جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Eosinophil » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic infections. Although culture is the gold standard diagnostic method, bacterial growth in blood cultures may not always occur due to various factors. We aimed to investigate demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings that may have predictive significance for bacteremia in brucellosis.

Patients older than 18 years of age followed up with a diagnosis of brucellosis between 2012 and 2022 were included in this retrospective multicenter study. They were divided into two main subgroups according to their Brucella species reproductive status as bacteremic and non-bacteremic.

A total of 743 patients, 370 (49.80%) bacteremic and 373 (50.20%) non-bacteremic brucellosis patients, were enrolled. The mean age of the bacteremic group (36.74 years) was lower than the non-bacteremic group (43.18 yr). High fever, chills/cold, sweating, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss were more common in the bacteremic group. In the bacteremic group, white blood cell count, platelet count, hemoglobin level, mean platelet volume, eosinophil, and neutrophil counts were lower, and lymphocyte, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and ferritin levels were higher. According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, when the cut-off value of ferritin was considered 67, it was the parameter with the strongest predictive significance in Brucella bacteremia.

High ferritin level, low eosinophil count, and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate were determined as the most critical laboratory findings in predicting bacteremia in brucellosis.

 Sepsis is the leading cause of death in newborns, particularly in underdeveloped countries. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are critical in reducing neonatal mortality. Since blood culture results are often unavailable for 48 - 72 hours, other hematologic findings may provide useful information for early diagnosis.

 We examined the relationship between neonatal sepsis and blood indices in order to achieve early diagnosis.

 In this hospital-based retrospective multiple-event case-control study, we allocated the neonates into three groups: Culture-positive sepsis, culture-negative sepsis, and neonates without sepsis. We compared the lab data within these three groups.

 The study included 319 neonates: 209 cases of culture-positive sepsis, 65 cases of culture-negative sepsis, and 45 cases without neonatal sepsis. Pearson's test demonstrated a significant correlation between thrombocytopenia, positive C-reactive protein (CRP), and high cell distribution width with culture-positive sepsis (P = 0.000), indicating a statistical difference between the three groups. The mean CRP and eosinophil levels were higher in the culture-positive group with fungal sepsis.

 In septic neonates with high CRP levels, particularly in conjunction with eosinophilia, fungal coverage should be considered.

The unique role of eosinophil in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients has been shown in several studies, but its role in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients who contracted COVID-19 is less reported. This study investigated eosinopenia's predictive value as a mortality marker in ESKD patients with COVID-19.

It is a retrospective study of ESKD patients who contracted COVID-19 between May 2020 and October 2021 in West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital, Indonesia. Comparative analysis was carried out between the death dan survival group. Logistic regression analysis was done to investigate the role of eosinopenia on the outcome after controlling other significant variables.

The analyses included one hundred fifteen confirmed COVID-19 in ESKD patients. The average age was 50, 53% of patients were males, 41% were newly diagnosed with ESKD, and the mortality rate was 25.2%. This study's prevalence of eosinopenia, high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and high C-reactive protein (CRP) in the nonsurvivors was 51.4%, 39.3%, and 30.8%, respectively. Diastolic blood pressure <90 mmHg (P=0.004), respiratory rate >22 x/minutes (P=0.011), oxygen saturation <93% (P=0.008), NLR >6 (p<0.001), eosinophil count <0.01 x103/uL (p<0.001), CRP >20 mg/L (P=0.047), and isolation hemodialysis (HD) therapy (p<0.001) were independently associated with mortality of COVID-19 in ESKD patients. However, on multivariate logistic regression analysis, eosinopenia (P=0.019) and HD (P=0.001) were risk factors that remained significant prognostic mortality factors.

