جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "tnf" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Cells and secreted molecules by the innate immune system are the essential factors in the pathogenesis and determining the severity of inflammation in COVID-19 patients. Severe inflammation results from increased activity of neutrophils, macrophages, and other cells with their products. Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) increases the severity and pathogenesis of the disease caused by the virus. Phagocytes are armed with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), that upon stimulation by proinflammatory cytokines augment an immune response against pathogens.

Two groups of patients were included with COVID-19 infection from the intensive care unit (ICU, n=52) and (non-ICU-care, n=54). Blood samples were collected to measure cells and serum parameters, including lymphocytes, neutrophils, platelet counts, accompanied with C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, TNF- and iNOS levels.

In the ICU group, increased white blood cells (p=0.048), decreased lymphocytes (p=0.0007), increased neutrophils (p=0.001), decreased platelets, increase serum levels for lactate dehydrogenase (p =0.0001), c-reactive protein (p=0.003), TNF- (p=0.018), and iNOS (p=0.008) were statistically obtained. Positive correlations were calculated between TNF- and iNOS (r=0.65, p=0.0002) and with c-reactive protein (r=0.52, p=0.003) and with lactate dehydrogenase (r=0.68, p=0.0001).

Inflammation due to macrophages and neutrophils activity in COVID-19 patients and increased mediators correlate with disease progression. It seems that control of the cell activity and their inflammatory cytokines would be considered for therapeutic goals. Changing the polarization of inflammatory macrophages to anti-inflammatory macrophages with therapeutic applications could prevent the severity of the provocative course of the disease.

Systematic inflammations are associated with cardiovascular diseases. The production of inflammatory mediators increases in a sedentary lifestyle and reduces with regular exercise.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of eight weeks of spinning workout and green tea supplementation on the anti-inflammatory and inflammatory markers and body composition of overweight women.

This study was conducted on 32 overweight women who voluntarily participated in the research and were randomly assigned to the groups of spinning-green tea (SP-GT; n = 11), spinning-placebo (SP-PL; n = 11), and control (no exercise/placebo; n = 10). The experimental groups carried out eight weeks of spinningworkout three days a week non-consecutively with the intensity of 11 - 17 rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin- 10 (IL-10) were measured before the intervention and 48 hours after the last training session. In addition, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%) were measured.

After eight weeks of the intervention, BMI, BF%, and TNF- significantly reduced in the SP-GT and SP-PL groups (P0.05). Although the change in IL-6 was not significant in the intervention groups (P > 0.05), it significantly increased in the control group (P = 0.011). Moreover, a significant increase was observed in IL-10 in the SP-GT and SP-PL groups (P = 0.001).

According to the results, spinning workout improved the inflammatory markers and body composition independent of supplementation, while green tea had a greater effect on IL-10. Therefore, spinning workout could be used for the prevention of cardiovascular risk factors through the improvement of systematic inflammation.

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy affecting about 2-10% pregnancies worldwide. mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-), Fas, and FasL have been reported to be altered in placental bed in preeclamptic pregnancies. We hypothesized that the expression of these genes is also altered in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in preeclampsia.

To compare the expression of Fas receptor and related genes in PBMCs of preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women.

A cross-sectional comparative study comprising of 18 cases and 18 controls was designed. 5 ml of venous blood was drawn and collected considering aseptic measures. Buffy coat was separated by centrifugation and stored at -20°C. Favor Prep total RNA Isolation Kit (Favorgen, Taiwan) was used for RNA extraction. The mRNA expression of TNF-, Fas, and FasL was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction in PBMCs in preeclamptic and normal pregnancies.

A significant increase in mRNA expression of TNF-, Fas, and FasL (p ≤ 0.001) was observed in PBMCs of preeclamptic pregnancies compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, a significant positive correlation was found between the TNF- mRNA expression and Fas and FasL (p ≤ 0.001).

The results lead to the conclusion that mRNA expression of TNF-, Fas, and FasL in the maternal PBMCs is altered in preeclamptic pregnancies and might contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.

