جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « water cooler » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Water is of great significance for living and access to safe water has been considered as an important goal in public health. However, water can transmit a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms. The aim of this study was to determine the bacteriological quality of drinking water dispensed by water coolers from different faculties of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, on August 2016. A total of 22 samples from 9 water coolers of different faculties of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were collected and some indicators of contamination including total coliform and fecal coliform, residual free chlorine and pH were evaluated. Results show that Coliform and Escherichia coli were not observed in any of the water samples. Residual chlorine content in drinking water in 50 percent of samples and pH in 12.5 percent of samples were out of Iranian standard levels range. There is no significant difference between the levels of pH and chlorine in water samples before and after water dispenser systems. The lack of coliform indicates the safety of drinking water from water coolers. However, the decrease in the residual free chlorine after water cooler may cause to grow some microorganisms in water coolers. Therefore, it is suggested that an appropriate and regular monitoring program should be established.

Safe drinking water is one of the main factors in improving health status of the population. The aim of this study was assessment of the microbiological quality, determination of pH and residual chlorine in water coolers’ drinking water in educational centers of Zanjan University of medical Sciences in 2015 and comparing the results with the Iranian national standards.
In this cross-sectional study, water samples of all used water cooler apparatuses were sampled and transferred rapidly to the laboratory. pH and residual free chlorine were measured by pH meter and Chlorine Residual Testing kit, respectively. Total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Mold and yeasts count were enumerated according to the Iranian national standards No. 1011, 3759, 5271 and 10899-1, respectively. Data were analyzed through the statistical softwares.
The obtained results indicated that 44.44% of the samples were non-standard because of low residual chlorine. 44.44% and 27.8% of the taken water samples of water cooler dispensers were contaminated with mold or yeast and Escherichia coli, respectively.
According to some microbial contamination in water samples of water cooler devices to ensure availability clean water to consumers (students and hospital’s visitors) continuous monitoring, proper maintenance and regular inspection of the water cooler dispensers seems necessary.

The main cause of many problems in developing countries is related to the provision of safe drinking water. Since the health of drinking water is important in the busy centers such as hospitals, clinics and health centers, this study was done to investigate the role of water coolers connected to the municipal system in microbial quality of drinking water in Behbahan city.
In this study, the samples were provided from all influent and effluent
30 water coolers located in hospitals, clinics and health centers in the Behbahan. They were carried out and transferred to the laboratory. Then, the amounts of total coliforms and fecal coliforms, residual chlorine, pH and temperature were measured. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS and Excel software.
The results showed that the average residual chlorine in input and output of the mentioned water coolers is significantly more than the standard values. Total and fecal coliforms in the input and output of water coolers are also more than the standard values. At the same time, both indicators in the output of water cooler were increased rather than the input one. By using paired t-test, a significant relationship was found between the amount of total coliform, fecal coliform and residual chlorine before and after of water cooler.
The results showed negative effects of water coolers on microbial quality of water. If constant control, monitoring and inspections proceedings were done, these contaminations would be reduced significantly.

Research Having access to safe drinking water has an essential role in ensuring public health. Ignoring damages caused by failures in water distribution system leads to water contamination. This study intended to investigate the bacteriological quality of drinking water of water coolers in four hospitals of Razi, Heshmat, Al-Zahra and Aria in Rasht Township.
In order to meet the objective of the study, 13 water coolers located in these hospitals were randomly selected. The values of total coliforms, heterotrophic bacteria, residual chlorine, pH, and turbidity were measured. The data were analyzed using Excel and SPSS.
The findings showed a strong relationship existed between pH values of input and output water (R=0.55), but that for turbidity was insignificant (R=0.13) (p=0.42). In two cases, coliform bacteria were observed, too. The value of HPC in tested samples was less than 15 cfu/ml before entering and after leaving water coolers.
Conclusion The results indicated absence of coliform bacteria. The reduction of residual chlorine after the water filtration system in water coolers indicated low-level of contamination in water coolers. Therefore, regular servicing and monitoring water coolers and their connections would ensure health of staff members, patients and all who enter hospitals.

Drinking water quality can be deteriorated by microbial and toxic chemicals during transport, storage and handling before using by the consumer. This study was conducted to evaluate the microbial and physicochemical quality of drinking water from bottled water coolers. A total of 64 water samples, over a 5-month period in 2012-2013, were collected from free standing bottled water coolers and water taps in Isfahan. Water samples were analyzed for heterotrophic plate count (HPC), temperature, pH, residual chlorine, turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC) and total organic carbon (TOC). Identification of predominant bacteria was also performed by sequence analysis of 16S rDNA. The mean HPC of water coolers was determined at 38864 CFU/ml which exceeded the acceptable level for drinking water in 62% of analyzed samples. The HPC from the water coolers was also found to be significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of the tap waters. The statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the values of pH, EC, turbidity and TOC in water coolers and tap waters. According to sequence analysis eleven species of bacteria were identified. A high HPC is indicative of microbial water quality deterioration in water coolers. The presence of some opportunistic pathogens in water coolers, furthermore, is a concern from a public health point of view. The results highlight the importance of a periodic disinfection procedure and monitoring system for water coolers in order to keep the level of microbial contamination under control.