جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Almond » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »
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The physical properties of almond kernel are necessary for the proper design of equipment for transporting, drying, processing, sorting, grading, and storage this crop. In this study, different models of ANNs with different activation functions were used to forecast surface area, volume, mass, and kernel density of almond. The results showed that multilayer perceptron network with tanh-tanh activation function as a goodness activation function can be estimated surface area, volume, mass, and kernel density with R2 value 0.983, 0.986, 0.981, and 0.982, respectively. Furthermore, the physical properties were fitted by regression relationships, the result showed linear regression method can be predicted surface area, volume, mass and kernel density with R2 value 0.979, 0.961, 0.945, and 0.791, respectively. Generally, the result showed neural network model had high ability to forecast the physical properties of almond than the linear regression method.Keywords: Artificial Neural Network, Almond, Axial dimensions, Engineering properties}
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Background
Hand Eczema (HE) is chronic skin disease with a high prevalence in population. It has negative impact on the quality of life. Due to the public interest in herbal remedies, we attempt to assess the efficacy of pumpkin ointment in treatment of chronic HE in this research.
MethodsThis study was conducted in an outpatient clinic at Imam-Khomeini Hospital in Tehran (Iran) from May 2015 to Nov 2016. We performed a double-blind trial on 60 patients with chronic HE randomized to four groups included pumpkin, betamethasone, eucerin and almond ointment (n=15 for each group) for 28 days. Patients were ordered to apply ointments twice a day. Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) of the patients were evaluated by a dermatologist on the 1st, 14th and 28th d after the start of treatment.
ResultsPatients’ DLQI scores in pumpkin and betamethasone group was significant and pumpkin group showed a better response in quality of life (P=0.001).Betamethasone and pumpkin ointment were effective and showed significant improvement compared with almond and eucerin and reduce HECSI scores (P=0.002 and P=0.012 respectively). Betamethasone ointment outcome on HECSI scores in comparison with topical pumpkin was significant (P<0.001). No clinically adverse effects were observed.
ConclusionAlthough pumpkin ointment showed a better response in patients’ DLQI in HE but it was less effective than betamethasone in decreasing HECSI.
Keywords: Hand eczema, Traditional medicine, Persian, Pumpkin, Almond, Betamethasone} -
مقدمهبیماری های قلبی عروقی از علل اصلی ناتوانی و مرگ و میر در سطح جهان هستند که شیوع آنها در ایران نیز رو به افزایش است. پژوهش حاضر به بررسی اثر مکمل عصاره بادام درختی همراه با فعالیت هوازی بر نیمرخ لیپیدی در مردان با چربی خون بالا می پردازد.روش بررسیدر طرح نیمه تجربی 48 مرد 5 ±40 ساله به صورت کاملا تصادفی در چهار گروه 1) تمرین هوازی، 2) تمرین هوازی همراه با مصرف بادام، 3) مصرف بادام و 4) کنترل تقسیم شدند. گروه 2 و 3 روزانه به مقدار 60 گرم مغز بادام به مدت 56 روز مصرف کردند. فعالیت ورزشی هوازی به مدت 8 هفته با یا بدون مصرف بادام انجام شد. نمونه های خونی طی دو مرحله (پیش و پس از دوره تحقیق) از افراد اخذ گردید. نیمرخ لیپیدی با روش اسپکتروفتومتر بررسی شد. داده ها با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس و آزمون تعقیبی LSD بررسی شد.یافته هامصرف 8 هفته مکمل بادام همراه با فعالیت ورزشی تاثیر معنی داری بر نیمرخ لیپیدی پایه داشت (05/0p≤). نیمرخ لیپیدی در گروه های بدون فعالیت ورزشی تفاوت معناداری نداشتند (05/0p>).بحث و نتیجه گیریبر اساس یافته های این مطالعه می توان نتیجه گرفت که مصرف 8 هفته مکمل بادام همراه با فعالیت ورزشی هوازی تاثیر بیشتری بر نیمرخ لیپیدی مردان میانسال دارد.