جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « unicompartmental knee arthroplasty » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is an increasingly common procedure. Patients with persistent or new postoperative pain can present a challenge for surgeons to accurately diagnose and treat. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of the presentation, diagnosis, and management of the various pathologies contributing to pain after UKA. The most common causes of a painful UKA include aseptic component loosening and progression of osteoarthritis. Both of these conditions may be treated with either revision UKA or conversion to total knee arthroplasty. While technically challenging, these procedures are often associated with favorable outcomes. Other causes of pain after UKA include infection, atraumatic tibial component subsidence, periprosthetic fracture and malalignment. Careful clinical, radiographic, and laboratory evaluation is therefore critical to accurately identify the source of pain and guide appropriate management.  Level of evidence: V

Obesity is associated with a greater prevalence of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Obese patients are thought to have worse outcomes following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA).The aim is to compare clinical and functional outcomes of UKA in obese to non-obese patients. A systematic review on six databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and CENTRAL) from inception through July 2020 was performed. We extracted data to determine revision risk (all-cause, septic, and aseptic), complication risk, and infection risk, functional outcome scores (Knee Society Score [KSS], Oxford Knee Score [OKS], and range of movement [ROM]) in patients with obesity (BMI >30kg/m2) to non-obese patients (BMI <30kg/m2). Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model. The MINORS criteria was used for quality assessment. Twelve of 715 studies were eligible. Compared with non-obese patients, obese patients had a higher risk ratio for all-cause revision (RR 1.49; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.13; p = 0.03); aseptic revision (RR 1.36; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.81; p=0.04) and complications (RR 2.12; 95% CI 1.17 to 3.85; p=0.01). No significant differences were found in risk of septic revision and overall infection. Obese patients also had lower KSS scores (MD -3.21; 95% CI -5.52 to -0.89; p<0.01), OKS scores (MD -2.21; 95% CI -3.94 to -0.48; p=0.01), and ROM (MD -7.17; 95% CI -12.31 to -2.03; p<0.01). The average MINORS score was 14.2, indicating a moderate quality of evidence. In conclusion, the risk of revision, aseptic revision, and complications are higher in obese patients. The clinical significance of a lower functional score in obese may not be appreciable. Despite the greater risks, there is no conclusive evidence that obesity should be a contraindication to UKA. Further studies are required to corroborate the current conclusions with higher-quality study designs. Level of evidence: III

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is performed as an alternative to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and high tibial osteotomy for unicompartmental osteoarthritis.

We examined whether the tolerable range of component malalignment is narrower in obese (BMI > 30) or in nonobese patients.

We performed 163 consecutive all-poly medial UKA from 01/01/1995 to 31/10/2003. We examined 83 patients (88 knees) with a minimal follow-up period of 10 years. We examined the correlation between limb- and component malalignment and clinical outcome separately in the obese (67 knees) and nonobese (21 knees) groups.

The 10-year prothesis survival was 92.8%, and 9 UKA were converted to total knee arthroplasty. The average time for revision was 84.44 (48 to 144) months. The 8 obese and 1 nonobese patients had slightly higher BMI (33.47) than the 83 long-term followed patients (31.72). In each of these 9 patients, knee score and functional score were poor. At every revision, we used stems and augments. In the obese group, the prosthetic joint space depression correlated with fair and poor knee and functional scores, the prosthetic joint space elevation correlated with degenerative changes in the lateral tibiofemoral joint.

In the obese group, we noted at least 2 mm of prosthetic joint space depression in all of the 8 failed knees, and 4 mm or more than 4 mm in 6 cases. We hypothesize that the reason fot the subsidence of the tibial component is the increased loading because of prosthetic joint space depression. The result of this study suggests that tibial component positioning which provides an optimal level of prosthetic joint space reduces the risk of failure in medial UKA, prevents degenerative changes in lateral tibiofemoral joint, and provides better long-term clinical outcome.

The aim of this review article is to analyze the results of high tibial osteotomy compared to unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in patients with unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis.
The search engine used was PubMed. The keywords were: "high tibial osteotomy versus unicompartmental knee arthroplasty". Twenty-one articles were found on 28 February 2015, but only eighteen were selected and reviewed because they strictly focused on the topic.
In a meta-analysis the ratio for an excellent outcome was higher in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty than high tibial osteotomy and the risks of revision and complications were lower in the former. A prospective comparative study showed that unicompartmental knee arthroplasty offers better long-term success (77% for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and 60% for high tibial osteotomy at 7-10 years). However, a review of the literature showed no evidence of superior results of one treatment over the other. A multicenter study stated that unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis without constitutional deformity should be treated with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty while in cases with constitutional deformity high tibial osteotomy should be indicated. A case control study stated that unicompartmental knee arthroplasty offers a viable alternative to high tibial osteotomy if proper patient selection is done.
The literature is still controversial regarding the best surgical treatment for unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis (high tibial osteotomy or unicompartmental knee arthroplasty). However, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty utilization is increasing, while high tibial osteotomy utilization is decreasing, and a meta-analysis has shown better outcomes and less risk of revision and complications in the former. A systematic review has found that with correct patient selection, both procedures show effective and reliable results. However, prospective randomized studies are needed in order to answer the question of this article.