جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « بحران » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

  In mass gatherings, participants' health may be threatened, and failure to pay attention to this issue can have unfortunate consequences for them. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing and validating the resilience model of mass human gatherings with the health, safety and environment strategy.

 The present study is one of the types of applied studies, which was conducted in two stages, including data collection, questionnaire design, and data analysis by combining DEMATEL and ANP tools (DENAP method). In the second step, the seven steps of Denep technique were used. Also, at the stage of calculating the direct correlation matrix in the Denap technique, to evaluate the relationships between the criteria, the opinions of experts were used using a rating scale of 0 to 4.

 Based on the results of the present study, four dimensions of resilience were identified in mass gatherings, including indicators of vulnerability, severity of crisis, probability of occurrence of crisis and severity of crisis. Also, the results of the weighted supermatrices showed that in the indicators of vulnerability, capability, probability of crisis and severity of the crisis respectively, the criteria of the impossibility of implementing laws in special emergency conditions, the participation of visitors in the implementation of health promotion programs, the existence of unstable and unsafe structures, and the lack of transportation facilities And the transfer for the elderly and physically disabled have the highest weight.

 To investigate and plan the formation and holding of human gatherings with sacred and religious purposes, it is necessary to carry out risk and resilience assessments in the target area so that it can be corrected by finding its weak points. The implementation of these models can help us find out what is the most important weakness in increasing the risk of gatherings and what is the best way to reduce it and increase the resilience of the region to hold these gatherings.

The Covid-19 pandemic indicated that our biological characteristics alone are not enough to deal with diseases. Resilience refers to the dynamic process of positive adaptation to unpleasant and unfortunate experiences which reflects our ability to control the situation and manipulate the situation optimally. This capability includes internal dimensions, the role of experiences and mental patterns, and external dimensions including the coordinates or community's efforts in mastering challenges. However, studies only focus on the concept of social resilience as an external dimension, and the role of culture as an independent component of identity has been ignored. In this review, the need to conceptualize cultural resilience has been put on the agenda.  In fact, the capabilities that culture provides through the various components that enable us to have the ability to adapt, change conditions, and improve performance in critical situations are studied.

This was a review of the literature. PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Magiran, and SID databases were investigated using the keywords resilience, community, culture, and hardness in Persian and English papers from 1990 to 2018. The articles were evaluated in multiple stages and finally 32 papers were analyzed.

As a result, we conceptualized that cultural resilience could include the following components: belongingness and rootedness, trust, commitment, sense of pride, and attachment.

Cultural resilience can be considered as the ability to adapt and deal with a crisis with the help of historical styles, myths, customs, and cultural beliefs.

The communicable disease surveillance system includes the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data related to communicable diseases to be used in planning, implementing, and evaluating public health policies and practices. Iran's communicable disease surveillance system (ICDSS) is facing numerous challenges. This research aimed to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of ICDSS and provide solutions to strengthen it.

The research was conducted using a scoping review method. Articles and documents on ICDSS published between 2000 and 2022 were searched using appropriate keywords in the electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Magiran, SID, Google, and Google Scholar search engines. Finally, 41 studies were selected and analyzed using MAXQDA software and the framework analysis method.

Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats, and enhancement strategies to ICDSS were identified and grouped into five themes of the priority diseases targeted for surveillance, the structure of the surveillance system, core functions of the surveillance system, support functions of the surveillance system, and quality of the surveillance system. The most important strengths of ICDSS were the eradication of some infectious diseases, rapid implementation in critical situations, and high efficiency. The low motivation of employees, inefficiency of the reporting system in hospitals, and weak inter-departmental cooperation in prioritizing diseases were among the weaknesses. Using advanced diagnostic equipment and the increase of public awareness about infectious diseases are the main opportunities and population dispersion; the epidemy of infectious diseases in neighboring countries and the presence of immigrants in the country were the main threats to ICDSS. Solutions such as strengthening the infectious disease management center, integrating the CDSS into the family medicine program, integrating different parts of the surveillance system, regularly publishing the results, and creating an effective two-way feedback system were suggested for strengthening ICDSS.

Structures, processes, and core functions of ICDSS should be strengthened. Strategic analysis of ICDSS provides evidence to health policymakers to implement corrective interventions.

To identify the effective dimensions and components in the establishment of an evidence-based information therapy approach in the face of the infodemic crisis in the health and medical centers of the country using the meta-analysis method.

