جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « عمل » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Identifying effective educational strategies in developing the skills required by academics with an Islamic approach is one of the basic and urgent needs of the country's academic community. In this regard, the present study uses a descriptive-analytical method based on library information and documents, while conceptualizing the term Wisdom and wisdom based university, with the aim examines the strategies of education in the university with the wisdom based university.

The present study was conducted by descriptive-analytical method with a qualitative approach. The required information has been collected using authentic documents and documents with a documentary or library method. The data collection fiches has been designed to provide information. Content analysis is done by classifying and categorizing information. Sampling was done by targeted method of chain type.

The research findings show such things as: the rule of belief principles, Islamic rules and ethics in all aspects of the university; Rationality; Cultivation takes precedence over education; The sanctity of science and scientific environments; commitment to the ideals of the Islamic Revolution; Scientific jihad and promotion of national self-confidence and production of beneficial science and development of software movement; priority of national interests and public interests over individual and group interests; Civilization of universities; central justice in all aspects of the university; Attention to the requirements of the connection between the two systems of higher education and public education; Attention to the requirements of the connection of the two systems of higher education and public education are among the principles and foundations of wisdom-based University.

The results of the research show that wisdom-based University is need-based and efficient and deepens knowledge through the alignment between the system of affiliations and beliefs with techniques whose main mission is to train wise people by the centers of wisdom and to create and publish. And the excellence of the culture of science and technology and, ultimately, the development of wisdom.

 During the last fifty years, the doctrine of pragmatism has emerged as the dominant philosophy in nursing, and many studies have dealt with the issue of pragmatism in nursing with a mostly positive view. In this article, the pragmatism philosophy in nursing knowledge, education, research and practice is examined with a critical stance.

 This study is a non-systematic narrative review, which is carried out separately and combined based on Mesh keywords including Nursing, Pragmatism, Knowledge, Practice, Education, Research Critique and through internet search in ISI databases, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. The titles found were checked in terms of thematic relevance and a summary was taken from the selected documents.

Very few articles have criticized pragmatism in nursing. From the point of view of knowledge and nursing education, the most important challenge of pragmatism can be summed up in the fear of widening the gap between theory and practice. Also, one of the most important criticisms of pragmatism in nursing research and practice is the lack of paradigm stability and ignoring the unique care needs of each patient.

For a long time, pragmatism has been intertwined with the fabric of nursing, so that some interpret the philosophical foundations of nursing based on the teachings of this school. Perhaps it is better that this one-sided view is slightly moderated and should be paid more attention to the possibly unpleasant and negative effects of this school on nursing.

Obsessive–compulsive disorder includes mental obsessions, compulsions, or both. Obsessions comprise frequent and intrusive thoughts, impulses, and mental images; compulsions are repetitive objective behaviors (washing hands, keeping order, checking) or repetitive mental activities (counting, chanting, repeating words slowly in silence). The patients feel obliged to do these behaviors in response to an obsession or according to rules that must be strictly obeyed. In the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, this disorder has a separate class, and its accompanying problems and debilitating symptoms disrupt the individual's interpersonal, occupational, and social functioning and bring significant economic and social costs to the individual and society. Pathological studies have investigated the factors and correlates with obsessive–compulsive disorder to identify the symptoms of the disorder better in the form of cognitive models. A positive and significant relationship between obsessive–compulsive symptoms and mixed thoughts has been reported in many studies, and it has been mentioned as a powerful predictor for the symptoms of the disorder. Obsessions or compulsions are time–consuming, and their problems cause confusion in interpersonal, social, work, and other critical functional situations and bring financial costs to the individual, family, and society. Also, this disorder has a relatively high prevalence. The present study was conducted to predict the symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder based on the thought–action fusion and mindfulness in a nonclinical population.

The research design was correlational analytics. The statistical population of the research comprised all students (boys and girls) of the universities of Tabriz City, Iran (Tabriz Azad University, Tabriz University, and Shahid Madani University). This research recruited a sample of 500 students (accounting for 10% possible dropout) by the available sampling method. Questionnaires were administered individually. Also, to comply with the ethical principles, the code of ethics under the number IR.IAU.TABRIZ.REC.1400.50 was obtained from the Ethics Committee. To collect data, we used the revised obsessive–compulsive questionnaire (Foa et al., 2002) with an internal consistency of 0.85 for its Persian version, thought–action fusion scale (Shafran, Tordarson, and Rachman, 1996) with an internal consistency of 0.81, and the mindfulness assessment scale (Brown and Ryan, 2003) with an internal consistency of 0.85. The Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used to analyze the obtained data in SPSS version 25. The significance level of statistical tests was considered 0.05

According to the results, the average age of the subjects studied was 24.63, with a standard deviation of 7.2 years. Based on the results, there was a significant relationship between the thought–action fusion and mindfulness with the symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder (p<0.001). Also, the results showed that mindfulness and thought–action fusion can predict obsessive–compulsive symptoms (p<0.001). The prediction coefficient of obsessive–compulsive symptoms based on mindfulness was higher than thought–action fusion.

