جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « لیشمانیازیس جلدی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Given that an effective vaccine is not available against leishmaniasis, as well as the side effects of current drugs and the emergence of resistance to treatment, researchers are looking for more effective, safe and low-cost natural compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-leishmaniasis effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of opium with concentration 10% on lesion of Leishmania major in BALB/c mice.

In this study, 30 male BALB/c mice, 6–8 weeks of age were injected subcutaneously in tail-base with Leishmania major amastigotes. They were randomly divided into five groups (n=6 per group). Two groups (aqueous and alcoholic extracts of opium with the concentration of 10%) as experimental and three as control (Eucerin ointment, Glucantime and Control, which were infected but not treated). Treatment started when the CL lesions were appeared and continued for 14 days. The diameter of the lesion was measured and the differences in the mean lesion size were assayed by paired t-test, two-way ANOVA and tukey post-hoc tests.

Statistical analysis showed significant difference (P<0.05) between treated groups in terms of wound diameters. The group treated with glucantime had the smallest wound diameter. The wound sizes of otherwise treated mice with alcoholic and aqueous extracts with concenteration 10% and eucerin ointment were smaller than those of control mice without any treatment with statistically significant (P<0.05).

The results of this study showed that despite of the effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of opium on L. major in vivo, the mean wound size of mice infected with Leishmania major was less effective than glucantime. It is suggested that more studies be performed with the above extracts in different concentrations, along with nanocarriers and in combination with other plant extracts.

Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease and is known as a health problem in all of the world. The patient, a 47-year-old man car driver from the city of Bostan Abad, with a history of traveling to cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic provinces last year, was referred to the city health center with a 17 mm, no discharge and pus with a necrotic appearance skin lesion. Biochemical, hematological parameters and urine culture and analysis were normal. Three smears were prepared with sterile vaccinostyle from the margins of the wound and transferred to a specific medium in sterile conditions. After staining the prepared smears from the wound, amastigotes with a large nucleus and small kinetoplast in macrophages and active promastigotes in the liquid phase of the medium were observed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using ITS-1 by specific primers. In the PCR product electrophoresis was compared with the marker bands and 350 bp band weight determined. With electrophoretic patterns and comparison with positive control band, isolates parasites belonged to the Leishmania genus. In order to definitively diagnose the parasite species, a sequencing method was used. The results showed 99% homology with Leishmania major. Finally, the patient with a diagnosis of rural cutaneous leishmaniasis was induction with Glucantime drug. Diagnosis of suspected cases with cutaneous leishmaniasis is of major importance. If an infected patient is diagnosed in the early stages of the disease, the extension of the scar after recovery, as well as the possible complications of rural infection can be prevented.

Background Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is an important infection with a high incidence rate. The
spatiotemporal dynamics of this disease is mainly determined by three main components of parasite,
reservoir and vector. Climatic factors can significantly affect its incidence through their impact on these components.

The present study aimed to assess the effects of climatic changes on the incidence rate of CL in Mashad, Iran. To this end, first different phases of drought were identified through Standard Precipitation Index (SPI). Then the relationship between the incidence of CL and these phases was analyzed with non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn-Bonferroni test at a significance level of 95%.

The results of the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test on the incidence of CL in the three phases of drought showed a significant relationship between them. Dunn-Bonferroni test showed that the incidence of CL was significantly higher during the years with severe drought as compared to years with normal rainfall. The significant increase in the mean incidence of CL during severe drought can be attributed to limited food sources available to the vectors, which are mostly rodents.

Scarcity of food sources during drought makes rodents, as the main vector of the disease, to seek food and be more exposed to sandflies. That is how the incidence of CL increases.