ethidium bromide. The results of checkerboard test indicated that the interactions between sub-MIC concentration of the essential oil and ethidium bromide, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin were totally synergistic.
Synergistic effect of Thymus daenensis essential oil with the other components demonstrated the potential of Thymus daenensis to enhance the antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolone antibiotics against staphylococcus aureus. As these antibiotics are effluxed by NorA pump, this increased sensitivity to antibiotics is possibly due to NorA efflux pump inhibitors.

Anti microbial properties of Thyme extract and essence various microbes have been tested and approved. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial properties of the essence of this plant in heated and minced beef. At first، property effect of this plant essence on Escherichia coli bacteria was tested in Muller Hinton media by well-assay method. After the assurance of this property، the essence of this plant was tested on heated and minced beef. Beef was minced and heated by autoclave set and then cooled and inoculated by Escherichia coli bacteria. Sampling and dilution of these dishes were done and tested in blood agar media for 12 days، once every two days. The gathered data was analyzed by using the SPSS software. it was observed that thyme daenensis essence had preservative effect on Escherichia coli bacteria and decreased the multiplicity of these bacteria compared to the control group. Moreover، the Nisin sodium chloride showed no synergist property on preservative effect of thymus daenensis essence. the thymus daenensis could decrease the multiplicity of Escherichia coli bacteria on minced beef.

Recent researches have been done on effects of plant growth regulators (PGR) on growth and production of different crops whose results indicate the effectiveness of most of these hormones on qualitative and quantitative growth of herbs. The application of regulators and inhibitors of growth on herbs may, in addition to growth, also lead to secondary metabolites stimulation. Jasmonic acid (JA) and its volatile methyl ester (MJ) collectively termed jasmonates, are regarded as endogenous regulators that play important roles in regulating stress responses, plant growth and development. This study was carried out to survey the effect of spraying of jasmonic acid (JA) on T. daenensis Celak in Shahrekord, Southwest Iran at 2010-2011. A pot experiment was conducted in a CRD with six treatments and seven replications. The treatments including I: distilled water (control), II: distilled water and solution (acetone), III-VI: JA in various concentrations (50, 100, 200 and 400 µM). The treatments were applied before flowering stage. The aerial parts were characterized by Clevenger approach and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. Results of analysis of variance of the experiment showed that different levels of the foliar application of JA do have significant impacts on chemical constitutes in the essential oil of T. daenensis. Various concentrations of foliar application of JA caused decrease or increase some of secondary metabolites in essential oil. In comparison with other treatments, there is a significant difference between amount of thymol and carvacrol, as two main compounds in essential oil of T. daenensis, having 100 µM JA. The application of acetone solvent with distilled water also caused the increase in some of constitutes of the essential oil. In metabolic cultivation, for producing a special metabolite, the main agronomic and processing management should be regarded in order to increase the rate of essence and metabolites. Finally, some of secondary metabolite production in Thymus daenensis Celak could be partially changed by supplementation of different elicitors such as JA.

Deanaie thyme (Thymus daenensis Celak.), a member of the Lamiaceae family.  Thymus in one of the most important medicinal and aromatic plants that was used in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetics hygienic industries in most of developed countries. Recent studies have showed that thyme have strong antibacterial, antifungal, spasmolytic and antioxidant activities. This experiment was done in a random block design with three replications conducted in field of Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan (Isfahan) 2010. Treatment phonological stages such as: before flowering stage; at beginning of flowering stage; 50% flowering stage; at full flowering stage and at fruit set stage The results obtained in our study, showed that effects phonological stages had very significant effect (p<0.01) on plant height, diameter, fresh and dry herb weight and thymol percentage. The highest plant height (31.83 cm) and highest plant diameter (38.50 cm) were at the fruit set stage. The highest fresh herb weight (10621 kg/ha) and the highest dry herb weight (4243 kg/ha) was at the fruit set stage. The lowest Fresh herb weight (5545 kg/ha) and the lowest dry herb weight (2035 kg/ha) was at the before flowering stage. The highest essential oil content (1.41%) was extracted at the 50% flowering stage. The highest thymol content (84.1%) was extracted at the before flowering stage. According to the findings of this research, the fruit set stage can be introduce as a the most appropriate time of harvesting for gaining the highest function of wet and dry Thymus daenensis, but for achieving to highest rate of thymol , the flowering stage can be recommended.