Acute liver damage, inflammation and oxidative stress are underlying tissue necrosis and development of ciroces. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Satureja bakhtiarica extract on acute liver disease induced by the thioacetamide and TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines level. 
Experimental: In experimental study, 36 Wistar rats were selected and divided into 6 groups of 6. The amount of 0.03g thioacetamide dissolved in 1ml of distilled water and injected intraperitoneally to all mice except of control group twice a week and for a period of three weeks. Negative control group received only thioacetamide and the other group received 8mg/kg sibilin by gavage in addition to thioacetamide. After injection of thioacetamide, the experimental groups were treated with doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/ml extracts of S. bakhtiaricafor two weeks. Peripheral blood samples were taken from rat hearts. Then TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines levels were measured by Elisa method. Histopathological changes of liver also were examined. Data analysis was performed with SPSS ver. 20. The results showed a significant difference in TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines between groups (p<0.001). Mean concentration of TNF-α and IL-6 in the groups treated with the doses of 5(P = 0.002, P <0.001), 10 (P= 0.010, P <0.001) and 20 mg/ ml (P <0.001, P <0.001) of S. bakhtiaricaca significantly decreased compared with group treated with thioacetamide. Histopathological results also supported dose dependent protective effect of S. bakhtiaricaca. S. bakhtiaricacaextract has anti-inflammatory properties that can reduce the toxicity of thiouzamide by reducing the levels of TNF and IL-6 cytokines as pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Recommended applications/industries:Regarding that the use of herbal medicines to treat many diseases are on the rise, hydroalcholic extract of Satureja bachtiarica due to having antioxidant properties can be used to treat liver disease with drug therapy.

Context: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multi-factorial disease with several genetic and environmental factors known to be associated with the disease. Tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α) acts on fat cells associated with increased insulin resistance and obesity and its increase can be associated with the prevalence of T2DM. Previous studies on the relationship between 308 G/A polymorphism in TNF-α and T2DM were not conclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between 308 G/A polymorphism in TNF-α gene and T2DM using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evidence Acquisitions: In this systematic review we searched all published studies about the association between TNF 308 G/A polymorphism and T2DM through databases such as Scopus, Science direct, PubMed and Google scholar. A fixed or random effect model was used on the basis of heterogeneity. The heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 index. We used STATA software (version 11.2) for data analysis.
In 22 selected papers, the total number of T2DM and control subject was 8485 and 8615, respectively. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals(CI) for the GG genotype polymorphism 308 G/A in total, Asian populations and whites (Caucasian) were estimated as OR=0.98 (95% CI: 0.96-1.00), OR=0.96 (95% CI: 0.93 to 0.99) and OR=1.00 (95% CI: 0.97 to 1.40). The Publication Bias/or heterogeneity was observed in this study.
The present investigation have shown that 308 G/A polymorphism GG and GA genotypes in TNF-α gene cannot be considered as predictors of T2DM (P

Inflammation has a crucial role in the progression of cardiovascular disease in diabetes. Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as an inflammatory marker induces angiotensin II (Ang II) related hypertension pathway in diabetic patients. Gut modulation via prebiotics may ameliorate hypertension caused by inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of sodium butyrate (NaBut) and inulin supplements on inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in type 2 diabetic patients.
In this clinical trial, 60 overweight and obese diabetic patients were recruited and randomly allocated into four groups. The groups received, respectively, 600 mg/d NaBut (group A), 10 g/d inulin powder (group B), both inulin and NaBut (group C), or placebo (group D) for 45 consecutive days. Blood and stool samples were collected at baseline and after intervention. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis targeting the 16S rRNA gene of Akkermansia muciniphila was done. We assessed the TNF-α mRNA expression and the serum levels of the high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and malondialdehyde (MDA).
There was a significant increase in A. muciniphila percent change in inulin and butyrate supplemented groups (P  Intervention had significant effects on inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters and led to improvement of hypertension. However, further investigations are needed to make concise conclusions.

A library of eighteen amide containing Schiffs bases has been synthesized and screened for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antinociceptive activities. The compound 2 (COX-1 IC50 = 63.23 µM; COX-2 IC50 = 1.80 µM; SI = 35.12) exhibited potent selective COX-2 inhibition as compared to indomethacin (COX-1 IC50 = 3.60 µM; COX-2 IC50 = 7.50 µM; SI = 0.48). The compounds 2 and 7 reduced the COX-2 level to 7.5 ±0.35 nmole/min/ml and 6.8 ± 0.32nmole/min/ml respectively. The compounds 6 exhibited reduced the TNF-α level to 3.36 ± 0.18pg/ml. The compounds 2, 6, 7, 13 and 17 did not induce any gastric ulceration in comparison to the standard drug indomethacin.