According to the results, the symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder can be predicted based on thought–action fusion and mindfulness. It is suggested that in future studies, researchers conduct research using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods and in a comparative manner. Also, thought–action fusion can be used as a screening and diagnostic tool. Therefore, the results of the present research should be utilized in the design of follow–up and therapeutic interventions. 

Identifying effective educational strategies in developing the skills required by academics with an Islamic approach is one of the basic and urgent needs of the country's academic community. In this regard, the present study uses a descriptive-analytical method based on library information and documents, while conceptualizing the term Wisdom and wisdom based university, with the aim examines the strategies of education in the university with the wisdom based university.

The present study was conducted by descriptive-analytical method with a qualitative approach. The required information has been collected using authentic documents and documents with a documentary or library method. The data collection fiches has been designed to provide information. Content analysis is done by classifying and categorizing information. Sampling was done by targeted method of chain type.

The research findings show such things as: the rule of belief principles, Islamic rules and ethics in all aspects of the university; Rationality; Cultivation takes precedence over education; The sanctity of science and scientific environments; commitment to the ideals of the Islamic Revolution; Scientific jihad and promotion of national self-confidence and production of beneficial science and development of software movement; priority of national interests and public interests over individual and group interests; Civilization of universities; central justice in all aspects of the university; Attention to the requirements of the connection between the two systems of higher education and public education; Attention to the requirements of the connection of the two systems of higher education and public education are among the principles and foundations of wisdom-based University.

The results of the research show that wisdom-based University is need-based and efficient and deepens knowledge through the alignment between the system of affiliations and beliefs with techniques whose main mission is to train wise people by the centers of wisdom and to create and publish. And the excellence of the culture of science and technology and, ultimately, the development of wisdom.

One of the most important issues of the Holy Quran and the heavenly religions is the issue of "faith", around which many questions have been formed among Muslims since the early centuries. Faith is the most basic element of religion or religiosity. The history of theology shows that the entry of the first Muslim sects and sects in this debate was not based on theological motivations, but for the purpose of practical positions, that is, their basic concern revolved around the relationship between faith and action. The orientation to the origin of the world and the inner pull towards the truth on which the world rests, along with the desire for immortality and happiness, have been two sacred and lasting human concerns, The divine and monotheistic religions, which are well aware of the truth of man and his unique characteristics and existential spheres, introduce the only unique way to answer these two human needs as "faith". The concept of the truth of faith constitutes the most basic issue of a religion, so that all the basic theoretical and practical principles of every religion, including principles and branches, are based on faith and righteous action. In other words, the foundation of the worldview of every believer towards this world and the other world is based on this issue. In this sense, the importance of this matter is such that without considering it, understanding the truth of religion is impossible and impossible. Since the discussion of faith has many unknown angles, the authors of this study, using a descriptive-analytical method, aim to address the importance of faith in the Holy Qur'an and Shi'a theology and examine its relationship with righteous deeds, because faith has a special place in the Qur'an. It is, in such a way that the message of revelation has made it the center of all values and says: "By the age, without a doubt, man is at a great loss, except those who believed and did righteous deeds and advised each other to the truth and enjoined patience.

Theory-practice gap is one of the basic and oldest problems of nursing, which has shown itself well in the bedside and training of nurses. The use of philosophical approaches such as pragmatism is a solution to help reduce this gap and recognize the existing challenges in order to solve this gap. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the pragmatism approach on the nursing theory-practice gap.

The present study is a scoping review type and Persian and English articles extracted from internal databases SID, MAGIRAN and IRANDOC and external databases PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, ProQuest, SCOPUS and CINHEAL in the period from 2012 to 2022 using keywords theory-clinic gap, theory-to-practice gap, theory-bedside gap, theory-practice challenges, practicality challenges of nursing theories, philosophy of nursing education, philosophical schools in education, critical thinking at the clinical, Evidence-based nursing, process nursing and clinical improvement, pragmatism and education, nursing and pragmatism separately, combined and its English equivalent using Boolean operators.

