جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Bone Mineral Density » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »
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Background
Osteoporosis and osteopenia considered as severe problems in Beta thalassemia major (BTM) that can lead to bone fractures. We aimed to investigate bone mineral density status and the laboratory parameters related to bone metabolism in BTM patients and compare the statically differences between the mentioned parameters in the patients with or without bone fractures.
MethodsThe results of laboratory parameters including; Hemoglobin (Hb), Calcium (Ca), Vitamin D (Vit D), Phosphorus (P), Magnesium (Mg), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Ferritin (FER), Serum Iron (SFe), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), T3, T4 and Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), and BMD (by using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) method) were investigated in 143 BTM patients from thalassemia center of Dezful University of Medical Sciences in 2023.
ResultsSeventy-two women and 71 men with confirmed BTM diagnosis with age range (32.4 ± 9.7) were entered in the study. Laboratory parameters including TSH, T3, T4, ALP, FER 247) and SFe showed a significant difference between fracture and non-fracture groups respectively (P≤0.05). In this study, Z-Score between -1.1 and -2.4 was considered osteopenia, and below -2.5 was osteoporosis. Among the studied patients 36.6%, 39.1% and 24.2% had normal bone density, osteopenia and had osteoporosis respectively.
ConclusionOsteopenia and osteoporosis had a high frequency among the studied patients that can prone them to bone fractures. Continuous examinations of laboratory tests, especially T3, T4, TSH, FER, SFE, can be helpful for faster diagnosis and therapeutic interventions to prevent the occurrence of osteopenia and pathological fractures.
Keywords: Bone Mineral Density, Osteoporosis, Osteopenia, Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Method, Beta Thalassemia Major} -
The health-related quality of life and management of patients with thalassemia has significantly improved in recent years due to standard treatments and safe blood transfusions with effective chelation therapy to reduce iron overload. Transfusion-dependent thalassemia is associated with numerous skeletal abnormalities, including osteoporosis, which is a significant cause of morbidity in these patients. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and an increased risk of fractures, particularly in the lumbar spine and in patients with extramedullary hematopoiesis. It remains a significant problem in adult transfusion-dependent thalassemia, particularly in patients under chelation therapy. A fracture history is significantly associated with lower Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) T/Z scores, which decrease with age. Improved management and modern treatments for transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients with osteoporosis should be prioritized to prevent bone fractures and improve quality of life in older age.
Keywords: Osteoporosis, Transfusion, Thalassemia, Bone mineral density, Fracture} -
Objectives
Since various medications can control the rate of fractures and subsequent complications of osteoporosis, the early detection of the disease is crucial. This systematic study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of Singh index (SI) with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) as a benchmark standard for diagnosing osteoporosis.
MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) were utilized in the current study. A detailed search was carried out using PubMed and Scopus from inception to 30 May 2022. Examining quality of the studies was performed by the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2).
ResultsA total of 22 studies were included. In general, 50% of the studies considered SI a poor screening tool for detecting osteoporosis due to a negligible inter-observer agreement between SI and DEXA or a poor correlation of SI with the bone mineral density (BMD) category or DEXA T-score. A moderate inter-observer agreement was reported for SI in 5 (55.6%) studies. Among the studies assessing the sensitivity and specificity of SI compared to DEXA (n=13), six studies estimated a low sensitivity for SI.
ConclusionWhile there is supporting evidence indicating the potential usefulness of SI for predicting femoral neck fractures in individuals with suspected osteoporosis, numerous studies challenge its reliability and diagnostic value as a screening tool for identifying femoral neck osteoporosis. Further primary studies are required to verify the effectiveness of the SI index in identifying populations at risk of osteoporosis. Level of evidence: V
Keywords: Bone mineral density, DEXA, Dual-energy X-ray, Osteoporosis, Singh index} -
Background
The prevalence of short stature was reported high in thalassemia major patients. It causes mental and social problems for them. As different cut-off points for growth retardation are suggested in these patients, it is desirable to find a careful cut-off age using statistical analysis to help patients before it is too late.
MethodsData from 803 thalassemia major patients was extracted from questionnaires completed in person by the operator. They contained demographic data, family, medical, and drug history. Height and weight measurements were conducted by only one device. The mean age was 20±7 years and there were 420 females in the sample. Children (<20 years of age) constituted 47% of the participants. Patients who reported a major risk factor for osteoporosis were omitted from this study. The SPSS software, version 16 was used for the statistical analysis
ResultsShort stature was found in 32% of patients. Being 10 to 11 years old or above increased the risk of short stature, 28.5 and 21.4 times, respectively compared to younger patients (P<0.001). On the other hand, after 7 years of age up to 18 years of age, similar to 10 years of age and 11 years of age, increases the risk of short stature. Also being 27 years old and 30 years old and above increases the risk of short stature 1.4 and 1.7 times, respectively, compared to younger patients (P=0.042 and <0.018, respectively).
ConclusionsAwareness of short stature and monitoring it in thalassemic patients should be done in their childhood. Accordingly, being 7 years old or above increases the risk of short stature; therefore, we suggest the start of monitoring as early as 5 years of age.
Keywords: Cut-off point, Growth, Thalassemia, Bone mineral density, Short stature} -
Background
Whether the endocrine aberrations caused by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) might influence bone density in women of reproductive age is controversial.
