جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مطالعات بالینی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Hospitals, patients, researchers, and healthcare organizations are producing enormous amounts of data in both the healthcare and drug detection sectors. With continued development of cheap data storage and availability of smart devices in the world, the influence of big data (BD) will continue to grow. This influence has also carried over to healthcare. The volumes of data available in the fields of pharmacology, toxicology, and pharmaceutics are constantly increasing. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the applications of big data technology in the field of pharmaceutics.

Using the mixed methods approach, this study was conducted in two phases in winter 2023. In the first phase, the applications of big data technology were identified by library search and assessed by content analysis. In the second phase, applications were ranked by a panel of experts, including 17 experts who worked in the Iranian pharmaceutical industry. The stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) method was used for ranking the application of big data in pharmaceutics.

The present study examined the importance of big data applications in pharmaceutics. The results showed that drug discovery (0.263) and clinical study analysis (0.224) had the highest importance, followed by drug efficacy and performance (0.197), drug safety (0.170) and drug personalization (0.146).

The present study detailed a substantial attempt to review the existing literature regarding the implementation of big data and to rank big data applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Big data can help researchers to better discover and develop drugs and understand the effects of drugs and other chemicals on the human body. As a result, it can help improve the safety and efficacy of drugs and other chemicals. Also, big data can help to improve the accuracy of predictions regarding the effects of drugs and chemicals, which can improve safety in drug development and help to avoid potential adverse drug interactions. The applications considered in this study are ultimately necessary for humanity, and big data may significantly impact the betterment of these domains. Big data has a revolutionary potential, providing new ways to understand and predict the effects of drugs. BD will possibly play an important role in pharmaceutics in future, critically helping to drug discovery and improve drug safety and efficacy.

Plants have been known and used by different societies since ancient times. The most important applications include nutrition, medicine, and industry. Acorus calamus L. (Acoraceae), is one of the medicinal plants that exists in the Iran and some other ecotypes and is used as a medicinal plant also in China, India, and Greece. Recently, it received attention, however there is lack of information about this medicinal plant. 

We performed a search in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar and also traditional medicine books using the following keywords: A. calamus, traditional medicine, modern medicine, laboratory studies, and biological effects.

In reliable articles and traditional medicine books, A.calamus was found with many different properties. The aerial parts, roots, and rhizome were reported to have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-inflammatory activities. A.calamus is also used in treating nervous system disorders and in production of nanoparticle and pharmaceutical products.

According to many studies, A. calamus has many beneficial properties, but in vitro and in vivo studies are required to investigate its medicinal effects. Also, the plant is originally found in Mazandaran province, north of Iran and it can be used in medicinal and health products.

In spite of promising results of conventional treatments for myocardial infarction, including medications, stent implantation, and coronary artery bypass grafting, the disease and its complications, especially heart failure, are highly prevalent because these methods could not reverse the cell loss, which is the main problem. Currently, heart transplantation, as the last option for treatment of heart failure, has major limitations including the low number of appropriate donors and underlying diseases in recipients. The present study is presented as a review paper. Using related keywords, including myocardial infarction, cell therapy, stem cell, cardiac tissue engineering, and clinical trials, studies published up to 2018 were collected from reliable databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Elsevier. Among potential candidates, those which were the most relevant to the purposes of the study were selected and evaluated. The stem cells application for regeneration of damaged tissues is one of the great researchers’ achievements. In spite of various scientific, legal, and ethical concerns, several companies target stem cells transplantation for cardiac diseases in commercial way. There are many in situ, in vitro, and cell-loaded scaffold and cell sheet engineering studies in tissue engineering field. Despite the promising results of stem cells application, many challenges still lay ahead of this pathway including optimal cell, dosage, time and route administration selection, and the immune response modulations. Currently, extensive research is ongoing. In this regard, the successful results of various clinical trials made by different companies and health centers have led to commercialization of products. Some of them are addressed in the current review article. However, more research is needed to clarify the efficacy of these studies.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of death due to cancer in women following lung cancer. Ample evidence has shown the antitumor activities of curcumin in breast cancer in preclinical and clinical trials. The anticancer effects of curcumin include the inhibition of cancer cell formation, angiogenesis, and tumor growth. Due to the low absorption of curcumin in the gastrointestinal tract, as well as its low water solubility, rapid metabolism, and high excretion, curcumin has low bioavailability. Therefore, using formulated curcumin could increase its bioavailability. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of curcumin and its nano-formulated compositions in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
In this review, data were collected via searching in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Magiran to identify the related English and Persian articles published until 2016 using keywords such as nano-forms, clinical study, cancer, breast, and curcumin. In total, 40 studies were identified and reviewed.
Using formulated curcumin could increase its absorption and bioavailability, while it also enhances its effects on cancer cells, including breast cancer cells. Therefore, nano-formulated curcumin was observed to be effective in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
Considering the higher bioavailability of the formulated compounds of curcumin compared to its free form and the low toxicity of this herbal medicine, curcumin could be used in combination with other anticancer medications in the treatment of breast cancer.