A review of the selected articles showed that the gap between theory and practice based on the approach of pragmatism in nursing is divided into two main categories: a) individual factors including three subgroups: 1) motivation to study and continuous education, 2) strong communication skills, and 3) improving critical thinking, and b) Organizational factors include five main factors: 1) clinical-based training, 2) revision of the curriculum, 3) use of new training methods, 4) empowerment of nurses in different job positions, and 5) provision of new training facilities and equipment.

Paying attention to factors that increase the motivation and information of personnel along with strengthening critical thinking skills along with paying attention to organizational factors such as the use of new educational methods and empowering nurses in different branches can be a factor to reduce the gap in the theory of practice based on the pragmatism approach.

 The purpose of this study was to investigate the transmission and effectiveness of educational messages through non-verbal communication in religious texts.

 In this study, the teachings of the verses of the Holy Quran and the Prophetic tradition and Atrat Tahereh, which are related to the educational dimensions of body movements, have been examined in a division regarding the various dimensions of body movements. And their index examples are explained.

 Due to the postures and movements of the human body, it is a complete educational medium and in addition to the complex system of verbal communication, all the movements of the human body and the conditions that it creates with its behaviors can be much more and richer The words contain educational messages. The transmission of non-verbal educational messages has a clear impact on various aspects of social interaction and changes in moral attitudes and behaviors. Educational thoughts and goals emerge in the form of body movements, and nonverbal communication is a living and influential truth, a messenger and a very powerful factor in changing the attitudes and behaviors of others.

 Based on the findings, the elements of metalanguage or non-verbal communication have been emphasized by religious leaders as well as psychologists and those involved in education, because it carries a very wide range of educational messages and perseverance and effectiveness Increases messages.

According to the nature of the nursing profession, the education process is based on two parts of theory and practice. To educate nurses who can provide proper care by health standards, attention to both sectors is essential. However, the gap between the theories of practice is one of the challenges posed in nursing education. So that the approaches of studies in the field of nursing education are also focused on the pathology of this challenge and provide a suitable strategy. This study aimed to provide a solution to close the gap between theory and practice in nursing education. This integrative review uses the key words of nursing education, theory, and practice, a wide search of resources at the WOS, Pub med, Science Direct, Scopus, Iranmadex, Magiran, SID and Google scholar from 2003 to 2018, in English and Persian. Ultimately, 7 articles were included. Data were analyzed based on whitehorse and Knafl (2005) strategy. Based on the results of the studies, reviewing of curriculum, Motivation, cultural competence, appropriate communication between instructors and students, increasing the critical thinking skills of faculty members and students, enhancing the clinical skills of faculty members and using various educational methods, among the effective factors in reducing the gap between theory and practice in nursing education. According to the results of the study, reviewing of curriculum, increasing the critical thinking skills of students and faculty members, enhancing the clinical skills of faculty members and using various education methods in nursing recommended.

Aims: Due to low psychological well-being level in veterans with the post-traumatic stress disorders, the symptoms are exacerbated in them. The aim of the study was to predict the psychological well-being in the veterans with post-traumatic stress disorders, based on the personality parameters including self-compassion, sense of coherence, and the thought-action fusion.
Instrument & In the descriptive correlational study, 120 veterans with post-traumatic stress disorders, hospitalized in Isar Psychiatric Hospital in Ardabil, were studied as available subjects in 2016. Data was collected using the psychological well-being questionnaire, self-compassion scale, the sense of coherence scale, and the revised thought-action fusion scale. Data was analyzed by SPSS 17 software using Pearson correlation coefficient test and step-wise regression analysis.
Findings: The psychological well-being in the veterans with post-traumatic stress disorders significantly and positively correlated with the sense of coherence and the self-compassion, while it significantly and negatively correlated with the thought-action fusion (p High sense of coherence and high self-compassion, as well as low thought-action fusion, improve psychological well-being in the veterans with post-traumatic stress disorders.

Nursing is a practical discipline and has a lot of similarity to the doctrine of pragmatism. Many studies have paid to the issue of pragmatism in the nursing each in particular direction and in particular society and results of these studies are often contradicting each other.
Internet searching was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus databases. Articles were evaluated and used that examines the gap between theory and practice in nursing.
It can be concluded of the total of these studies that the meaning of the gap between the theory and practice is nonconformance theoretical training with what is nurses at the bedside to do. In terms of pragmatism truth is not static and unchangeable, but it grows and develops with time at each stage of the endless evolution what we call reality will be something that enables us to examine current problems satisfactorily. Nursing is diverse and pluralistic; Diversity in ideologies and our actions and plurality in the knowledge that is generated and used. The ideological diversity leads to a difference in the discourse, and these differences are plurality for one fact, these differences will continue in texts and create barriers for the development of nursing knowledge; but although the theory was out through experiences and whether there is before the experience we need it.
There should be a gap between theory and practice because if there is no distance longer cannot be called theories and it is an actually practice; Remove this distance not desirable and sometimes preserve it is desirable for us. What makes the people unable to understand the theory in practice is that they cannot find the relationship between theories with practice or theory is so abstract that consider it different from the act.

