جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « هزینه بیماری » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Diabetes and its complications have a significant economic effect on society. This study evaluated the annual cost of patients with diabetes in Ahvaz, Iran, for the first time to reduce diabetes costs by identification of cost-induced factors.  A questionnaire was completed for each of 752 patients referring to diabetes clinics in a university hospital. Then, the patients recorded all diabetes-related costs through face-to-face or telephone interviews for one year, including transportation, physician visit, drugs, laboratory tests and imaging, diet prescription, hospitalization, glucometer strips, etc. The patients reported their costs every three months.  The per capita cost of patients with diabetes was USD 1611.19 ± 1366.67 annually. Women had higher per capita costs than men did. The cost of taking medication was the highest compared to other costs (while the cost of diet prescription was the lowest. Of all patients, 14.2 % had at least one diabetic complication. Diabetes-related cardiovascular complications had the highest annual cost for patients. There is no statistically significant correlation between diabetes cost and gender or diabetes duration.   The cost of medications constitutes a major portion of the total direct cost of this disease, whereas the cost of diet prescription was the lowest. Diabetes and its complications have a significant economic effect on the health system. Control of diabetes and complication prevention should be considered to reduce the costs it imposes on the society.

The onset of mental disorders usually begins in childhood and carries a high individual and collective burden. The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence, mortality, and burden of neurological disorders in children during the years 1990-2019 in Iran.

This study is a correlational analytical study during the years 1990-2019 in Iran. In this study, the indicators of incidence, death, prevalence, and disease burden (the index of years of life lost due to premature death and disability) were used. To examine the epidemiological indicators with the dimensions of the human development index, the concentration index was used. Analyzes were performed using Stata-14 software at a significance level of 0.05.

The highest incidence of neurological disorders in both sexes is related to 2019 (8444.82 per 100000) and the highest prevalence of neurological disorders in Iran is related to 1998 (17549.2 per 100000). The most years of life lost due to premature death are related in 1990, it was (218/58 per 100,000). The concentration index for incidence was -0.018 (-0.029, -0.007), death -0.15 (-0.202, -0.11), and prevalence -0.02 (-0.034, -0.005), which shows that incidence, death, and prevalence are more concentrated in years It has been that the socio-economic situation has been weaker. A significant relationship was observed between the death rate caused by neurological disorders and the dimensions of human development. Considerably, with the increase in life expectancy, average years of education, and gross national income, the death rate due to neurological disorders in children decreases significantly.

Considering that from 2015 to 2019, we have seen an increasing trend, therefore attention should be paid to the factors related to the occurrence of these disorders in children, and since the increase in life expectancy and the level of education causes a decrease in the mortality associated with these disorders, attention Improving these indicators can be effective in reducing the mortality of these children.

Futile medical care is referred to any medical intervention or activity that bring no benefit to patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of futile treatment and its cost in neonates with a probable diagnosis of inherited metabolic disorder.

In this cross-sectional study, hospitalization records of all admitted neonates in Children's Medical Center, Tehran were evaluated between 2013 and 2016. Demographic characteristics of the patients, duration of hospitalization, diagnostic and therapeutic management, and costs were investigated.

In the period studied, 1668 neonates were hospitalized of whom 20 (1.2%) died in neonatal intensive care unite with a probable diagnosis of inherited metabolic disorder. Six (30%) cases had deceased siblings. The total duration of hospitalization was 290 day-patient ranging from 20 hours to 37 days. The costs of hospitalization and medical treatments were calculated. Despite disagreement of eight (40%) parents with any futile treatments, the medical team discontinued the futile care in only one case who received palliative care. In other patients futile treatment continued before death.

Futile medical treatments in neonates with inherited metabolic disorders are not uncommon. Lack of a comprehensive guideline about this issue leads to continuation of futile medical care.

Healthcare policymakers and planners use the economic burden of the disease to determine the total cost of an outcome, illness, or accident imposed on the country. The aim of this study was to calculate the direct and indirect medical costs in Covid-19 patients with critical conditions hospitalized in the intensive care unit in Golestan province.