ObjectivesThe present study aimed to compare PCOS women to a control group matched in terms of age and body mass index (BMI) regarding bone indices and to clarify the potential relationship between their hormonal changes and bone density.
MethodsThis case-control study consisted of 61 PCOS patients, and 35 women with normal ovulatory function served as controls. Bone parameters, including bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in addition to T- and Z-scores, were measured at the lumbar vertebrae, neck of the left femur, hip, and distal part of the radial bone, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood samples were taken to be tested for biochemical parameters and serum concentrations of insulin, osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and estradiol were measured. Insulin resistance was evaluated through the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
ResultsThe results revealed greater levels of HOMA-IR and total testosterone in PCOS women than in controls. Nevertheless, the two groups were comparable in terms of bone parameters. In the control group, BMI was the only determinant of bone density at most of the skeletal sites. Nonetheless, BMI and HOMA-IR were independently and positively associated with bone indices at the femoral neck (FN) and total hip in the PCOS group. Parathyroid hormone and vitamin D concentrations were not different in the two groups. However, phosphate levels were higher in PCOS patients (P = 0.025). Osteocalcin was inversely correlated to BMI, and both groups had a negative correlation betweenDHEASand PTH. Serum phosphate was inversely and independently associated with estrogen in the PCOS group (r = -0.377, P = 0.004).
ConclusionsBody mass index and HOMA-IR were independent and positive determinants of FN and total hip bone density in the PCOS subjects. Nonetheless, in the non-PCOS women, BMI was the only independent determinant of bone density at most of the skeletal sites. Additionally, osteocalcin was inversely correlated with BMI in both groups.
Keywords: Bone Mineral Density, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, Body Mass Index, Osteocalcin, Phosphate} -
Background
Despite the many therapeutic benefits of swimming, there is still conflicting evidence about its benefits for bone health and osteoporosis prevention, especially in elite swimmers according to their sex. It is known that sex differences can affect the acquisition of minerals by the bone.
ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to compare the bone mineral density (BMD) of swimmers with that of non-athletes (NA) and compare the corresponding values in male (MS) and female swimmers (FS).
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed on young athletes (18 - 24 years old) of the Iranian national swimming team, who were training for at least 11 hours per week and NA. To this end, 56 swimmers (14 males, 14 females) and NA (14 males, 14 females) were enrolled in 4 groups. The DEXA device was used to assess BMD (g/cm2) and T-scores of the proximal femur and lumbar spine.
ResultsAll the swimmers had significantly higher BMD of the femur neck, trochanter, Ward’s triangle, and lumbar spine than NA (males/females) (P < .05). Also, the BMD of FS (except in trochanter and Ward’s triangle) was significantly higher than MS (P < .05). Finally, T-scores of FS in lumbar spine and femur neck areas were significantly higher than MS and NA (P < .05).
ConclusionsUnexpectedly, BMD relatively improved by performing competitive swimming. Meanwhile, FS, especially in the femur neck, seemed more adaptable to swimming-related loads and BMD acquisition in comparison to MS. Further studies are needed to determine the definitive response to bone acquisition by sex, given the limitations of the present study.
Keywords: Swimming, Exercise, Bone Mineral Density, Osteoporosis, Sex} -
ObjectivesThe present study aimed to determine the prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD)and low bone mineral content (BMC) as chronic complications of juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus(JSLE) and identify the associated variables and patient characteristics to investigate the relationshipbetween BMD and influential factors.MethodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled 54 patients with JSLE, including 38 females and 16 males. The BMDand BMC were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the hip (femoral neck) and the lumbar spine. LowBMD was considered a Z-score < -2. The study investigated the association of BMC and Z-score with the currentdaily dose of corticosteroids, the daily dose of corticosteroids at disease onset, the duration of disease, the durationof steroid treatment, the time from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis, and renal involvement.ResultsThe prevalence of low BMD in the lumbar spine and the femoral neck was 14.8% and 18.5%, respectively;the reduction of BMD was more significant in the femoral neck compared to the lumbar spine. Osteoporosis wasdetected in one patient. The multiple linear regression analysis found a significant association between a higherdaily corticosteroid dose and lower BMC of the femoral neck and the lumbar spine. In addition, patients receivinghigher doses of corticosteroids at disease onset showed better follow-up bone mineral densitometry results.ConclusionBased on the findings of this study, JSLE more affects the femoral neck than the lumbar spine. Patientsreceiving a more robust treatment with higher doses of corticosteroids at disease onset (to control the inflammatoryprocesses) showed better spinal BMC results. A higher dose of daily corticosteroid treatment during assessmentwas identified as a risk factor for low BMD. Level of evidence: IVKeywords: Bone Mineral Content, Bone mineral density, Children, Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematous, SLE}
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پیش زمینه
تمرین مداوم با شدت متوسط، MICT (Moderate intensity continuous training)، به عنوان یک تمرین موثر بر متابولیسم استخوان گزارش شده است. با این حال، مطالعات بسیار کمی روی تمرینات تناوبی با شدت بالا، HIIT (high-intensity interval training)، متمرکز شده اند. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی و مقایسه اثرات 8 هفته تمرین HIIT و MICT بر تراکم استخوان در موش های صحرایی میانسال بود.
