جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « وعده های غذایی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The relationship of the number of daily meals and snacks with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is less studied in Middle-Eastern countries. We aimed to find this relationship in a large sample of Iranian adults.
In this cross-sectional study, 4669 individuals fulfilled a questionnaire about their number of daily meals and snacks. Frequency of total meals was defined by summing up the frequency of main meals and snacks and participants were categorized into 4 categories: Findings: The prevalence of GERD in study population was 23.7%. After adjustment of all potential confounders, women who consumed 1-2 or 3-5 snacks per day, compared to those who never used snack, had a 41% (OR:0.59; 95% CI: 0.42-0.84) and 51% (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.32-0.75) reduced risk of having GERD, respectively. Women who consumed 6-7 or ≥ 8 snacks and meals per day had a 38% (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.41-0.96) and 43% (OR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.34-0.95) risk reduction for GERD, in comparison with those who ate We found an inverse significant relationship between the meal frequency and GERD symptoms in Iranian women, but not in men. Prospective studies are required to confirm this association in Middle-Eastern populations.

The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has increased to a considerable level internationally. One of the most important causes of childhood obesity is the lack of meal frequency. Self-efficacy has been considered as one of the most important psychological factors which can affect nutritional behaviors of adolescents in previous studies. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between self-efficacy and meal frequency in obese adolescents of Shahinshahr, Iran.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 172 overweight and obese female students who studied in schools in Shahinshahr in 2013-2014. After simple random sampling and assessment of anthropometric indicators, the self-efficacy and meal frequency questionnaire was completed by the students. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Findings: The mean of age and BMI were 13.4 ± 0.6 and 28.2 ± 3.6, respectively. BMI had a significant inversely relationship with eating breakfast, and morning and afternoon snacks (P Eating breakfast was effectively predicted by self-efficacy in obese students. It seems that to better understand the relationship between psychological constructs and eating breakfast, further studies, especially interventional studies, are required.

​ The process of receiving meal is one of the most important daily events of university students and managers. Since this process happens within a limited time during the day، and all the students are directly involved in this process، proper management is one of the main factors of conducting this process appropriately. The aim of this study was to evaluate the process of receiving meals step by step and analyzing how this process takes place and finally offer some strategies for promoting the quality of conducting this process at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The is a cross-sectional study which was conducted by observation، interview and the questionnaires filled out by students and automation section staff. The flowchart for the process of receiving meals of the university was drawn after step by step observation. The questionnaire including 14 questions were answered by 60 students randomly. A suggested flowchart was adjusted after general and specialized analysis of the flowchart in 5W1H method. For analyzing data، Excel 2007 software was applied. Data analysis indicated that 55% of the students believed that too much time was wasted in this process. Currently، each student spends about 43 minutes for having lunch everyday. Although the university has facilitated food reservation by internet، 80% of students do not use this service and refer to self-service restaurant operators and cause long queues. After interviewing with the manager of food section، it was specified that an average amount of Rls. 300،000،000/- is allocated daily for students’ food by students’ deputy which is Rls. 100،000/- for each student and each student pays only 6. 5% of the whole price and 93. 5% of the price is supplied by students’ welfare affairs deputy. The process of receiving meals of students at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences is a time-consuming process and will result in customers’ dissatisfaction. This process could be improved by accomplishing some actions such as distributing catalogs and guidelines for using internet services for reserving food among students and considering encouraging services for students who use the internet service and receive less forgotten token such as discount. The number of referees to operators could be reduced by considering the above mentioned suggestions and improve the process of receiving meals.

The increasing trend in recent years of overweight and obesity in children, known to be associated with adult obesity and other physical and mental diseases, makes them one of the most important health and social problems today. Lifestyle is an effective factor in the etiology of child overweight and obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of overweight and obesity in primary schoolgirls in the 3rd -5th grades in the 6th district of Tehran with some lifestyle variables. This was a case-control study including 314 primary schoolgirls in the 3rd -5th grades, selected by simple cluster-sampling in the 6th district of Tehran. Data were collected on the following variables: body weight, height and body mass index (BMI); pocket money; types of snacks usually consumed and the amount of money spent on them; duration of daily sedentary activities and snack consumption during these activities; sleeping hours; skipping main meals; type of snack taken in case of skipping breakfast; physical activity; and how the girls went to school (i.e., on foot, by bus, etc.). The statistical tests used were Chi-square (or Fisher), Mann Whitney, one-way ANOVA, Turkey’s HSD, and backward stepwise regression. The following variables were positively associated with overweight and obesity in the schoolgirls: media use (such as TV watching, electronic games, computer using) during weekdays and weekends, pocket money and the proportion of it spent on snacks, frequency and kinds of snacks during sedentary activities, meal skipping frequency and the kind of snack substituted for breakfast. Sleep duration, frequency of snacking, daily physical activity, and walking duration (between school and home) were inversely related to overweight and obesity. No associations were found between overweight and obesity on the one hand and after-dinner snack or homework duration on the other hand. Overweight and obesity among the 3rd-5th grade are related to schoolgirls’ lifestyle variables, the most important of which are sleep duration, eating snacks when watching television or working with the computer, skipping breakfast or dinner, and pocket money and the proportion of it spent on snacks. Not all these associations are statistically significant.

Background and An appropriate nutrition throughout the lifespan is important. As adolescent girls nutrition status can affect community health in future. We decide to determine the frequency and composition of food from different groups of foods in adolescent girls of Sari (North of Iran). In the winter of 2004, 240 adolescent girls (14-18 years of age) from Sari high schools were randomly selected and food frequency questionnaires were completed. Also they were asked about their meals and snacks. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 11.5 software and the charts were drown using Microsoft Excel software. The results indicated that the most consumed foods in groups of meats, dairies, grains and potatoes, vegetables, fruits and junky foods were egg, yoghurt, rice, tomato, citrus and chocolate respectively. This survey showed Sari adolescent girls dietary habits (in the winter), and it could be a part of studies to design a food program for them.