جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Caesarean » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Hypertension in obese patients is more affected by spinal anesthesia than normal people. Due to the lack of study and recommendation of articles about comparison of ephedrine and phenylephrine in obese patients during cesarean section, this study was performed with aim to compare the effect of hypotension treatment due to spinal anesthesia with ephedrine and phenylephrine on the status of arterial blood gas and Apgar score during cesarean delivery in obese mothers.

This randomized clinical trial was performed in 2016 on 100 pregnant women with BMI≥30kg/m2 (according to the formula) who were candidates for elective cesarean section in Tabriz Alzahra Hospital. Demographic characteristics and maternal and fetal status as well as analysis of arterial blood gases of umbilical artery were included in the researcher-made checklist. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20) and t-test, Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test. P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

There was statistically significant difference between two groups in terms of HCO3- (P=0.048), BE (P=0.035), heart rate (P=0.002), systolic (P=0.003) and diastolic (P=0.004) blood pressure during anesthesia and surgery; phenylephrine group had more stability. No significant difference was found between two groups in terms of other variables (blood pressure and arterial oxygen saturation) (P>0.06) and neonatal Apgar score (first and fifth minutes) (P>0.05).

Phenylephrine leads to better and more effective treatment of hypertension than ephedrine in pregnant women with BMI≥30kg /m2 with spinal anesthesia; also neonatal complications such as metabolic acidosis have been less observed in obese patients treated with phenylephrine.

Gynaecologists and midwives as a practical model of childbirth have an essential role in education. The aim of this study was to determine the attitude toward labor and preferred delivery method among midwifery and medical students and other related factors at medical universities in Tehran in 1393.
We carried out a descriptive study on 300 students of Medical Sciences Universities in Tehran in 1393. For data collection tool we used two researcher made questionnaires contain “demographic characteristics and related factors to the preferred mode of delivery“ and “attitude toward delivery mode”. To investigate the reliability, two methods of test-retest and internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha) were applied and the content validity was determined quantitatively and qualitatively. The data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software. Statistical tests used included: chi-square, T-test, ANOVA or non parametric equivalents of them. The significance level accepted in this study was p-value>0.05.
Most of the students (49%) preferred caesarean section for themselves. In comparison of 4 groups first year midwifery (16.7%) and medical students (48.6%) had preferred caesarean less than fourth year midwifery students (51.3%) and medical interns (%75.7). The majority of students had a positive attitude via caesarean section. Therefore, the four study groups respectively 45.5%, 92.3%, 30.8% and 100% of first and fourth year midwifery students and first year medical students and medical interns had a positive attitude toward caesarean delivery. Among the relevant factors under investigation age, ethnicity, weight, body mass index, birthplace, residence place and family income were significantly associated with the preferred mode of delivery.
The caesarean section is preferred and a positive attitude towards it among midwifery and medical students is very high and the education system authorities should create plans to improve students’ attitudes.

Anesthesia has several side effects which are different based on the type of surgery, medication, and depth of anesthesia. The present study aimed at identifying the effect of bi-spectral index monitoring on recovery and postoperative complications in caesarean.

In this double-blinded clinical trial study with control group, 68 women who were candidates for caesarean were selected using available sampling method and were then randomly assigned in to two groups. For the control group, anesthetic maintenance drug was prescribed based on every body’s weight and hemodynamic conditions while intervention group received titrated dose of anesthetic maintenance drug as needed for maintaining bi-spectral index between 40 and 60. Data collection tool.included a researcher-designed checklist in which the time of extubation after surgery, discharge from the recovery unit (based on Aldert benchmark), and complications during recovery were recorded in addition to demographic data. The obtained data was analyzed by SPSSsoftware(V:16) using statistical independent T test, as well as Fisher Exact test. at the significant level of P<0.05.

Mean time of extubation was 7.76 ±3.12 in the control group and 3.59 ± 1.04 minutes in the intervention group (P<0.001). Mean time of discharge from recovery ward was 18.06 ± 5.92 in the control and 11.55 ±4.39 minutes in the intervention group (P<0.001). The incidence of postoperative recovery complications didn’t show any significant difference in the two groups (P>0.05).

Bi-spectral indicator, as a monitoring of the depth of anesthesia in caesarean section, speeds up the extubation time, discharge from recovery, and mother's consciousness to care their babies.

Caesarean section is the most common gynecologic surgery. The prevalence of cesarean section has increased in recent years. The Purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with cesarean delivery, compared with natural delivery at the Bent-olhoda hospital in Bojnurd.

