جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Comparative Review » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Spirituality is developing as the fourth dimension of human health. Comparative studies and exploiting the experiences of successful centers and countries are necessary to increase the quality of spiritual care and identify its strengths and weaknesses. The purpose of this study was to compare education courses of spiritual care in Iran, Canada, America, England, and Europe.

The study method was descriptive-comparative. The elements of spiritual care training courses were searched and selected among the sources of Iran, America, England, Canada, and Europe in Google Scholar, PubMed, SID, Magiran, and Science Direct databases. Matching and comparison of data was done using the model of George F. Brady (1969).

Differences in the objectives, target group, and content of spiritual care courses were observed in the 4 investigated regions. Care at the end of life as well as crisis intervention and screening and evaluation were among the most frequent educational keywords. In all countries, training in spiritual interventions for end-of-life and bereavement, description of the condition and initial screening, consideration of the theoretical foundations of spirituality, conflict resolution, and spiritual confrontations are carried out.

Designing a training course based on a native and cultural approach can improve the quality of providing spiritual care services and provide the basis for the creation of a specialized field of spiritual care in hospitals. Promoting the quality of spiritual care in Iran's health care system requires the formulation of a codified executive model and reforms in the objectives, target group, and content of existing courses in Iran.

The existence of toxic and flammable chemicals, heavy machineries and the distance of oil facilities from urban communities, make it difficult for Iranian oil company employees to access health services easily. Health service delivery in the Iranian oil company faces some challenges. This study aimed to compare methods of health service delivery to employees of world leading oil companies to propose an appropriate model for Iran’s oil industry.

The scope of the oil company’s activity, the existence of quality healthcare services in the area of its operation, the type of health services required, national and international laws and regulations and social responsibility policis of the oil company affect its choice of a health service delivery model. The Iranian oil company has the highest level of direct involvement in providing health services to its employees. It should be more involved in providing emergency medical and occupational services and less involved in the direct treatment of non-occupational diseases. Non-occupational healthcare services should be purchased from existing healthcare providers or health insurance companies.

 There is no one-size-fits-all solution. Leading oil companies use a suitable model to provide health services to their employees considering several contextual factors. Iran Oil Company should provide non-occupational services through strategic purchasing of health services and contracts with health insurance companies.

In health care, emphasis on Basic Human Rights is specially important. Patient’s privacy protection becomes important when the human is exposed to shortcomings of social and health systems. It seems that in health and treatment services the «Patient’s Bill of Rights» has been ignored to the extent that the patients have no information about their rights. Recently «Patient’s Bill of Rights» compiled by Iranian Ministry of Health, which has a lot of shortcomings, was published. To propose a complete «Patient’s Bill of Rights» for our country, it seemed necessary to study «Patient’s Bill of Rights» in some developed countries. This research was a comparative and descriptive case study. Research population included the U. S. A (States of New York, Florida, Missouri, Minnesota, Texas), England, France, Canada and Iran. Data gathering was done through internet and e-mail. Findings of research showed that patients’ rights of accessibility to treatment and health care, privacy, consent for treatment and protection (the Right of Claim) were included in «Patient’s Bill of Rights» of all the countries under investigation, except Iran. The Right of Confidentiality is considered in all studied countries. The Rights of Having Translator and Pain Relief just were seen in some states of the U. S. A. The appropriate solutions were suggested for «Patient’s Bill of Rights» in Iran.