The aim of the current study is to investigate the relationship of thought Action Fusion, experiential avoidance and responsibility with obsessive–compulsive Symptoms in nonclinical population. A sample of 200 students of Malayer University was selected through convenience sampling method and completed the following questionnaires: Thought Fusion Instrument (TFI), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II), Responsibility Attitude Scale Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. Results from stepwise regression showed that thought Action Fusion, experiential avoidance and responsibility entered in the model as predictors. Predictors had different weights in predicting symptoms. Predictive equation is reported for obsessive-compulsive symptoms in students. Based on the research results use of metacognitive therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy in the treatment of OCD is suggested.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) can be affected by different emotional, cognitive, and natural factors. The purpose of this study was to predict GAD based on emotion regulation deficits, thought-action fusion, and behavioral inhibition. This was a correlational study. The study sample was comprised of 135 patients with GAD selected from among patients who were referred to psychiatric clinics and centers in Tabriz, Iran, using convenient sampling method. The data collection tool consisted of cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ), thought fusion instrument (TFI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BDI), retrospective and adults measures of behavioral inhibition (RMBI, AMBI), and the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis method. Difficulty in describing and identifying emotions, maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, thought-action fusion, and childhood behavioral inhibition had significant relationships with GAD (P < 0.010). Moreover, stepwise regression analysis showed that difficulty in identifying emotions, maladaptive emotion regulation, thought-action fusion, and childhood behavioral inhibition were the best predictors for GAD, respectively. Considering the role of emotion regulation deficits, thought-action fusion, and childhood behavioral inhibition in GAD, these variables must be taken into account in the prevention and treatment programs for GAD.

In recent decades, there have been substantial changes in the design and delivery of medical education in congruence with the higher demand for improved professional competencies of medical graduates. Task-based learning is an integrated system and a multidisciplinary teaching and learning approach. In task-based learning, the focus of learning is a set of tasks addressed by a doctor in clinical practice. In this method, subjects are taught through the performance of tasks and understanding of concepts and mechanisms underlying the tasks. The aim of this study was to review articles on task-based learning in medical education.

Electronic databases and publishers such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID, and Magiran were reviewed in 2014. All articles on task-based learning in medical education without consideration of publication date were collected. Studies which had the inclusion criteria (relevant to the field of medicine, having objectives, method, sample size, analysis, a specific conclusion, and availability of the full text) were selected. In total, 10 qualitative, quantitative, or mixed studies were selected for analysis.

Although task-based learning had been used in different levels and situations, evidence suggested that, in comparison to the traditional training method, it has more efficiency and effectiveness. Task-based learning is an important tool in medical education with positive effects on faculty members, students, and patients.

This study has shown that task-based learning is a powerful educational strategy and has been accepted as an appropriate tool in teaching and learning activities in most medical schools. Therefore, it is recommended for the promotion of knowledge, skills, and professional competency.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is affected by different emotional, cognitive and natural factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of emotional regulation deficits, thought-action fusion and behavioral inhibition in Generalized Anxiety Disorder. This research is a correlational study and the sample included 120 patients with GAD selected from patients referring to four psychiatry centers in Shiraz using availability sampling. Instruments used for data collection included Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ), Thought Fusion Instrument (TFI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BDI), retrospective and adults Measures of Behavioral Inhibition (RMBI, AMBI), and the 20-item Toronto alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Data was analyzed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis method. Results showed that there was a significant relationship between difficulty in describing and identifying emotions, mal-adaptive emotion regulation strategies, thought-action fusion and childhood behavioral inhibition with GAD (p<0.01). Also, stepwise regression analysis showed that difficulty in identifying emotions, ma-ladaptive emotion regulation, thought-action fusion and childhood behavioral inhibition were the best predictors for GAD respectively. Discussion & Given the role of emotion regulation deficits, thought-action fusion and childhood behavioral inhibition in GAD, the prevention and treatment programs for GAD should take these variables into account.