According to the general guidelines for ethics in medical research, informed consent is necessary in clinical trials. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the observance of guideline for taking informed consent in the clinical thesis of Iranian traditional medicine in Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2011-2015.
In this cross-sectional study, the observance of guideline for taking informed consent was evaluated in 210 participants in clinical studies of traditional medicine. The knowledge of the participants from the objectives and methods of the studies, responsibilities and rights of participants, benefits and possible side effects, paying the cost, confidentiality and other parts of consent form were investigated. The findings were described as the number and the frequency.
Findings: Mean (±SD) of age was 43 (±17) years. 30% were illiterate and informed consent form was completed by their companions. 89% of participants had received the informed consent form, but only 10% of the them had studied it and more than half of them had not understood some parts of it. 55% of the participants were not aware they have participated in a research study and 92% did not know the main purpose of the study. None of the participants know about the different groups and alternative treatments. 46% of them were not aware about the possible benefits and 71% were not aware of the possible side effects of treatments. None of them continue the study under pressure or financial incentives. 67% of people did not know they are free to leave the study at any time.
Despite the use of informed consent in the majority of clinical trials of traditional medicine in this University, participants in this study were not aware about the details of the study. The causes of this issue, training the researchers to comply with ethical guidelines, as well as increased monitoring by the relevant committee seem to be required.

The main objective of periodontal therapy is to eliminate bacterial biofilm from root surface but the anatomical complexity of the tooth roots and furcation areas make the accessibility difficult. Because that complementary treatment recommended for removal of the calculus and microbial deposits, one of these treatment is PDT or photodynamic therapy.PDT is a non-invasive treatment process that effective for treatment of periodontal disease and it's side effects and development of the resistance to PDT is less than antibiotics. The aim of this study was to review the relevant articles, concerning the application of PDT in treatment periodontal disease.

PubMed, GoogleScholar and ScienceDirect were searched electronically.

Results included 16 full text article. There is a controversy in the article about effect of PDT on the pocket depth and clinical attachment loss, some show the effectiveness of it but another dont show any differences between PDT and SRP. Laser showed be more effective than SRP for reduction of full mouth bleeding score.

It seems that PDT is more effective for adjunctive treatment not as a single treatment and multiple dose application is better than single dose.

The high prevalence of Breast Cancer especially in Iranian young women led our study to survey on Iranian scientists researching field related to Breast Cancer. The purpose of current study is to analyze and visualize the trend of scientific output in the field of Breast Cancer research in Iran.

Using the mixed-methods of Bibliometric analysis and systematic review we extracted all Iranian publications in the field of breast cancer from Medline through 1965-2008. All row data was extracted based on the MeSH thesaurus and In order to make more comprehensive the result of data retrieving, we made a new method of search strategy.

A total number of 114 articles published by Iranian authors were found. “Epidemiology and related issues” was the most popular subject area investigated by Iranian scientists. Molecular based researches were in second and clinical related issues were in third condition. The mean value of coauthor of papers was 4.67. About 70% of Iranian publications in this field were published in journals with Impact Factor between 0.396 and 5.684. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment was the high-impact journal that published Iranian publications. The United state and England were the most prolific countries that published Iranian publications in this field.

The study indicated the number of publications in the field of Breast Cancer in Medline emanated by Iranian scientists has been increased exponentially through the period of study especially after 2001.