Lavender is used in herbal medicine for different therapeutic purposes. Nonetheless, potential therapeutic effects of this plant in ischemic heart disease and its possible mechanisms remain to be investigated.
In this experimental study, lavender oil at doses of 200, 400 or 800 mg/kg was administered through gastric gavage for 14 days before infarct-like myocardial injury (MI). The carotid artery and left ventricle were cannulated to record arterial blood pressure (BP) and cardiac function. At the end of experiment, the heart was removed and histopathological alteration, oxidative stress biomarkers as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) level were evaluated.
Induction of M.I caused cardiac dysfunction, increased levels of lipid peroxidation, TNF-α and troponin I in heart tissue (P Our finding showed that lavender oil has cardioprotective effect through inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory pathway in the rat model with infarct-like MI. We suggest that lavender oil may be helpful in prevention or attenuation of heart injury in patients with high risk of myocardial infarction and/or ischemic heart disease.

Exercise training and supplementation have different effects on the immune system. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of ginger supplementation and endurance training on serum levels of Interleukin 1 alpha (IL1α) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) in untrained young women.
The study was performed on 32 untrained young women with mean age of 30±2 years from city of Abbas Abad, in 2014. The participants were randomly assigned into four groups of endurance training (E), endurance training and ginger supplementation (EG), ginger supplementation (G) and control (C). Endurance training was performed at 60-70% heart rate reserve for six weeks, three times a week, and for 60 minutes per session. Daily supplementation with 10 mg/Kg/day of ginger extract was carried out. T-test and ANOVA were used to evaluate the effect of independent variables, and make comparisons between the groups.
The mean level of IL-1α decreased significantly after the training period in the G and EG groups. There were significant differences between E and EG groups and EG and C groups. The results of intergroup comparison showed that the mean levels of TNFα decreased significantly after the training in the E, G and EG groups. There were significant differences between E and EG groups, E and G groups, EG and C groups, and G and C groups.
Ginger consumption and adaptation to endurance training can counteract the negative effects on immune function and stability of mast cell membrane.

Inflammatory responses and innate immunologic reactions play an important role in the respiratory system. Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is considered a novel method in the evaluation and reconditioning of donor lungs prior to transplantation. However, EVLP’s effect on inflammatory and metabolic markers of human lung tissue is unknown. This study investigated how the performance of EVLP on brain-dead (BD) donor lungs affects the production and release of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a), inflammatory cells and toll-like receptors (TLR) -2, 4. This study was conducted with an animal subject for qualification of EVLP team and then EVLP was performed on 4 human cases referred to Masih Daneshvari Hospital (Tehran,Iran), from May 2013 to July 2015. Two of these cases, who had acceptable lung function parameters, were enrolled in this study for immunologic investigations. Bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) were taken before and after EVLP. Cytokines were quantitatively measured before lung retrieval, at the end of the lung removal, at the start of EVLP, and at the end of the each hour of EVLP. TLR expression was measured on the cells obtained by flow cytometry. TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-8 decreased in each stage of washing perfusate in both cases, and the level of cytokines in serum was in the normal range. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a decreasing expression of CD3, CD4/8, CD19, and CD16, as well as TLR-2 and TLR-4 in both cases. Intra-capillary pools of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a) were determined to contribute to the lung injury during prolonged lung perfusion. This raises the possibility that EVLP donor lungs could be less immunogenic than standard lungs. However, to assess EVLP’s effects on lung grafts and optimize recipient outcomes, further studies with a sufficient number of lungs are required.

Effects of petroleum ether and ethanolic extracts of Trichilia monadelpha stem bark (PEE and EAE) on compound 48/80-induced systemic and passive anaphylaxis were determined. Survival rate, extravasation, degranulation of mast cells, and secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured after pre-treatment with extracts (10-100 mg/kg) and disodium chromoglycate (2.5-250 µg/kg) and induction of anaphylaxis in C57BL/6 mice or Sprague-Dawley rats with compound 48/80. Histopathological assessments were made from skin biopsies of rats. Data was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier Survival Log-Rank Analysis, or One-way ANOVA and Holm-Sidak’s post hoc test. PEE and EAE inhibited (P ≤ 0.0001) tremors in systemic anaphylaxis passive cutaneous anaphylactic reactions and extravasation, stabilized or prevented (P ≤ 0.001-0.0001) mast cell degranulation, and inhibited (P ≤ 0.001-0.0001) TNF-α and IL-6 secretion. Per the findings, PEE and EAE of T. monadelpha have exhibited substantial anti-anaphylactic and anti-inflammatory property (with PEE performing better) which substantiates its use traditionally in management of allergies and other inflammatory disorders.
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