مواد و روش ها30 سر موش صحرایی نر از نژاد ویستار (16هفته ای) به طور تصادفی در سه گروه کنترل، MICT و HIIT قرار گرفتند. هر دو گروه، 5 جلسه تمرین روی نوارگردان (treadmill) را به مدت 8 هفته تکمیل کردند. در این برنامه از گروه HIIT خواسته شد تا 10 جلسه دویدن با سرعت 35 تا 47 متر در دقیقه را با ریکاوری فعال 2 دقیقه ای انجام دهند و گروه MICT، 10 تا 45 دقیقه دویدن مداوم با سرعت 15تا 20 متر در دقیقه را انجام دادند. ترکیب بدنی و تراکم استخوان BMD (Bone mineral density)، قبل و پس از مداخله از طریق جذب سنجی دوگانه اشعه ایکس، DEXA (Dual Xray absorptiometry)، اندازه گیری شد. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS و آزمون های آنالیز واریانس یک راهه و تعقیبی توکی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته هاپس از 8 هفته مداخله، BMD کل بدن و استخوان ران به طور معنی دار در دو گروه افزایش یافت (05/0≥p)، هر چند تغییر مشاهده شده در گروه تمرین HIIT بیشتر بود (05/0≥p). بعلاوه، در مورد BMD مهره کمری بین هر سه گروه بعد از مداخله اختلاف معنی داری مشاهده نشد (05/0≤p).
نتیجه گیریاین یافته ها نشان داد که یک دوره تمرین HIIT و MICT می تواند تراکم استخوان را در موش های صحرایی میانسال بهبود بخشد و در مقایسه با MICT، HIIT مزایای بیشتری بر تراکم استخوان به همراه داشت.
کلید واژگان: موش صحرایی, پوکی استخوان, دویدن, تراکم مواد معدنی استخوان}BackgroundModerate intensity continuous training (MICT) has been reported as an effective exercise on bone metabolism. However, very few studies have focused on high-intensity interval training (HIIT). The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of HIIT and MICT training on bone density in middle-aged rats.
Methods30 male Wistar rats (16 weeks old) were randomly divided into three groups: control, MICT and HIIT. Both test groups completed 8 weeks (5 sessions per week) of treadmill training in which the HIIT group performed 10 sessions of running at a speed of 35-47 m/min with a 2-minute active recovery, and the HIIT group ran continuously for 10-45 minutes at a speed of 15-20 meters per minute. The body composition and bone mineral density in the whole body were evaluated through Dual Xray absorptiometry (DXA) at the beginning and after the intervention. The data was analyzed using SPSS software and one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests.
ResultsAfter 8 weeks of intervention, BMD of the whole body and femur increased significantly in both groups (p0≥0.05), although the observed change was greater in the HIIT group (p≥0.05). In addition, in the case of BMD of the lumbar vertebra, no significant difference was observed between all three groups after the intervention (p≤0.05).
ConclusionThese findings show that a period of HIIT and MICT training can improve bone density in middle-aged rats and compared to MICT, HIIT had more benefits on bone density.
Keywords: Wistar rat, Osteoporosis, Running, Bone mineral density} -
Background
The menopause stage in women reduces estrogen levels and bone indicators. This study compared the effects of highintensity resistance training (HIRT) and low-intensity resistance training (LIRT) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), T-score, and Z-score in postmenopausal women with osteopenia.
MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted among 45 postmenopausal women, aged 50 to 60, who were randomly assigned into 3 parallel groups (n = 15 in each). The exercise program was performed by the interventional groups—the HIRT and LIRT groups—at 4 different intensities, 3 times a week for 24 weeks: 8 repetitions at 80% of 1 repetition maximum and 16 repetitions at 40% of 1 repetition maximum. The evaluated areas (BMD, BMC, T-score, and Z-score) included the lumbar spine (LS) and the femur neck (FN) using a DEXA machine. One-way analysis of covariance and Bonferroni's post hoc tests were used for data analysis.
ResultsThe results indicated significant differences in BMD, BMC, T-scores, and Z-scores between the means of the LS and the FN in all groups. In addition, significant differences were revealed in the BMC of the LS, the BMD, T-scores (P < 0.001), Z-scores (P = 0.001), and in the BMC of the FN (P < 0.001), the BMD (P = 0.001), T-scores, and Z-scores (P < 0.001), respectively. In addition, the HIRT group's bone indices were considerably greater than those of the LIRT group (P < 0.00). Nonetheless, LIRT was significantly greater than that of the control group (P > 0.00).
ConclusionAccording to the current findings, HIRT seems to be the most effective training program compared with LIRT for bone indicators improvement in the femur neck and the lumbar spine among postmenopausal women with osteopenia.
Keywords: Bone Mineral Content, Bone Mineral Density, Bone Rehabilitation, Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal} -
مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، سال سی و یکم شماره 6 (پیاپی 202، شهریور 1402)، صص 6732 -6745مقدمه
استیوپنی و استیوپروز یکی از عوارض اصلی بتا تالاسمی ماژور هستند. هدف از مطالعه حاضر، تعیین فراوانی عوامل مرتبط با کاهش تراکم استخوان بیماران تالاسمی ماژور است.