Methods and Materials: 

In this research, in terms of practical purpose, qualitative research method and meta-analysis technique was used to collect data and combine qualitative findings, 35 sources were used as the basis of this study.

By analyzing articles and experts’ opinions, two main dimensions and 12 sub-dimensions, including: a) information: including 6 sub-dimensions; Acquiring information, identifying information, sharing information, increasing awareness, meeting information needs, increasing health knowledge; and b) treatment: including 6 dimensions; Patient satisfaction, caring behavior, reducing the cost of inpatient treatment, use of health information, health maintenance education, and disease prevention were obtained.

Non-scientific media are usually exaggerated and dangerous for those who trust them. This issue reveals the need for authentication and authenticity of health information published in the media. In this regard, the establishment of the information therapy approach, as a means of facilitating timely access to health information and its dissemination for both the doctor and patient spectrum, is the new perspective of medical information under the title of information therapy. 

Job motivation is an essential factor among nurses, influencing their care quality. Motivation directly impacts the performance of hospital employees, including nurses, in achieving organizational goals—self-actualization, which refers to the desire to improve oneself and reach one's full potential. Since self-actualization is one of the components of mental health and the search for meaning is the foundation of mental health, achieving the meaning of life as a mental strength causes positive feelings, satisfaction, and even psychological security. Natural disasters and crises, including earthquakes, are disruptive events that are usually beyond the response capacity of local and regional systems and can affect nurses' motivation to perform their duties. This study aims to determine the relationship between job motivation, self-actualization, and the meaning of life among nurses during critical events in Khoi City in 1401.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in medical education centers and hospitals affiliated with Khoy University of Medical Sciences. It included 404 nurses who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a demographic information form, Ludahl, and Kitchener's standard job motivation questionnaire, Ahvaz's self-actualization questionnaire, and Steger's meaning of life questionnaire. The correlation coefficient and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data using SPSS software version 23.

The results showed 61.6% of nurses had high job motivation, and 86.1% had strong self-actualization. The mean scores for the presence of meaning dimension and the search for meaning dimension were 28.476 ± 7.549 and 28.756 ± 7.598, respectively. 79% of nurses reported a sense of meaning in life, while 81.9% reported actively searching for meaning. According to the correlation test results, there is a direct and significant relationship between job motivation, self-actualization, and the meaning of life.

Considering the high job motivation, self-actualization, and the presence of meaning in the nurses' lives, managers can keep these values high and enhance the quality of nursing care by providing a supportive work environment and creating an atmosphere to promote these values further.

A health crisis can disrupt primary health care where telemedicine technology can facilitate the delivery of healthcare services. This study aimed to identify telemedicine applications in primary health care during a crisis.This research was conducted by scoping review method. All studies had been systematically searched through "Web of Science", "Embase", "PubMed", "MEDLINE", "SID", and "Magiran" databases with appropriate keywords in three groups: "telemedicine", "primary health care" and "health crises". Among 2949 screened studies, 76 were included in this research. Finally, the studies were analyzed using the framework analysis method in MAXQDA software. A total of 47 applications were found for telemedicine in primary health care in critical situations, which were classified into 6 areas including teleconsultation, e-learning, remote monitoring, source of medical information, decision support, and patient self-management. The most common medical applications were remote visits, patient consultation, patient education at home, provider screening, self-management of COVID-19 disease, and psychological and social support for patients. Telemedicine technology enables the control and management of crises that arise in health and treatment fields. By improving access, promoting interaction between specialists in urban and rural areas, reducing costs, and reducing mortality and disability, telemedicine provides socioeconomic benefits to patients, providers, and the health care system.

Enhancing hospitals’ resilience is an essential step towards improving the ability of the system to deal with crisis and minimizing the consequences. Job satisfaction is an important factor in the nurses’ turnover intention that can increase the quality of patient care. In this study, the level of hospital resilience and job satisfaction and the relationship between these two factors were investigated.

The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire to assess crisis management in hospitals based on Resilience Engineering approach and Job satisfaction Scale developed by Brayfield and Rothe. The participants included 184 nurses working at a hospital in Mazandaran province, 2021. Data analysis was done using SPSS V25 applying Pearson correlation and Spearman correlation, Bonferroni test, and simple linear regression.