Recently, the gap between academic theories of health management and human resource management as well as their organizational consequences has been appraised. `In response, some theories claiming they have achieved the best practice (bridging theory and practice) have been presented. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between evidence-based practice (EBP) and high performance human resource management practice (HPHRMP) with the perception service orientation climate (SOC) as their organizational outcome. This applied study, conducted in 2013 was descriptive and analytical in nature. Considering data collection, the study was based on a causative and correlation relationship. For data collection, 161 physicians were asked to fill out a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS for descriptive statistics using Cronbach’s alpha and Pearson correlation. LISREL software, using causative relationships and Structural equation modeling, was used for inferential analysis. Accuracy of hypotheses was confirmed, suggesting that HPHRMP and EBP separately can improve CuO through moderating EO and ClO. On the basis of the proposed research model, theoretical rhetoric include physician perceptions from HPHRMP and EBP can be good predictors for perceived outcome of SOC (including EO, ClO and CuO dimensions); thus, application of these practices in organizations especially in health sector is recommended. Key words: Theory-Practice Relation, High Performance Human Resource Management Practices, Evidence-Based Practices, Service Orientation Climate, Customer Orientation

Worry is a common, and potentially disabling, feature among many individuals with anxiety. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation styles and thought action fusion with students worry. This a cross- sectional study. Includes 200 students of East Azerbaijan in 2012-2013 academic years that have been selected by cluster sampling method in several phases. Cognitive emotion regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-short), Penn state Worry Questionnaire and revised Thought-Action Fusion questionnaires (TAF-R) have been used for data collection. The data was analyzed by pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that acceptance (r= -0.221, p= 0.002), positive refocus (r= -0.262, p= 0.001) and refocus on planning strategies (r= -0.322, p= 0.001) were all in significant negative correlation with worry. But catastrophizing strategies (r= 0.379, p= 0.001) had a significant positive correlation with worry. Also responsibility for positive thoughts (r= 0.674, p= 0.001) and responsibility for harm avoidance thoughts (r=0.577, p = 0.001) had a significant positive correlation with worry. The results of multi-variable correlation coefficient with enter method indicated that cognitive emotion regulation strategies and (R2=29%) also thought-action fusion factors has (R2=54.6%). Have a role in explaining worry. The results indicated correlation between the TAF and maladaptive strategies with worry. Thus, it seems that occurrence of cognitive bias such as TAF and maladaptive strategies increase the individual’s vulnerability to worry.

The gap between theory and practice in clinical fields, including nursing, is one of the main problems that many solutions have been suggested to eliminate it. In this article, we have tried to investigate its solution through active learning. In this review article, searching articles published during 2000-2012 was done through library references, scientific databases. Among many essays and other sources, 36 articles, which were more related to active learning and its role in reducing theory-practice gap, were selected. In this article, we have tried to consider new methods that were not much regarded in Persian sources. Most active learning methods, especially task-based learning, practice-based learning and performance-based learning in which learner participate in the learning process and prepare for deep learning are effective to eliminate the gap. Since these methods are less used in training nurses in our country, this article explained these methods and how to use them in practice.

Nursing is a combination of knowledge and art and all aspects of theoretical and practical teaching of nursing must emphasize on these two points, but practically the gap between what is theoretically taught at university and what is practically experienced at work is very big. Therefore in this study it is aimed to evaluate the application of some academic nursing lessons in practical work from recruiting nurse's point of view. This research is an analytical- descriptive one. Some hospitals in Isfahan were selected using random sampling method. All recruiting nurses in mentioned hospitals were 78 and all of them were questioned by the research questionnaire which was in two sections: demographic information and a section about the application of nursing lessons in clinical practice. The findings indicated that most of the subjects were female (84.6%), graduated from Azad universities (64.1%) had a 6-12 months career experience (47.4%) and were working at emergency wards(20.5%).In addition, the highest mean(±SD) of the applied lessons at work was for medical-surgical nursing lessons 34.68(±2.43) and the lowest one was for maternity child nursing lessons 11.58(±4.34) there was no significant difference between the mean application of different lessons and it was the same regarding gender but the increase in career experiences showed the decrease in clinical application mean in community health nursing and psychiatric nursing (P=0.025 and P=0.04 respectively). According to Azad universities graduate's point of view, medical surgical nursing and, maternity child nursing lessons were more applicable in clinical practice (P=0.03 and P=0.016 respectively). According to the above findings and studies which were already conducted, it seems that there is a noticeable gap between nursing theoretical lessons and nursing clinical practice. Therefore this gap must be filled by changing the outlines of university lessons and nursing educational curriculums.