روش بررسیدر این مطالعه گذشته نگر، تراکم استخوانی مهره های کمری و سر استخوان ران در بیماران تالاسمی با روش جذب اشعه ایکس با انرژی دوگانه، ارزیابی و ارتباط نوع شلاتورهای آهن، دیابت، فریتین بالای 3000 ng/mL، هموگلوبین زیر 8 گرم/دسی لیتر، مصرف هیدروکسی اوره، سیروز کبدی، رسوب آهن و قلبی کبدی متوسط تا شدید با میزان تراکم استخوان مشخص شدند. اطلاعات از رجیستری تالاسمی درسال 1398 گرداوری شد و تجزیه و تحلیل آماری توسط نرم افزار STATA-13 انجام شد.
نتایجاز 1959 نفر ثبت شده در سامانه، 139 نفر (7/09درصد) یافته تراکم استخوان داشتند (53 مرد و 86 زن). شیوع تراکم استخوانی غیرطبیعی در کمر و سر فمور به ترتیب (52/48 تا 47/66) 57/5 و (40/18 تا 57/52) 85/48 درصد بود. بعد از تعدیل اثرات مداخله گرهای احتمالی، شانس تراکم استخوان غیر طبیعی در بیماران مصرف کننده هیدروکسی اوره و دفرازیروکس به ترتیب (0/03 تا 1/73) 0/24 و (0/03 تا69/1) 25/0 بود. بیشترین شانس در بیماران با رسوب آهن قلبی و کبدی متوسط تا شدید به ترتیب (18/0 تا22/360) 21/8 و (60/0تا 83/74) 72/6 بود.
نتیجه گیریشیوع استیوپنی و استیوپروز میان بیماران تالاسمی ماژور مورد بررسی بالا است. مصرف هیدروکسی اوره و دفرازیروکس مهم ترین عامل محافظت کننده و رسوب قلبی و کبدی متوسط تا شدید مهم ترین عامل خطر تراکم استخوانی غیرطبیعی می باشند.
کلید واژگان: بتا تالاسمی ماژور, تراکم استخوان, استئوپروز, عوامل خطر}Journal of Shaeed Sdoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd, Volume:31 Issue: 6, 2023, PP 6732 -6745IntroductionOsteoPenia and osteoPorosis are known to be one of the main comPlications of β-thalassemia major (β-TM). The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with decreased bone density of these Patients.
MethodsLumbar and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) in β-TM Patients characterized via Dual-energy X-ray absorPtiometry (DXA) to PinPoint the association of iron chelators, diabetes mellitus, serum ferritin above 3000 ng/mL, hemoglobin below 8 gr/dl, using hydroxyurea, liver siderosis and moderate to severe hePatic and cardiac siderosis with BMD. The information was collected from the thalassemia registry in 2019 and statistical analysis was Performed by STATA-13 software.
ResultsOut of 1959 ParticiPants with β-thalassemia major registered in the registry, 139 ones (7.09%) had bone mineral density (53 males and 86 females). The Prevalence of abnormal bone density in the lumbar and femoral neck was (52.48 to 47.66) 57.5 and (40.18 to 57.52) 48.85 Percent, resPectively. After adjusting for the effects of Possible interventions, the odds ratio of abnormal bone density in the Patients consuming hydroxyurea and deferasirox were 0.24 (0.03 to 1.73) and 0.25 (0.03 to 1.69), resPectively. The highest odds were 8.21 (0.18 to 360.22), and 6.72 (0.60 to 74.83) for moderate to severe cardiac and hePatic dePosition, resPectively.
ConclusionThe Prevalence of osteoPenia and osteoPorosis is high among thalassemia major Patients. ConsumPtion of hydroxyurea and deferasirox is the most imPortant Protective factor and moderate to severe cardiac and hePatic siderosis are the most imPortant risk factors for abnormal bone density.
Keywords: β-thalassemia Major, Bone mineral density, OsteoPorosis, Risk factors} -
IntroductionMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is comprised of a clustering of various cardiovascular risk factors that can also affect bone health. We aimed the associations between MetS and bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) in subjects with abdominal adiposity.MethodsIndividuals with body mass index less than 25 kg/m2 were enrolled from the SUVINA study and allocated into two groups according criteria of IDF for metabolic syndrome. TBS T-score and Z/T score of fore skeletal region were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). SPSS software was used for statistical analysis and p value 0<0.05 was considered significant.ResultsDXA measurements were made in 201 participants, of whom 75 had MetS and 126 did not. Scores related to the neck of femur and total femur, radius Z-score and TBST-score were lower in subjects with MetS (all P<0.05). Subjects with FBG≥100 had lower TBST-score (p < 0.05). SBP≥130 and DBP≥85 in subjects, led to the lower TBST-score, and lumbar T-score (both P < 0.05). Subjects with (LDL-C≥160 mg/dl) had lower TBST-score, neck of femur Z score, and total femur T/Z scores (all P < 0.05). TBST-score and scores related to neck of femur, and total femur were lower in participants with serum cholesterol≥200 mg/dl (P < 0.05).ConclusionMetS is negatively associated with TBS and BMD scores. Higher levels of LDL-C and cholesterol were the most associated factors related to TBST-score decrease. The neck of femur was the most vulnerable skeletal against the MetS components increment.Keywords: Trabecular bone score, Bone mineral density, metabolic syndrome, Serum lipids}
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Background
Osteoporosis is a known entity in individuals with celiac disease (CD).
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) measurements in children with CD.
MethodsThis was a retrospective design study in a tertiary hospital in Turkey.