This descriptive-analytical study was a partial economic evaluation performed cross-sectionally, and included all hospitalized patients with critical conditions in the first 6 months of 2020 in a public hospital in the Covid-19 center (158 patients).The required data were collected from patients' records by the hospital information system. Data analysis and calculation of direct medical and indirect costs of the disease in this research study was carried out based on the incidence approach and bottom-up method from the perspective of the society.

The average direct medical cost per hospitalized patient in a critical condition was 214,926,500 rials. Hospitalization and pharmaceutical services accounted for the largest share of the costs. The average indirect cost for each patient in a critical condition was estimated at 959,577,714 rials.

The results of the study showed a huge economic burden of Covid-19 on society and the health system. The high prevalence of this disease has imposed huge economic damages on society and the country's health system.

The Covid 19 epidemic has become one of the most important health system challenges in the world. This epidemic, in addition to death and disability, has come at a high cost. The aim of this study was to identify the methods of calculating the burden of Covid 19 disease.

The present study performed by systematic review method. All articles related to the Covid disease burden reviewed in five databases and two search engines by May 1921. Nine articles analyzed in the final analysis.

Nine studies from December 2019 to April 2021 examined and calculated the burden of Covid-19 disease. 5 studies were published in 2020 and 4 studies in 2021. The studies were conducted in China, the United States, Saudi Arabia, Italy, Brazil and Iran. The costs of this disease were classified into medical and non-medical costs. Due to the emergence of this disease and the lack of sufficient knowledge about this disease, there are fundamental limitations in conducting economic burden studies of this epidemic.

Access to information is the most important prerequisite for these studies. Therefore, the method of disease management, information and diagnostic cases at the national level is very effective in calculating the economic burden of this disease. The requirements, limitations and basic framework of calculations in estimating the economic burden of this disease should be considered by researchers and policy makers of the health system.

In Iran, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality. The economic burden of these diseases imposed on families makes the situation even worse. Health system policymakers need to be aware of the costs of these diseases to make wise decisions regarding the allocation of resources. The present study aimed to estimate the economic burden of cardiovascular disease in selected hospitals in Yazd.

This cross-sectional study was conducted based on a descriptive-analytical design. The economic burden of cardiovascular disease was estimated using the cost-of-illness method and based on the human capital method. Based on the content and purpose of the current study, the prevalence-based approach was used. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. The statistical population included patients with cardiovascular disease who referred to the hospitals under study in Yazd. They were selected by random sampling (n=200). The data were analyzed in SPSS and EXCEL software.

41.5% of patients were male and 58.5% were female. The total direct medical cost was 2,6184,130 Rials and the total non-medical direct medical cost was 11,521,250 Rials for each patient. The economic burden of cardiovascular disease was 16,721,997,317,485 Rials  at a discount rate of 3% ,and a discount rate of 5%, it was reported as 11,819,209,806,581 Rials.

Cardiovascular diseases impose a huge cost on society. The best way to manage these diseases and reduce costs is to change and modify risky behaviors that make the patient invulnerable.

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease and is the leading cause of death from single-agent infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to estimate the economic costs of this disease and its effective factors in Hamadan province.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on a cross-sectional (two-year time scale) study in 2014 and 2015. The population of this study is tuberculosis patients in Hamadan province. Data extraction was performed by examining the file of patients with tuberculosis in urban and rural health centers and patients of hospital in Hamadan. Also, using a logistic model and Stata 15, social factors and households that are more likely to be exposed to this disease were studied.

A total of 173 tuberculosis patients were identified, with an estimated cost of treatment of 8307 million IRR. Also, the results of the Logit model showed that people living in the city over 65, low educated, and people with HIV The order of 22, 14, 18, and 6 percent would be greater than the likelihood of exposure to tuberculosis.