کلید واژگان: تمرین هوازی, بادام, هایپرلیپیدمی, مردان}EBNESINA, Volume:18 Issue: 2, 2016, PP 26 -31BackgroundCardiovascular diseases are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the world that the prevalence is increasing in Iran. This study investigated the effect of almond extract supplement combined with aerobic exercise on lipid profile in men with elevated blood lipids.Materials And MethodsIn a quasi-experimental design, 48 men aged 40±5 year-old were divided randomly into four groups: aerobic exercise group, aerobic exercise group plus consumption of almond, almond consumption group, and control group. The second and third groups consumed 60g almonds per day for 56 days.. Aerobic exercise was performed for eight weeks with or without almond. Blood samples were taken in two steps (before and after the test). Lipid profile was measured by spectrophotometry. The data was analyzed using analysis of variance and LSD test.ResultsEight weeks consumption of almond supplementation combined with exercise training had a significant effect on the base of lipid profile (p≤0.05). Lipid profiles were not significantly different in the groups without exercise (p>0.05).ConclusionAccording to this study, it can be concluded that eight weeks consumption of almond supplementation combined with aerobic exercise has a greater influence on the lipid profile in obese men.Keywords: Aerobic Exercise, Almond, Hyperlipidemias, Males}
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زمینهیکی از شایع ترین آلاینده های محیط زیست که در آب های زیرزمینی و سطحی وجود دارد نیترات است. غلظت بالای نیترات در آب آشامیدنی سبب بیماری هایی مثل متهموگلوبین در کودکان، سرطان معده و سقط جنین می شود. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی ایزوترم جذب کربن پوست بادام فعال شده با نانو ذرات مغناطیسی آهن و بررسی کارایی آن در حذف نیترات از محیط های آبی بوده است.روش بررسیاین مطالعه به روش تجربی انجام گرفت. مرفولوژی جاذب سنتز شده با استفاده از روش های FESEM و BET مورد آنالیز قرار گرفت. پارامترهای موثر بر فرایند جذب یون نیترات از جمله pH (8-4)، میزان جاذب(1-25/0 گرم در لیتر)، غلظت اولیه یون نیترات(400-25 میلی گرم در لیتر) و زمان تماس(100-20 دقیقه) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در این مطالعه از روش تاگوچی جهت تعیین حجم نمونه و آنالیز آماری استفاده شد.یافتهیافته های حاصل از روش های FESEM و BET تایید کرد که نانوذرات مغناطیسی آهن در جاذب سنتز شده دارای اندازه متوسطnm 27-23 و سطح ویژه برابر با g/m2 480/105 بوده است. نتایج نشان داد که درpH بهینه برابر با 4 و زمان تعادل 20 دقیقه، کارایی جذب با افزایش مقدار جاذب تا g/l 1و کاهش غلظت اولیه یون نیترات افزایش یافت (6/4 86/85 %). نتایج ایزوترم تعادلی نشان داد که فرآیند جذب نیترات از ایزوترم لانگمیر (924/0=R2) پیروی می کند.نتیجه گیرییافته ها نشان دادند که پوست بادام فعال شده با نانوذره آهن از توانایی مطلوبی در حذف یون نیترات از محلول های آبی برخوردار است. بنابراین با استفاده از این فناوری نسبتا راحت و ساده، می توان گام موثری را در حذف نیترات آبها برداشت.
کلید واژگان: جذب سطحی, بادام, ایزوترم جذب, نانوذرات مغناطیسی, نیترات}BackgroundOne of the most common environmental pollutants to groundwater and surface water are nitrates. High nitrate levels in drinking water causes diseases such as methemoglobinemia in children, gastric cancer and abortions. This study aimed to investigate the absorption isotherm of almond shell carbon activated with the magnetic nanoparticles to reduce nitrate in aqueous environments.MethodsIn This experimental study morphology of synthesized adsorbent was analyzed using FESEM and BET techniques. The effective parameters on nitrate ion absorption process such as pH (4-8), the amount of absorbent (0.25-1 g/L), the initial concentration of nitrate ions (25-400 mg/L) and contact time (20-100 min) were investigated. In this research, Taguchi method was applied for determining the sample size and statistical analysis.ResultsFindings of FESEM and BET techniques confirmed that magnetic nanoparticles size and specific surface area in the synthesized absorbent were 23-27 nm and 105.480 m2/g, respectively. At optimal pH 4 and equilibrium time of 20 min, absorption efficiency increased with absorbent increase by 1 g/L and reduction in the initial concentration of nitrate ions (85.86±4.6). The results of adsorption equilibrium isotherms showed that nitrate absorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm (R2=0.924).ConclusionThe almond shell activated with iron nanoparticles has a good ability to remove nitrate ions from aqueous solutions. So, use of this relatively easy and simple technology is an effective step in removing nitrate from water.Keywords: dsorption, almond, adsorption isotherm, magnetite nanoparticles, nitrate} -