There were 83% female participants and the average age was 36.36±6.66 years with 8.5±5.91 years of work experience. The average resilience score of the hospital was 2.685, indicating moderate levels of resilience. The highest to the lowest scores for the dimensions of resilience were associated with flexibility, management commitment, learning, and awareness. The resilience score showed a downward trend; ICU> operating room and internal ward> emergency unit. Also, the average score for job satisfaction was 59.066 which indicates a moderate level of job satisfaction. The correlation between organizational resilience and job satisfaction of employees was 0.312.

The moderate level of organizational resilience and job satisfaction and the moderate correlation between these two variables require measurements to improve resilience and job satisfaction in order to effectively deal with crises and increase the quality of services.

 The COVID–19 epidemic and its resulting restrictions created challenging conditions for all human societies. One of the research areas has been the effect of the COVID–19 pandemic on the emotional relationships of couples. Quarantine situation, distancing and limitation of social relationships, economic problems, and demanding responsibilities at home and family caused stresses, extending over all extramarital areas to the interpersonal space of couples. However, the emotional relationships of spouses in general and marital love in particular have a fantastic potential to motivate couples to deal with problems positively, provide strong support, and develop dyadic strategies to counteract crises. Love of couples in the era of COVID–19 is a transformer and transformable phenomenon, creating an evolution in couples' responses to the crisis. This research aims to study the evolution of love in the COVID–19 era based on the lived experience of couples with enduring marriages.

 The current research was conducted in 2023 and employed a qualitative approach. Focusing on the participants' lived experiences, we used the interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) method to analyze the study data. The statistical population included couples with stable marriages and experienced love in their married life. Sampling was done in a purposeful way and with the snowball method. The adequacy of the sample size was achieved based on the theoretical saturation criterion from interviews with 15 couples. Each research unit included a couple (husband and wife). We employed in–depth semi–structured interviews to access the couples' experiences and collect data. The interviews for each couple consisted of two individual sessions and one joint couple session, held in virtual or physical space between 60 and 90 minutes. A written consent form was taken from the couples to record the sessions. After the interview, it was transcribed, and open identifiers were extracted. In the next step, all the available identifiers were placed in conceptually similar classes under the title of primary concepts. Then, sub–themes emerged by classifying primary concepts under general and abstract classes. In the final stage, the research themes were obtained by categorizing the sub–themes based on a systematic pattern. The research was validated based on the reliability criteria of Lincoln and Guba (1985) with five components: credibility, transferability, dependability, confirmability, and inferential adequacy.

 The findings of this research consisted of 280 open identifiers, 81 primary concepts, 11 sub–themes, and 3 themes. The discovered sub–themes included being together, inclusive care, self–sacrifice, sexual relationship rearrangement, adjustment of individuality–intimacy, mutual responsibility, cooperation and sharing, management of emerging conflicts, dyadic cohesion, creativity, and flexibility, and making marital purposeful. In the final stage of this process, 3 main themes were obtained: expansion of intimacy, evolution of interactive strategies, and dyadic adaptation and coping. In the data analysis process, two dimensions of couples' experiences emerged: internal experiences and relational experiences.

 During the COVID–19 era, the experience of love in the lives of couples with a history of romantic relationships was continuously and positively circled, encompassing the effects of romantic emotions on coping with the crisis and the effects of couples' dyadic coping on the expansion of romantic emotions. These experiences show the evolution of love in dealing with the challenge of the COVID–19 disease and the value of romantic investments in crisis management.

After the Corona pandemic, most hospitals faced challenges such as staff shortages and inadequate medical equipment. Dealing with the Corona crisis at the hospital level needs scientific evidences from various international and national experiences. Given the important role of sharing experiences in improving the performance of hospitals, this article was conducted to identify effective strategies to deal with the Corona crisis in Mohammad Vasei Hospital in Sabzevar.

This study was a descriptive case study performed by combined (quantitative-qualitative) method in Mohammad Vasei Hospital in Sabzevar in July 1400. Targeted content analysis of documents by the opinions of key informants was used in the qualitative phase. Comparison of selected indicators before, during and after the Corona crisis was used in the quantitative phase.

Effective strategies were divided into 5 main categories including hospital capacity development, development of medical equipment required in the corona crisis, provision and maintenance of human resources, improving the quality of services provided to patients and promoting cross-sectoral participation. A practical guide and the results of strategies implementation were also reported.

In this study, we tried to report the effective strategies and main activities that have been implemented for each strategy and the results as a practical guide. The managers of other hospitals in the country can use the experiences of this hospital to improve the readiness of hospitals in the face of this crisis.