The cost of tuberculosis, in addition to allocating a significant amount of health resources in the province, also imposes a high burden on households. The social and economic consequences of these costs lead to many abnormalities such as the exclusion of women with a family or the abandonment of the children of affected people.

cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality around the whole world. However, there is limited information on its economic costs in Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the economic costs of coronary heart disease in Iran in 2014. The diseases costs were calculated based on the incidence approach using a bottom-up method and a community-oriented perspective. The drug cost information was obtained from angiographed patients (607 cases) in Shahid Modarres Hospital using simple random sampling method. Other information like disease incidence, distribution of patients, treatment patterns, length of stay and mortality rate was gathered from the literature, interview with patients, consultation with specialists, questionnaire, ministry of health and statistical center of Iran. Coronary heart diseases impose a significant economic burden in the range of 4,715 and 4,908 billion dollars (210,037,860,000,000-201,778,425,000,000 rials) upon Iran economic system. The medical costs and the costs of lost productivity due to premature death were calculated at USD 3.572 billion (152,863,740,000,000 rials) and USD 933 million (39,927,735,000,000 rials) respectively. The major part of medical costs was related to angioplasty costs (47%) and the minor part was related to drug costs (1.15%). Coronary heart diseases impose a lot of financial costs to Iran healthcare system which cover more than 16% of whole healthcare financial costs. It is possible to streamline all consequential costs due to coronary heart disease by means of economic and effective use of resources and widespread self-care plan.

Physical, psychological and emotional status of mothers of children with cancer as a key element in providing services and care is affected by the disease and makes high tensions for them. This study aimed to investigate the quality of life of mothers of children with cancer in Iran.
In this descriptive study, statistical population consisted of all mothers (900 subjects) of children with cancer were covered by MAHAK charity institution, in 2016. In this account, 210 samples were selected by a convenience sampling. Caregiver Quality of Life Index-Cancer scale was used for measuring the quality of life of mothers.
In terms of mental-emotional burden 20% (20.63±12.51), life style disruption 55.7% (17.02±8.87), financial concerns 68.6% (4.70±3.61), total quality of life score 60.50% (65.86±24.76) of participants had a middle-low status, but according to positive adaptation (21.14±5.28) about 59% and 26.2% had good and very good status, respectively.
The mothers as the primary caregiver to children with cancer bear a great deal of burden of caring. Therefore, highlighting and taking seriously the role of mothers in the planning of the health system, not only the quality of life of families and especially mothers as the caregivers to children with cancer will upgrade, but also children with cancer will gain positive externalities as a result of this attention.

Glaucoma imposes direct and indirect costs on societies. The current study aimed at estimating the economic burden of glaucoma in Iran in 2012.
The study was performed based on the partial economic evaluation method. The prevalence-based approach and bottom-up method were used. The human capital approach was used to calculate indirect costs. Required data were obtained from interview with 10 eye specialists and 100 patients, literature review, and review of 100 medical records of patients at Farabi Hospital in Tehran.
The total cost of the disease was $US 1,746,412.35, which 77.09% of the costs were related to direct cost; indirect costs accounted for 22.91% of the total costs. The total cost of hospitalization included the highest share of direct medical costs (74.4%). Average cost of outpatient for surgical and nonsurgical groups were $US 14.87 and $US 14.11, respectively. The average cost of hospitalization was $US 180.54.
Glaucoma imposed high economic burden on Iran. Proper planning for the early treatment of the disease and prevention of its complications could reduce costs of treatment and disability.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women. The cost of care for patients with cancer is an important component of the formulation of national policies and programs for cancer. The present study aimed to analyze and estimate the cost of breast cancer in women attending Shahid Ghazi cancer clinic in Tabriz in 2013. This is a cross sectional retrospective Cost of Illness (COI) Study which investigated the data in a 6 month period using researcher-made questionnaire. Using bottom up approach costing method، direct and indirect costs of 34 patients suffering from breast cancer who were attending Shahid Ghazi cancer clinic of Tabriz were gathered from patients’ perspectives. Data were analyzed using Excel 2007 software. Average direct medical costs of patients were estimated 116327582. 35 Rials and average nonmedical costs were estimated 2580294. 12 Rials. Total costs were estimated 54338083000 Rials. Due to the high costs and the incidence of breast cancer، the increase of supplementary insurance coverage seems necessary to reduce the crippling costs. The early detection and screening for patients to reduce the cost burden can be useful.