جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « تعادل پاسچرال » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The ability to safely walk up and down the stairs is an essential factor in older adults’ independence and quality of life. This study aims to investigate the effect of combined exercises on stair negotiation performance of older men. 

In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 30 older men with at least 60 years of age living in Isfahan, Iran, in 2021 were selected who had functional independence, mental health, the ability to perform daily activities without using an assistive device, and without a history of falling. They assigned randomly to two parallel groups of intervention and control groups. Participants in the intervention group completed 12 weeks of combined exercise. The center of pressure (COP) parameters were measured by a force plate, and the time of stair ascending and descending was recorded by the Qualisys motion analysis system. The stair negotiation performance was evaluated by the timed up and down stairs (TUDS) test and the stair self-efficacy (SSE) scale. Data were analyzed by mixed ANOVA in SPSS software, version 24. The significance level was set at 0.05.

The combined exercise program was effective in reducing the COP parameters during stairs ascending and descending (P<0.05). Stance time and time of ascending and descending decreased after the exercise (P≤0.034). The results of TUDS test (P≤0.002) and SSE scale (P≤0.048) showed improved performance in the intervention group compared to the control group.

The combined exercise program, by focusing on the factors such range of motion, strength, power, and balance, is effective in improving the stair negotiation performance of older men. Due to the prevalence of stair use in daily activities and its potential risk for older adults, this combined exercise program is recommended for older men.

In order to evaluate postural control in people with musculoskeletal disorders, examining different standing positions provides useful information to researchers. On the other hands, visual manipulation also plays an important role in the analysis of postural control of people with patellofemoral pain syndrome in static and challenging conditions. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of vision manipulation and standing position on postural control in people with patellofemoral pain syndrome and control group.

30 participants with patellofemoral pain syndrome (aged 23.50 ± 3.76 years, height 167.5±8.58 cm, weight 63.86±12.05 kg) and 30 healthy control (aged 22.43 ± 2.84 years, height 166.25±9.7 cm, weight 59.36±9.35 kg) participated in the Quasi-experimental study in Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad in 2017. The postural sway measures (area, anterior-posterior displacement, medial-lateral displacement, and mean velocity) were recorded with force plate while standing (single-and double leg) in participants with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome. Also, two groups were examined in terms of manipulating visual inputs (eyes open or closed).

Interference of vision by standing position by group in all postural sway measures were statistically significant (p˂0.04). The removal of visual inputs led to a significant increase (p˂0.05) in the postural sway measures during single leg stance in participants with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome (p˂0.05).

It seems that the participants with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome use different central strategies for postural control.  The lack of visual input led to different response in terms of increasing postural sway in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome as compared to healthy control.

Performing a secondary task while maintaining postural control can aggravate balance impairments among older individuals. The present study aimed to compare the gait harmonic ratio between faller and non-faller community-dwelling older adults. In this cross-sectional study, 20 faller older adults (13 females and 7 males) and 20 non-faller older adults (12 females and 8 males) were recruited from the members of a retirement center. Before the trial, a medical code of ethics was granted and the written consent forms were signed by all participants. The variable, the gait harmonic ratio in medial-lateral, vertical, and anterior-posterior directions under single-task and dual-task conditions, was measured using an accelerometer. Under the single-task condition, there was no statistically significant difference between the faller and non-faller groups in any direction of gait harmonic ratio. Under the dual-task condition, the faller group revealed significantly lower harmonic ratios in medial-lateral (p < /em>=0.010) and vertical (p < /em>=0.032) directions compared to the non-faller group. However, no statistically significant difference was reported between the two groups for the anterior-posterior direction in dual-task walking. The findings of the present study indicated that the medial-lateral and vertical gait harmonic ratios can considerably be affected under dual-task conditions in faller older individuals.

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women and one of the deadliest diseases. Since the most important part of recovery from disabling side effects of surgery and treatment of breast cancer is the correction of a local deviations and imbalances. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a selected course of exercises on BOth Sides Up (BOSU) on strength, postural balance, range of motion and pain in women with breast cancer following chemotherapy.