In the higher health education system, professors are in the axis of responsibility and the center of leadership that help protect values, achievements and continuity of activities. The aim of this study is to investigate important spiritual, moral and educational missions of the main basis of the educational system in critical and threatening conditions.

Data were identified in 15 items by means of focused group discussion, semi-structured interview, and researcher-made questionnaire. Description of subjects, delineation of dimensions and solution for implementation were presented for each item by obtaining expert opinions and using native studies.

The most important moral-spiritual responsibilities of professorsin critical and unusual conditions that have been analyzed and presented,include:the valuable and ethical-based mission in cultural and social changes, seeking justice, responsible leadership and protection of learners, smart solutions for continuity of activities and prevention of academic dropand recession , social responsibility, cooperationand playing key role in crisis control, clarifying the international dimensions of events and crises, efforts and measures to ensure, maintain, and promote the social, psychological and spiritual dimensions of health, identifying social determinants of health, giving hope and prevention of passivity, analysis of the crisis and finding solutions to it. Playing the role of a moral and practical model (in all of the life aspects, scientific, professional and social)for learners and policymakers, as well as introducing models, answering questions, clearing doubts, and helping promotion of creative thinking and criticism, are other findings of the study.

The responsibility of professors in the moral and spiritual education of learners in higher health education, and guiding the moral and spiritual processes of the university and society, are vital and decisive in all dangerous situations and in crises and unusual situations. To implement the moral and spiritual value-based responsibilities of professors, "educating and training", "disciplining and purification of the soul", "knowledge and ability", "responsibility and accountability", and "morality and spirituality", are considered necessary.

With the prevalence of COVID-19 in the world and the sharp increase in deaths due to it, hospitals are in dire need of changing their situation and raising their preparedness in the face of the crisis. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to prioritize the factors related to the readiness of hospitals against COVID-19.

In this descriptive-survey study, first, by reviewing the literature, factors related to hospital readiness were extracted. Then, in order to validate these factors and reach the consensus of the expert group (40 physicians and nurses involved in the front line of the corona), the Delphi method was used. Finally, the identified indicators were ranked and prioritized using the SWARA (Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis) technique.

The literature review and Delphi method led to the identification of 18 indicators related to hospital readiness, the most important of which were the number of staff, medical equipment, education and work experience, emergency network and manpower readiness, respectively.

Considering the severe vulnerability of hospitals to possible corona peaks, based on the results of this study, the condition of hospitals can be evaluated from five perspectives: hospital building, medical equipment, communication equipment, transportation and personnel, and necessary measures should be taken to eliminate their shortcomings.

Due to the design features, facilities and the presence of crude oil materials or refined products from crude oil, the refining industry is prone to major accidents such as fire and explosions, which cause a lot of damages and losses. On the other hand, due to the development of intelligent technologies and drones (remote-controlled birds) and the widespread use of these technologies in various industries, the use of these new technologies in the oil and gas industry is inevitable. This case study was conducted with the aim of utilizing drone technology in fire crisis management in oil refineries in the Lavan Oil Refinery, Iran.

Data were collected using qualitative methods and literature review by combining keywords such as refinery, fire and explosion and drone, as well as holding semi-structured interviews with 15 informed and experienced persons from among refinery personnel. In order to identify internal strengths (S) and weaknesses (W) and external opportunities (O) and threats (T) the gathered data were analyzed using the basic SWOT model.

Analysis of the data show the following strategies to be the results of the external threats and opportunities and internal strengths and weaknesses: Strength/Opportunity (SO), Strength/Threat (ST), Weakness / Opportunity (WO) and Weakness/Threat (WT).

The use of drones for monitoring (finding the location and source of fire), identifying (determining the exact location and extent of the fire), confronting and controlling (relief and rescuing, saving the lives of firefighters, firefighting) in the Iranian oil industry requires making changes in the capacity and levels of technology and the equipment and manpower.  Making these changes requires the support of managers and personnel of the oil industry in order to use this new technology and make it operational. In this way, fire crisis management in refineries can be implemented by using drone technology.

The aim of the present study is identification and prioritizing consequences and strategies of effective crisis management in Iranian sports stadiums.