ResultsTotally 106 patients were included, and the mean age was 10.2 ± 3.9 years. The mean L1-L4 Z score was 0.730 ± 0.197 (based on sex and height in Turkish children). About 20.7% (n = 22) had a history of at least one fracture and/or bone pain. Bone mineral density values obtained from lumbar (L1-L4) vertebrae were significantly lower in patients with a prior fracture and/or bone pain compared to the patient group without a fracture (0.822 ± 0.242 g/cm2 vs 0.706 ± 0.178 g/cm2, respectively; P = 0.047). L1-L4 Z score (based on sex and height in Turkish children) was lower in patients with a body mass index (BMI) SDS value below -2 (moderately or severely malnourished) than those with a BMI SDS above -2 (0.02 ± 1.19 vs 1.4 ± 1.82, respectively; P = 0.014). A moderate positive correlation (r = 0.547; P < 0.01) was found between somatomedin-C (IGF-1) level and L1-L4 BMD (g/cm2) measurement. It was remarkable that low BMD was not identified in any patients using L1-L4 Z-score by height and L1-L4 Z-score by age of Turkish children. Nine (8.5%) patients were found to have low BMD using the United States (US) age- and sex-specific L1-L4 Z-score from the GE Healthcare Lunar iDXA system.
ConclusionsBone mineral density should be screened considering risk factors for suboptimal bone health in children with celiac disease. False "normal" BMD interpretations can be avoided by taking into account the model of the BMD measuring device and by using the device's normal ranges in case of inconsistency with the Turkish reference values.
Keywords: Celiac Disease, Pediatric, Osteoporosis, Bone Mineral Density} -
Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench Journal, Volume:16 Issue: 2, Spring 2023, PP 167 -172Aim
The current study aims to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with celiac disease who were referred to the celiac clinic of Shahid Rahimi Hospital in Khorramabad, Iran, in 2020.
BackgroundExtraintestinal presentations of celiac disease are widespread and, if neglected, can be devastating. Osteoporosis, one of the extraintestinal manifestations of celiac disease, often remains undiagnosed until advanced stages and can impose a significant burden on patients with celiac and health systems. Nonetheless, the prevalence and characteristics of osteoporosis in celiac disease are unknown in Iran.
MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study at the celiac clinic of Shahid Rahimi Hospital in Khorramabad, Iran. Participants were 48 patients under 18 years diagnosed with Marsh II and Marsh III stages of celiac disease (who need to be on a gluten-free diet) at the pediatrics celiac clinic in 2020. All patients were recruited, completed a questionnaire, and had their blood biochemical parameters analyzed. Then their bone mineral density (BMD) was measured through dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at the Asia Imaging Center in Khorramabad under the supervision of a radiologist and pediatric rheumatologist.
ResultsThe mean age of the children was 9.96±3.17 years. The minimum and maximum ages of the participants were 4 and 17 years, respectively. Of all 48 children who were included (48), 34 (70.8%) were female, and 14 (29.2%) were male. In the femoral region bone densitometry, 35.4% were normal, 41.7% had lower limit normal, and 22.9% had low bone density. In the lumbar region, 39.6% were normal, 25% were Lower limit normal, and 35.4% had low bone density. No significant correlation was found between age, sex, place of residence, Marsh stage, gluten-free diet, and bone densitometry in both lumbar and femoral regions. Nonetheless, we detected a statistically significant relationship between bone density in the lumbar region and two HLA types, namely HLA DQ8 and HLA DQ2/8 (P=0.016).
ConclusionThe results of the current study provided further evidence that all children with advanced celiac disease should be screened for metabolic bone diseases. Besides those in Marsh II and Marsh III, patients in Marsh I stage should also be investigated for low bone mineral density.
Keywords: Celiac disease, Bone mineral density, Osteoporosis} -
Background and Method
Psoriasis is one of the most common skin diseases. For the first time in Iran, we conducted a case-control study to evaluate bone mineral density in patients with psoriasis vulgaris in comparison with a healthy control group (20 individuals in each group). Our study sample included patients referred to the dermatology clinic of Razi Hospital in Ghaemshahr, Iran, between May and October 2019. Densitometry was performed by the DEXA method on the 2nd to 4th lumbar vertebrae and hip bone. Patients’ demographic information and Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) scores were recorded and analyzed using SPSS version 22.
ResultsThe mean T-score in the case and control groups were -0.47 ± 1.04 and -0.19 ± 0.45, respectively (P = 0.274). The mean T-score had a significant inverse correlation with an age of 40 years or above (r = -0.873 and P < 0.001), disease duration of more than five years (r = -0.599, P = 0.05), and PASI score (r = -0.523, P = 0.001), but had a positive correlation with sunlight exposure (r = 0.581, P < 0.001).
ConclusionConsidering the decrease in bone density in patients with psoriasis and its relationship with the disease severity and duration and the effectiveness of sunlight in increasing bone density, preventive treatment should be provided for all patients to increase bone density and prevent osteoporosis.