This study is a Case-Control study which was done on 200 mothers admitted on Bent-olhoda hospital in Bojnurd. The data were collected through a questionnaire after delivery. the data were analyzed by SPSS19 software and presented with descriptive statistics, chi-square and independent t-test.

Previous cesarean (29%), Berich (18%), lack of progression and maconial (both: 14%) were the most common clinical causes for cesarean section. Cesarean sections were more prevalent in employed and older mothers, significantly. Natural mothers were more concerned about the consequences of their labor (pain and genital changes) compared with cesarean mothers. Significantly, Husbands, families and friends had encouraged mothers to do vaginal delivery (p<0.05).

We recommend that identified factors in this survey, can be applied to propagation of natural delivery; and in order to health reform plan in Iran.

Chewing gum is a type of false nutritional capillaries of the nerve between the brain, and it stimulates the stomach and speed s the return of bowel function. This study investigated the effects of chewing gum on postoperative bowel movement after cesarean. In this clinical trial, 92 pregnant women who have had cesarean section in Bent-al-Hoda hospital Bojnoord, were included in the study. Inclusion criteria included cesarean section without complications and emergencies. The subjects were randomly assigned in to two groups; consumer group Gum n=46, and control group n=46. Mothers receive d the sugar free chewing gum three times a day at 8, 14, 20 o’clock, the control group received a routine normal diet postoperative. All women marked in a check list their first feel of the movement of Prytalysm, their first feeling of flatus and sense of first stool. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS 16. The mean age was 29 years, 46/6% of mothers didn’t graduate from high school,, %80/7 were housewives, 53/3% had female newborns and % 46/7 had male newborns. T test based on the time of bowel movements were significantly different between the two groups (p=0.04). The new approach to the use of non-pharmaceutical medicine can be safe. Since chewing gum is a low risk method comparing to the complicated equipment s and training s.

In different studies, the prevalence of postpartum depression has been reported as high as 5 to 25 %. This study was performed to determine the relationship between postpartum depression and methods of delivery. Subjects and In this analytical study which was performed as co-groups, pregnant women who attended the Razi, Sina and Arvand hospitals in Ahwaz from 2010 through 2011 were enrolled. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was performed in the third trimester and in the last visit before delivery. Then cases were divided into three groups of 200 each: normal delivery, elective caesarean and emergent caesarean. The cases were reassessed once more 6 weeks after delivery. Mean age of cases, mean age of their husbands and families income were nearly were equal. There were no significant differences in frequency of pregnancy care, satisfaction of infant sexuality, vomiting and nausea in pregnancy. There was a significant difference among groups in incidence of postpartum depression (P=0.001): 9 cases (4.5 %) in normal delivery, 19 cases (9.2%) in elective caesarean and 34 cases (15.3%) in emergent caesarean. Caesarean raises the incidence of postpartum depression especially when it is emergent.

Spinal anesthesia is the procedure of choice for caesarean section. There is no risk of airway hazards، such as difficult airway intubation and aspiration in this method. Some cases avoid to choose this method، because of fear of complications specially headache. This Study has been done to assess the true extent of headache after surgery with spinal anesthesia and its related factors. This cross-sectional analytic study was done in 2011 for one year in 22th of Bahman hospital of Gonabad. 200 pregnant women that was candidate for caesarean section under spinal anesthesia were selected by achievable and purposeful sampling method. All procedure was performed in a sitting position and with a disposable 25-gauge needle with 75mg Lidocaine 5% and 25 micrograms Fentanyl. Data were gathered and analyzed using the SPSS 11. 5 software and independent T and Chi-square tests. 12 patients (6%) in 24 hours after spinal anesthesia and 44 cases (22%) in first week after spinal anesthesia experienced headache. Headache happening had a significant relationship with body mass index (p=0. 028) and occupational factors (p=0. 011) in the first week. Hypotension was the most complication (52. 5%) during spinal anesthesia. Hypotension is the most complications during spinal anesthesia. Those with higher body mass index and those who were employed are at higher risk for headache in first week after spinal anesthesia.

This study aimed to assess the relationship between type of delivery and changing in quality of life scores after delivery.

A sample of 150 mothers with caesarian section and 150 mothers with vaginal delivery attending a health center in Kashan، Iran were entered into the study. Mothers completed a specific life quality questionnaire 2 to 4 months after delivery. Mean changes in scores compared in each group and between two groups. Data were analyzed using chi square، independent t- test، pair t test and Mann-Whitney U test.