The research method was mixed. The qualitative data collection tool was through in-depth interviews. After conducting19 interviews with experts, the codes reached theoretical saturation. Data analysis was performed simultaneously using the Strauss-Corbin approach. By performing a three-step coding process (open, axial, and selective), 254 non-repetitive initial codes were obtained, which were classified into 21 concepts and 15 categories. Then, these indicators were provided to the research samples in a hierarchical analysis questionnaire and the factors identified by Expert Choice software based on a method AHP Were analyzed.

It can be said that effective crisis management strategies in Iranian sports stadiums are based on nine categories. Also, the consequences of effective crisis management in Iranian sports stadiums are based on six categories. Finally, the results of prioritization indicated that the factors of effective crisis management in Iranian sports stadiums according to experts in the strategies: safety strategies with a weight of 0.124 in the first place and social strategies with a weight of 0.76 in the last rank has it. Also in the consequences: security consequences with a weight of 0.148 in the first rank and social consequences with a weight of 0.101 in the last rank.

According to the obtained results, it is suggested that sports managers, in addition to empowering staff and related stakeholders such as athletes and coaches, pay special attention to strengthening the safety and security of the physical infrastructure of sports stadiums through training.

Cancer patients are extremely vulnerable psychologically and may suffer a variety of psychological trauma. This can have a significant impact on their cancer resistance and recovery. The aim of this study was to investigate the transition process of crisis in cancer patients, considering the high number of cancer in the country.

This study was conducted using a qualitative paradigm. In this study, narrative research approach and narrative interview technique was run in order to achieve the transition stages in crisis in cancer patients. During the interview with 14 cancer patients in Gonabad City, theoretical saturation was obtained. Data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin (1990) comparative analysis.

Cancer patients went through 8 stages before accepting death. These stages included Disease shock, denial of disease, concealment, anger, depression, religious perception, acceptance of illness and acceptance of death.

Due to the need to know the crisis process in people with cancer and the high number of patients, the results of this study can be used for people with the patients to deal with them properly, as well as for researchers, managers and planners to know more. The needs of cancer patients and evidence-based planning should be used.

In recent decades, natural disasters and their consequences on human societies have been increasing. Disasters can have negative impacts on the general health of individuals, especially health care workers involved in disaster relief.

This study aimed to investigate the general health status of health care workers involved in the Kermanshah earthquake in the west of Iran.

This cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study was conducted in 2019-2020 on health care workers (n=242) who were selected based on the convenience sampling method. The study instruments included the demographic characteristics form and the General Health Standard Questionnaire (GHQ-28). The data (descriptive and inferential statistics) were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22).

The mean±SD score obtained by the participants (using the questionnaire) was 26.43±12.18. Based on the results, the participants had a moderate condition in terms of the mean score of physical complaints, anxiety, sleep disorders, and depression, and a desirable condition in terms of the mean score of social dysfunction. There was a significant relationship between gender, work experience, and job category with the general health status of the participants (P<0.05).

Disasters can have negative consequences on the general health status of workers in the affected regions. The results of this study can be used to develop preventive and therapeutic interventional strategies to promote general health, especially the mental health of people working in the health care sector, to improve their quality of life and performance (in providing disaster relief services), especially during the crises such as earthquakes.

Military nurses’ preparedness is directly related to reduced casualties during the crises caused by natural disasters. Determining influential factors for proper planning is one of the main priorities of disasters management.

The present study aimed to investigate nurses’ preparedness and its Related factors when facing natural disasters.

A total of 305 nursing staff affiliated with medical centers and Aja hospitals in southwestern Iran (2021) were included in this descriptive-analytical study. Demographic information form and disaster preparedness questionnaire were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed in SPSS Software version 19, and a P-value of below 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The mean age of nurses was 31.52±5.92 years, and their work experience was 10.00±5.94 years. The majority of nurses was male (57.4%) and had a Bachelor’s degree (%78.7) and had participated in disaster management maneuvers (61.3%). The mean knowledge of nurses was 11.93±3.69, the attitude was 67.18±11.54, performance was 15.45±5.59, and their total preparedness score was 94.63±16.31, which is average. Marital status (P=0.016), education (P<0.001), employment status (P<0.001), gender (P<0.001), attending disaster management courses history (P= 0.035) and having the experience of working in the area of operation (P<0.001) were the most important variables increasing nurses’ preparedness.

The preparedness of nurses, as key crisis team, to reduce casualties and proper crisis management must be improved. Furthermore, it is necessary to pay attention to the factors that measure preparedness in planning for more efficiency.