مقدمهآفلاتوکسین ها از شایعترین و خطرناکترین مایکوتوکسین ها هستند که توسط قارچهای سمی که بر روی طیف وسیعی از مواد غذایی انسانی و حیوانی رشد میکند تولید میشوند. این گروه از سموم قارچی عوارض و خطراتی از جمله القاء سرطان کبد دارند. با توجه به معایب بعضی از روش های فیزیکی و شیمیایی برای کنترل آلودگی قارچها، اخیرآ توجه زیادی بر روی استفاده از عصاره گیاهان دارویی برای کنترل آلودگی های قارجی مولد آفلاتوکسین بر روی مواد غذایی شده است، لذا هدف از انجام این مطالعه بررسی تاثیر پوشش خوراکی حاوی عصاره دارچین بر روی مهار رشد آسپرژیلوس فلاووس مولد آفلاتوکسین بر روی مغز بادام می باشد.روش بررسیدر این مطالعه مداخله ای تجربی نمونه های مغز بادام را بطور تصادفی برای انجام مطالعه انتخاب شدند. نمونه های مغز بادام را ابتدا در محلول پوشش خوراکی آب پنیر حاوی3 درصد عصاره هیدروالکلی دارچین بصورت غوطه وری تیمار و سپس با سوسپانسیون 103×1کونیدی های قارچ آسپرژیلوس فلاووس مولد آفلاتوکسین آلوده شدند. میزان مهار آلودگی مغزهای بادام را با کشت محلول شستشوبادامهای آلوده شده و شمارش تعداد کونیدی های زنده قارچ ارزیابی شدند. در نهایت مقادیر MFC و MIC50 هر یک از عصاره مورد بررسی با تهیه رقتهای سریالی از عصاره ها و آلوده کردن با سوسپانسیون کونید قارچ مطابق با دستورالعمل روش استاندارد CLSI تعیین شدند.یافته هادر مجموع با مشاهده ماکروسکوپی مغزهای تیمار شده نشان داد که پوشش خوراکی حاوی عصاره 3% هیدروالکلی دارچین توان مهار کامل رشد قارچ مورد بررسی بر روی مغز بادام بود. با انجام تست آماری T زوج تفاوت آماری کاملآ معنی داری بین میانگین تعداد کلنی های جدا شده از کشت محلول شست و شوی مغزهای گروه تست و کنترل بدست آمد (0001/0)p=. میزان MFC و MIC50 برای دارچین به ترتیب معادل غلظت های 187 و 94 میلی گرم درصد بدست آمد.نتیجه گیرینتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که پوشش خوراکی حاوی عصاره دارچین درکنترل رشد قارچ آسپرژیلوس فلا ووس بر روی مغز بادام موثر میباشد. هر چند استفاده عملی از این عصاره ها نیاز مند بررسی های بیشتر اقتصادی، میکروبی و سم شناسی می باشد.کلید واژگان: بادام, آسپرژیلوس فلاووس, آفلاتوکسین, پوشش خوراکی, دارچین}Tolooe Behdasht, Volume:14 Issue: 6, 2016, PP 208 -220IntroductionAflatoxins are the most common and dangerous mycotoxins produced by species of Aspergillus and penicillium grow on a wide range of human and animal food. This group of mycotoxins has disorder and risks, including the induction of liver cancer. According to disadvantages for several physical and chemical methods, there are recently great deals of interest in the use of herbal extracts for control of fungal growth and aflatoxin contamination on food. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract on growth inhibition of aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus flavus on Almond's kernel.MethodsIn current experimental lab-trial study almond kernel samples were randomly selected for study. Almond kernel samples were firstly immersed in edible coating containing 3% hydro-alcoholic of Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract and then contaminated with 1×103 aflatoxin producer A. flavus conidial suspensions. The extract's inhibitory properties were evaluated using with enumeration of viable and cultivable fungal conidia on almond washing solutions. Finally MFC and MIC50 values of herbal extracts were measured by preparing of their serial dilutions that contaminated with fungal conidial suspensions using CLSI standard broth dilution method.ResultsIn general, the macroscopic observation of Almond kernel treated with edible coating of 3% Cinnamomum zeylanicum extracts showed full control of fungal growth. Statistical T test showed significant differences between the mean isolated colonies from culture of washing solutions from test and control samples (P= 0.0001). The MFC and MIC50 values value for Cinnamomum extract was concentration of 187 and 94 mg/100 respectively.ConclusionResults of present study showed that edible coating of Cinnamomum extracts was been effective in controlling of A. flavus colonization on Almond kernels. However, the practical uses of these extracts require more, antimicrobial, toxicology and economic studies.Keywords: Almond, Aspergillus flavus, Aflatoxin, Edible coating, Cinnamomum zeylanicum}
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Background and objectives
Amygdalus with a number of endemic species grow vastly in Iran. Edible sweet almond (A. communis), is cultivated in many countries due to its pharmaceutical, nutritional and cosmetic importance; while almond oil which is rich in oleic acid is known for its economic interest. In the present study, the amount and constituents of oil of six Amygdalus species including A. communis, A. Iranshahrii, A. scoparia, A. lycioides, A. reticulata and A. elaeagnifolia have been analyzed.