Findings showed that the mean score for feeling for sexual intercourse (p=0. 005)، economic status due to delivery (p=0. 02) and willingness to choose method of delivery for future pregnancy (p=0. 007) improved significantly in 2-4 months interval in normal delivery group and decreased for feeling (p=0. 001) in caesarean section group. In comparing mean score differences between two groups in 2-4 months interval، there were significant differences in feeling for sexual intercourse and feeling toward one’s husband (p=0. 007، p=0. 04) respectively.

There were no significant differences in quality of life scores in each group and between two groups but the mean score for some aspects improved in two months interval in normal delivery group.

Pain is the most common problems in the post cesarean period. Today، despite technological development in health care setting the usual method of pain relief after surgery is inadequate. This study was a blind clinical trial which performed in Mustafa Hospital، Ilam، Iran. 80 pregnant women who referred to delivery ward for elective cesarean and they had inclusion criteria for study were selected with convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to two groups. The visual analog scale was used to determine the pain intensity. To relief pain in the intervention group، each of foot and hands were massaged for 5 minute. If pain is not controlled and based on the request of patient، we used the routine analgesic to relief pain. In the control group if the patient requested to relief the pain، only routine analgesic were used. Then the intensity of pain before and immediately 90 minutes after intervention was evaluated. Also، the analgesic consumption، initiation of breast feeding and patient''s satisfaction were measured. The finding of the study showed that، there was no significant differences between two groups in pain intensity before massage (P>0. 05). However، immediately and 90 minutes after intervention there were significant differences between two groups in pain intensity، need to analgesic، starting of breastfeeding and patient''s satisfaction (P<0. 001). This differences indicates reduced pain intensity in the intervention group. Discussion & According to the finding، hand and foot massage are associated with the reduction of pain inten-sity and it can be used as a complementary method to reduce pain and increase the patient''s satisfaction.

Pregnant women are so vulnerable in each society; therefore، assessing and monitoring the health of the mother and her neonate during pregnancy is very important. The present study is aimed to assess pregnant women’s health status in Kermanshah in 2010.

This crass-sectional study was conducted in Kermanshah province، Western Iran in 2010. Data related to maternal health information including demographic، anthropometric and hematological of «prenatal care» were gathered from all regional cities of Kermanshah province. Collected data were analysed by using the statistical software SPSS version 16، descriptive statistics، Correlation test، and Z-test. P value less than 0. 05 was considered statistically significant.

A total of 32450 pregnancies were recorded during the study. The prevalence of overweight was %22. 9، underweight (%5. 7)، high blood pressure (%1. 4)، anemia (%3. 6)، diabetics %1. 2 and teeth problem was %11. 7. There was significant difference in prevalence of diabetes (p=0. 023)، anemia (p=0. 001)، overweight and underweight (p=0. 02) between different regions of province. Abortion rate، stillbirth and premature delivery were %4. 7، %0. 64 and %2 respectively. The highest prevalence of anemia، overweight and diabetes was reported in Sahneh، Paveh and Dalahoo cities and the lowest in Kanghavar، Salase Babajani and Ghilane Gharb cities. The regional prevalence of unexpected pregnancy and caesarean were 4. 6% and 42% respectively. The maximum rate of which (50%) was reported in Ghasre Shirin.

Prevalence of overweight and underweight in Kermanshah province was high.

Objective (s): Physical, emotional and social change occurred in postnatal period which can affect the quality of life. In this study the postnatal quality of life subscales after normal vaginal delivery and caesarean section was compared.

An analytical cohort study was conducted on mothers with caesarian (n=150) and normal vaginal delivery (n=150). The mother's referring to health centers in kashan city filled the Sf-36 questionnaire 2 and 4 months after delivery. Questionnaire aspects compared between two groups and in each group. Data was analyzed by SPSS software by using chi square, independent t- test, and Mann-Whitey U test

Findings showed higher score in physical health and physical role limitation 2 months after delivery in normal vaginal delivery group and higher score in physical health, social function and emotional health 4 months after delivery in normal vaginal delivery. The mean scores for social function and emotional health improved significantly in two months interval in vaginal delivery group.

The quality of life in many of dimensions did not show significant different in two groups, Nevertheless there was a better quality of life especially in physical health, 2 months after delivery and physical and emotional health, 4 months after delivery in vaginal delivery group.