Keywords: psoriasis vulgaris, Bone mineral density, DEXA} -
سابقه و هدف
استیوپروز و پریودنتیت دو بیماری مرتبط با از دست رفتن استخوان می باشند که در میان زنان یایسه شایع است. استیوپروز یک اختلال استخوانی سیستمیک و پریودنتیت مسبب تحلیل موضعی استخوان آلویول است. مطالعات بسیاری در مورد تاثیر استیوپروز بر بافت پریودنتال انجام شده اما نتایج آن ها ضد و نقیض است، بنابراین هدف از مطالعه حاضر تعیین رابطه استیوپورز با وضعیت پریودنتال در زنان یایسه بود.
مواد و روش هااین مطالعه مقطعی، بخشی از فاز دوم پروژه سلامت و سالمندی شهر امیرکلا (شمال ایران) بود که در آن 210 زن سالمند یایسه به صورت تصادفی در سه گروه 70 نفره انتخاب شدند.گروه ها شامل زنان یایسه با دانسیته استخوانی نرمال، استیوپروتیک و استیوپنیک بودند. وضعیت پریودنتال از طریق شاخص های PDI (Periodontal disease index)، PI(Plaque Index) و OHI-S (Simplified Oral Hygiene Index) اندازه گیری شد. توده معدنی استخوانی(BMD) با روش جذب سنجی اشعه ایکس با انرژی مضاعف (DEXA) دانسیتومتری اندازه گیری شد. داده ها با نرم افزار 17SPSS و آزمون های آماریANOVA ،کروسکال والیس و ضرایب همبستگی پیرسون ارزیابی گردید.
یافته هامیانگین سنی شرکت کنندگان 4/36±65/24 سال بود. میان میانگین شاخص های OHI(1/40±2/26)، PDI (1/42±2/76) و PI (0/87±1/23) در گروه استیوپروتیک، با میانگینOHI(1/62±2/01)، PDI (1/61±2/56) و PI (0/91±1/35) در گروه استیوپنی و میانگین OHI(1/37±1/73)، PDI (1/43±2/47) و PI (0/87±1/23) در گروه نرمال، تفاوت ها از نظر آماری معنادار نبود(0/05˃P). OHI، PDI و PI با BMD همبستگی خفیف منفی اما غیرمعنی داری نشان دادند.
استنتاجبراساس مطالعه حاضر میان استیوپورز و وضعیت پریودنتال زنان یایسه ارتباطی وجود ندارد.
کلید واژگان: استئوپنی, یائسگی, پریودنتیت, دانسیته معدنی استخوانی}Background and purposeOsteoporosis and periodontitis are two diseases associated with bone loss and are common among postmenopausal women. There are many contradictory results on the effect of osteoporosis on periodontal tissue. This study aimed to determine the association between osteoporosis and periodontal status in postmenopausal women.
Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study was part of the second phase of the Amir kola Health and Aging Project (AHAP), in which 210 postmenopausal women were randomly divided into three groups (n=70 per group); normal bone density group, osteopenic group, and osteoporotic group. Periodontal status was measured using Periodontal Disease Index (PDI), Plaque Index (PI), and Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S). Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Data were analyzed in SPSS V17 applying ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Pearson correlation coefficient.
ResultsThe average age of the participants was 65.24±4.36 years. There were no statistically significant differences between the mean OHI (2.26±1.40), PDI (2.76±1.42), and PI (1.23±0.87) in the osteoporotic group, and the mean OHI (2.01±1.62), PDI (2.56±1.61), and PI (1.35±0.91) in the osteopenia group, and mean OHI (1.73±1.37), PDI (2.47±1.43), and PI (1.23±0.87) in the normal group (P>0.05). The OHI, PDI, and PI had a slight but insignificant negative correlation with BMD.
ConclusionAccording to this study, there is no link between osteoporosis and periodontal status in postmenopausal women.
Keywords: osteopenia, menopause, periodontitis, bone mineral density} -
ObjectivesSport is one of the best ways to prevent osteoporosis; however, not all sports have the same impact on bones, for instance, swimming (SW) may have no effect or be harmful. Elite athletes are the best choice to detect the effects of any sport. Thus, this study was conducted firstly to compare the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of elite athletes in vol leyball (VB), basketball (BB), and long-distance running (LR) together, and secondly to compare those corresponding values in SW athletes with those of non-athletes (NA).MethodsThe subjects (n=58) of this cross-sectional study included elite male athletes (members of Iran's national teams, with a minimum of 12-15 hours of training per week) and NA (control; C) who were divided into BB, VB, LR, SW (n=12 for each), and C (n=10) groups. The DEXA scan measured the amount of BMD and BMC values in the lumbar spine (LS; L2-L4) and proximal femur (PF; neck, trochanter, and Ward’s triangle) areas.ResultsIn the LS areas, LR had significantly higher BMD than the BB, VB, SW, and C groups (P<0.001), while for BMC, both LR and VB were significantly superior to other groups (P<0.001). Moreover, the BMD and BMC of the PF areas of VB and BB were significantly higher than those of the LR, SW, and C groups (P<0.001). Finally, in all areas, SW showed significantly higher BMD and BMC, compared to the C group (except for trochanter and femur neck BMC) (P<0.05).ConclusionLR athletes showed the most bone acquisition in the LS areas and VB players in the PF areas, while BB players ranked third in osteoporosis prevention in the mentioned regions. Unexpectedly, SW athletes also had better BMD and BMC than NA; therefore, after weight-bearing sports, this type of sport can be effective in bone acquisition. Level of evidence: IIIKeywords: Basketball, Bone mineral density, Elite athletes, Osteoporosis, Running, Swimming, Volleyball}
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زمینه و هدف
بیماران مبتلا به مرحله انتهایی بیماری کلیوی (ESRD) تقریبا 17 برابر بیشتر از جمعیت عمومی در معرض خطر افزایش شکستگی و اختلالات استخوانی قرار دارند. ارزیابی خطر شکستگی در بیماران مبتلا به ESRD می تواند اطلاعات مفیدی را در اختیار کادر درمان و پژوهشگران قرار دهد. الگوریتم ابزار ارزیابی خطر شکستگی (®FRAX) به همراه سنجش جذب انرژی اشعه ایکس دوگانه (DXA) یا سنجش تراکم استخوان (BMD) استفاده می شود و می تواند میزان احتمال 10 ساله شکستگی لگن و شکستگی های مهم ناشی از پوکی استخوان (MOF) را در گروه خاصی از بیماران پیش بینی کند.