MethodsThe oil of the plants fruits were obtained with hot and cold methods using n-hexane and their percentages were compared. Then, the oils were analysed by GC after methylation of their constituents.
ResultsThe results demonstrated that the hot method gave higher oil yield than cold method. The amounts of the species oils were almost similar except for A. Iranshahrii which contained the least amount of the oil. The most dominant constituents of the oils comprised of palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids with almost the same pattern, consisting of mostly oleic acid followed by linoleic and palmitic acids. In all samples only little amounts of stearic acid was detectable.
ConclusionConsidering the results of the present study, the evaluated species are of high economic value and could be used as alternatives to sweet almond in pharmaceutical, nutritional and cosmetic industries.
Keywords: almond, Amygdalus, Fatty Acid, fixed oil, GC, Oleic acid} -
ObjectivesAlmond (Prunus amygdalus) hull and shell are agricultural by-products that are a source of phenolic compounds.The processing of almond produce shell and hull, accounts for more than 50% by dry weight of the almond fruits. Recently, more studies have focused on the influence of storage conditions and postharvest handling on the nutritional quality of fruits, especially the antioxidant phenolics. In this study, influence of long-term storage (five years) on the total phenolic and antioxidant capacity of almond hull and shell from different genotypes was evaluated.Materials And MethodsThe fruits of subjected genotypes were collected and their hull and shell were separated. They were dried and reduced to fine powder. This powder stored at room temperature for five years. The total phenolic content (TPC) and bioactivities (antioxidant potential: DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging and reducing power) of extracts were evaluated using spectrophotometric methods.ResultsIt was found that TPC content and bioactivity levels in the stored almond hull and shell were different, compared to the hulls and shells which were evaluated in 2007. S1-4 genotype had the highest TPC and reducing power in its hull and shell.Low correlation coefficient was observed between phenolic content and the DPPH radical scavenging percentage in hull and shell extract.ConclusionsFor the first time, results of this investigation showed that storage can influence the antioxidant and antiradical potential of almond hull and shell.Keywords: Almond, Hull, Shell, Genotype, Radical scavenging, Storage}
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BackgroundDue to the wholesome benefits of nuts increased consumption of them has been recommended. However, because of nut’s high energy density, the role of them in the treatment of overweight and obesity is vague. This current clinical trial study aims to investigate the effects of a balanced hypocaloric almond-enriched diet (AED) (almond group) in comparison to a balanced hypocaloric nut-free diet (NFD) (nut-free group) on body weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in women with body mass index (BMI) >25 for 3-month.Materials And MethodsA total of 108 overweight and obese women were assigned in our 3-month randomized controlled trial. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups regarding a balanced hypocaloric diet with or without almond. The planned reduced calorie diets for both groups were identical except for the almond group who consumed 50 g of almonds daily. Anthropometric and laboratory measurements of the participants who completed the study were made prior to and at the end of the study.ResultsA total of 100 subjects completed the study. Weight, BMI, waist circumference, waist to hip circumference ratio, total cholesterol, and triglyceride, total: High density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood sugar and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly in the almond group compared to the nut-free group (P > 0.001). Greater reduction in low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P > 0.002) and systolic blood pressure (P > 0.001) and greater increase in HDL-C (P = 0.001) were found in the nut-free group.ConclusionThe balanced hypocaloric AED in comparison to the balanced hypocaloric NFD led to a greater weight-loss and overall better improvements in studied cardiovascular disease risk factors.Keywords: Almond, blood glucose, caloric restriction, lipids, nuts, obesity, overweight, weight, loss, weight reduction program}
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