In a semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group individuals of 16 females aged 40-50 years with breast cancer. The subjects were selected as available samples and then randomly divided into an intervention group (8) and control group (8). Before and after 4 weeks of selected exercise, 60 minutes and 3 sessions per week were assessed on improving strength with Dynamometer, Postural balance by getting up and down, range of motion with a goniometer, and pain with the McGill Pain Questionnaire.

The results of the t-sample of the pair have a significant difference in improving strength factors (p: 0.001), postural balance (p: 0.72), range of motion in flexion (p: 0.54), and in abduction (p: 0.02) and pain (p: 0.15) in the pre- and a post-test group of the intervention group and the results of independent t-analysis showed a significant difference in the improvement of strength factors (p:0.001), postural balance (p:0.001), range of motion in flexion (p:0.001), in abduction (p: 0.18) and pain (p:0.001) in the intervention group were quite significant (p = 0.005).

Selected exercises on BOSU ball appear to improve strength factors, postural balance, range of motion, and pain in women with breast cancer. Experts advise performing the exercises could improve the mentioned factors and for alleviating the discomfort of the patients.

 People with Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction need to have almost automatic postural control to focus on their athletic skills. Continuous cognitive task is a method for removing attention from postural control. The effects of continuous cognitive task on postural control of people with ACL reconstruction has been assessed by laboratory tools; however, its effect using balance error scoring system is still unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of continuous cognitive task on the postural control of individuals with ACL reconstruction using the balance error scoring system. 

The present study is a case-control study using simple non-probability sampling. Participants included 20 male football players with ACL reconstruction (13.90±4.15 months after surgery) and 20 healthy men. They were matched for age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, dominant leg, education and activity levels. Tegner activity level scale was used to determine activity level of participants. Postural control was evaluated under single-leg stance test (with treated leg) on firm and foam surfaces with and without continuous cognitive task. Balance error scoring system was used to assess the balance control. In the condition without cognitive task, no feedback was provided. Continuous cognitive task consisted of 10 three-digit numbers each presented with a 2-second interval by audio tape and headphone. In the cognitive condition, individuals were asked to focus on the preselected number and provide the sum of its repetitions in the end of the test. The dependent variable was the number of balance error in each condition. Balance errors included lifting hands from hip, opening eyes, stepping or swinging, lifting forefoot or heal, moving hip into more than 30 degrees of hip abduction or flexion, and remaining out of position for more than 5 seconds. We used SPSS v. 20 software for statistical analysis of data. Kolmogorov- Simonov test was performed to test the normality of data distribution. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was calculated to assess the relative  reliability of the rater for assessing the balance error. The absolute reliability of the rater was measured using Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), Minimal Metrically Detectable Change (MMDC) and Coefficient of Variation (CV). Mixed-model of ANOVA (2 groups ×4 stance conditions) was used to investigate the main effect and interaction effect of these factors. We used repeated measure ANOVA to determine the main effect of test condition in every each, and independent-sample t-test and effect size was used to determine the difference between groups.

 Distribution of data in all four test conditions was normal (P>0.05). The rater reliability was excellent for calculating the balance error in all test conditions (ICC>0.90, MMDC<%10 and CV<%5). Interaction between group and test condition was significant (F=11.59, P<0.01). Result of independent-sample t-test showed that subjects had a higher balance error than healthy subjects under  single-leg stance test on foam without cognitive task (F=2.01, p<0.01). In this condition, the effect size also showed that difference between groups was large (>0.8).The main effect of test condition in subjects showed that the continuous cognitive task reduced balance error while standing on both firm and foam surfaces (P<0.01), while in healthy subjects, the cognitive task had no effect on the balance (P>0.05).

 It can be concluded that male football players with ACL reconstruction had poorer stability compared to healthy subjects in performing single-leg stance test on foam surface without continuous cognitive task. Moreover, continuous cognitive task improved balance control in ACL subjects, while it had no effect on the balance of healthy subjects.