روشها:
این مطالعه مقطعی برای ارزیابی خطر شکستگی در 107 بیمار تحت همودیالیز انجام شده است، که طی سال 1398 در هفته سه بار به مدت 4 ساعت در بیمارستان بقیه الله الاعظم (عج) همودیالیز شده اند. بیمارانی که سنجش تراکم استخوان انجام داده اند و برای آن ها پرسشنامه FRAX استاندارد شده سازمان بهداشت جهانی پرشده بود وارد مطالعه شدند.
یافتهها:
میانگین سنی شرکت کنندگان 14/18 ± 59/95 سال و 58/2% آن ها مرد بود. میانگین سطح کلسیم، فسفر، هورمون پاراتیرویید، آلبومین و ویتامین D به ترتیب 1/14 ± 8/40 میلی گرم بر دسی لیتر، 1/4 ± 4/9 میلی گرم بر دسی لیتر، 269/4 ± 297/66 پیکوگرم بر میلی لیتر، 0/49 ± 3/86 گرم بر دسی لیتر و 13/93 ± 22/15 نانومول بر لیتر تعیین شد. حداقل، میانگین و حداکثر مقادیر BMD به ترتیب 5/30- ، 2/09 و 2/20 بوده است. نمرات FRAX برای شکستگی مفصل ران و برای MOFs با استفاده از BMD به ترتیب 5/01 و 8/81 بود، در حالی که بدون استفاده از BMD به ترتیب 2/23 و 5/82 تعیین شد. بدین ترتیب تفاوت آماری معناداری بین نمرات FRAX با و بدون استفاده از BMD مشاهده شد. همچنین، تفاوت آماری معناداری بین مقادیر خطر MOFs و مقادیر خطر شکستگی مفصل ران محاسبه شده با و بدون استفاده از BMD یافت شد. در مطالعه ما، سابقه شکستگی قبلی بیمار نمره بالاتر FRAX ران را در آینده پیش بینی می کند، اما سابقه شکستگی مفصل ران والدین هیچ تاثیری بر نمره FRAX مفصل ران نداشت. همچنین دریافتیم که افزایش در سطح PTH تاثیر افزایشی بر نمره FRAX مفصل ران داشته است. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش قد و BMD بیماران می تواند به طور قابل توجهی نمره FRAX مربوط به MOFs و ران را کاهش دهد، در حالی که این شاخص با افزایش سن بیماران و PTH افزایش می یابد. در مطالعه ما نیز بیماران لاغر و کوتاه قد مستعد شکستگی بیشتر در مفصل ران هستند.
نتیجهگیری:
یافته های این مطالعه نشان می دهد که FRAX plus BMD ممکن است ابزاری ارزشمند برای پزشکان این مرکز برای ارزیابی دقیق خطر شکستگی در بیماران ESRD باشد و نهایتا از هزینه های درمانی بکاهد. این مطالعه نفرولوژیست ها را ترغیب می کند که به اطلاعات الگوریتم توجه زیادی داشته باشند.
کلید واژگان: نارسایی مزمن کلیه, مرحله انتهایی نارسایی کلیه, شکستگی استخوانی, دانسیتومتری مواد معدنی استخوان, ابزار ارزیابی خطر شکستگی, همودیالیز}Journal of Military Medicine, Volume:25 Issue: 1, 2023, PP 1710 -1718Background and AimPatients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are at risk for fractures and bone disorders approximately 17 times more than the general population. Evaluating fracture risk in patients with ESRD in the dialysis department of the hospital, can provide useful information to the treatment for staff and researchers. The Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX®) algorithm is used along with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) or bone densitometry and is capable in predicting the rate of 10-year probability of hip and major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) in a certain group of patients.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the fracture risk in 107 hemodialysis patients, who underwent hemodialysis three times a week for 4 hours in 2018 in Baqiyatullah Hospital. Patients who have done bone densitometry and for whom the standardized FRAX questionnaire of the World Health Organization was filled were included in the study.
ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 59.95 ± 14.18 years and 58.2% of them were male. The average levels of calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, albumin, and vitamin D were determined to be 8.40 ± 1.14 mg/dL, 4.97 ± 1.41 mg/dL, 269.40 ± 297.66 ng/ml, 3.86 ± 0.49 g/dL, 22.15 ± 13.93 nmol/L and -2.08 ± 1, respectively. The minimum, mean and maximum values of BMD were found to be -5.30, -2.09, and -2.20, respectively. The FRAX scores of hip fracture and MOFs with BMD were 5.01 and 8.81, respectively, while the corresponding values for FRAX scores of hip fracture and MOFs without BMD were determined 2.23 and 5.82, respectively. A significant difference was observed between FRAX scores with and without BMD. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference was found between MOFs and hip fracture risk values calculated with and without BMD. In our study, the patient's previous fracture history predicts a higher hip FRAX score in the future, but the parents' hip fracture history had no effect on the hip FRAX score. We also found that the increase in PTH level had an increasing effect on the FRAX score of the hip joint. The results demonstrated that increasing the height and BMD of patients can significantly reduce the FRAX score related to MOFs and tight, while this index increases with increasing age of patients and PTH. In our study, thin and short patients are prone to more fractures in the hip joint.
ConclusionOur finding suggests that FRAXB with MD may be a valuable tool for clinicians in this center to accurately assess fracture risk in ESRD patients and ultimately reduce treatment costs. We encourage nephrologists to pay close attention to this algorithm information.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, End stage renal Disease, Bone fracture, bone mineral density, Fracture risk assessment Tool, Hemodialysis} -
One of the most critical complications of bariatric surgery (BS), which has been widely discussed recently, is its adverse effects on the health of the bones and skeletal system. Studies show that bone mineral density (BMD) decreases significantly in the early years after BS Nutritional deficiencies are a common complication of BS that can last for monthsto years aftersurgery. For example, calcium absorption willsignificantly reduce after BS The role of gut hormones, endocrine factors, and adipokines in altering bone metabolism should never be overlooked. The available information and guidelines emphasize the periodic evaluation of BMD in patients undergoing BS The method of measuring BMD after BS is essential. DXA and quantitative computed tomography (QCT) are two convenient methods for measuring BMD. Many studies indicate a more detailed study of microarchitecture and cortical and trabecular bone mass with the help of QCT. The overall risk of fractures increases years after BS There are some recommendations for overcoming the adverse effects of BS on bone health. Endurance and resistance exercise after BS can help to mitigate BMD reduction and bone changes. In this review, we will explain each of these points in detail.
Keywords: Bariatric surgery, bone mineral density, quantitative computed tomography, DXA, exercise} -
Background
Muscle-induced insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) are important factors for muscle growth and maintenance.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of Theraband resistance training on IGF-1 and FGF-2 levels and their relationships with myokines on bone mineral density (BMD) in older women with osteosarcopenic obesity.
MethodsIn this single-blind randomized clinical trial, 48 older women with osteosarcopenic obesity (mean age: 64.63 ± 3.68 years; fat percentage 45.4 ± 6.6%; BMI 33.1 ± 3.71 kg/m2; and T score of bone minerals density of femur and 1-4 lumbar spine -1.86 ± 1.42, based on the results of the DEXA test) were randomly divided into control (n = 22) and training (n = 26) groups. The training group performed 12 weeks of Theraband resistance training for all major muscle groups. Blood samples were collected 48 hours before and 12 weeks after the intervention.
ResultsAfter 12 weeks, a significant difference was observed in IGF-1 (P = 0.033) levels in the training group compared to the control group. Also, FGF-2 (P = 0.003) and IGF-1 (P = 0.013) levels increased significantly in the training group. However, there was no significant relationship between IGF-1 (P = 0.240) and FGF-2 (P = 0.806) levels and BMD.
ConclusionsTheraband resistance training can be an appropriate training strategy to improve muscle mass in older adults with osteosarcopenic obesity by increasing IGF-1 and FGF-2 levels.
Keywords: Bone Mineral Density, Obesity, Theraband Resistance Training} -
The Effect of Professional Sports Participation on Bone Content and Density in Elite Female AthletesBackground
The role of exercise in osteoporosis prevention has been proven. Nevertheless, there is no consensus about the types of sports, especially at professional levels. Non-impact sports such as swimming may have a negative effect or no effect.
ObjectivesThus, the present study aimed to compare the effect of different sports on bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of elite female athletes.
MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study consisting of 48 athletes in five groups of long-distance running, volleyball, basketball, swimming (n = 12 for each), and ten control subjects. For measuring the lumbar spine (L2 - L4) and proximal femur (femoral neck, trochanter, and Ward’s triangle), the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) method was applied.
ResultsIndicated that the running, basketball, and volleyball groups had a significantly higher lumbar spine and proximal femur BMD than the swimming and control groups (P < 0.05). Running resulted in significantly higher lumbar spine BMC compared to volleyball, basketball, swimming, and control groups, respectively (P < 0.01), while basketball had higher proximal femur BMC than running and controls (P < 0.01). The Z-score of the lumbar spine in the running was significantly higher than in basketball, swimming, and controls (P < 0.05), while basketball had a significantly higher femur neck Z-score than volleyball, running, and controls (P < 0.001). Finally, the swimmers had significantly higher Z-scores in the lumbar and the proximal femur than non-athletes (P < 0.001).
ConclusionsAlthough all sports are effective for improving the bone health, the swimmers had much better bone status than non-athletes, while the sports of long-distance running and basketball were more efficient than others; therefore, a combination of endurance and jumping exercises seems to be the best way to prevent osteoporosis.
Keywords: Elite Female Athletes, Bone Mineral Density, Bone Mineral Content}
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