Eosinopenia was common in ESKD patients with COVID-19, particularly in the death group. Eosinopenia at admission and HD during hospitalization were risk factors for COVID-19 mortality in ESKD patients.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by the increased sensitivity of the nasal mucosa to allergens and has a significant impact on life quality. There is promising evidence that biomarkers can help in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with AR. Diamine oxidase (DAO) is one of the enzymes responsible for the breakdown of histamine, the primary mediator of allergies. To investigate the significance of DAO as a useful biomarker for diagnosis and the severity of AR. In this case-control study, 24 patients and 24 healthy controls were recruited and their serum DAO levels, total IgE levels (using ELISA), blood eosinophil count, and percentage (using complete blood cell count) were measured. The sino-nasal outcomes test-22 (SNOT-22) questionnaire was used to assess the severity of symptoms in patients. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the predictive power of DAO level for the diagnosis of AR. The relationship between DAO and disease severity, as well as other AR-related clinical factors, were also investigated. DAO levels were lower in AR patients compared with the controls. The DAO level did not significantly correlate with the severity of AR according to the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) score, though it was lower in patients with persistent or moderate to severe symptoms. The total IgE, eosinophil percentage, and SNOT-22 score all had an inverse relationship with DAO. Moreover, DAO was significantly associated with the diagnosis of AR, with an Area under the ROC Curve (AUC) of 0.771, a sensitivity of 75%, and a specificity of 62.5%. DAO might be a valuable biomarker in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis.

The existence of eosinophils in the gastric mucosal epithelium is unusual, while the term "eosinophilic gastritis" has become overused due to the increased numbers of eosinophils found in gastric specimens. Thus, we aimed to assess the number and distribution of eosinophils in gastric specimens in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences hospitals.

This study was performed on 318 patients with gastric diseases who had undergone endoscopic biopsy or gastrectomy in the hospitals affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University from 2016 to 2018. By referring to the archives of pathology departments, patients' demographic and clinical information, endoscopic and histopathological findings were collected. The data was then statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 24 with a significance level of P-value< 0.05 in all tests.

The participants were 157 men and 161 women, with an average age of 51.21 years. There was no significant correlation between eosinophil distribution and age, gender, or primary gastric locations. However, there was a strong correlation between the count of eosinophils in the lamina propria and intestinal metaplasia. Mean eosinophil count per high power field (HPF) was 12, 23, and 14 in mild, moderate, and severe degrees of intestinal metaplasia, respectively. An increase in eosinophil count was seen along with lymphoplasma cells infiltration up to 8/HPF in mild cases, 13/HPF in moderate cases, and 14/HPF in severe cases.

Eosinophil counts in the lamina propria layer show a significant positive relationship with the eosinophil sheet, presence of Heliobacter pylori microorganism, intestinal metaplasia, and lymphoplasma cells infiltration.

Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways which has become prevalent globally. There are reports about the immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of Pimpinella anisum L. seeds; so, in this study, we explored the suppressive effects of aqueous P. anisum L. seeds extract on ovalbumin-induced asthma in a mouse model.

The seeds were extracted with water and the extract was dried by freeze-drying method. Twenty-eight BALB/c male mice weighing 15–20 g were divided into four groups of seven animals. Ovalbumin was used to trigger allergic asthma in these animals. Negative and positive control mice received phosphate-buffered saline and ovalbumin, respectively. The remaining two groups were challenged with ovalbumin and then received budesonide and the seed extract, respectively. Thereafter, the eosinophils count and expression of IL-5, -13, and -33 were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice. Histopathological changes of the lung tissues were also analyzed.

Aqueous extract of P. anisum seeds hindered ovalbumin -stimulated asthmatic complications by declining eosinophils number and expression of IL-5, -13, and -33 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice. It also inhibited the hyperplasia of goblet cells, hypersecretion of mucus, and inflammation in peribronchial and perivascular spaces, which were consequences of ovalbumin exposure. The activity of the extract in suppressing inflammatory responses of asthma in our murine model was comparable to budesonide.

Our data underscored the effect of aqueous P. anisum seeds on the suppression of inflammatory responses of allergic asthma, proposing a promising suggestion for the treatment of the disease.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common skin disease in childhood, and Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the most common cause of food allergies in infancy and may be characterized by atopic dermatitis with skin involvement as the first finding. The aim of this study is to determine the serum eosinophil cationic protein (sECP) levels, eosinophil counts and the frequency of AD and other skin manifestation among infants with CMPA.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Karabük province, Turkey. Eighty-three infants who were diagnosed with CMPA and followed at the Karabük Training Hospital Pediatric outpatient clinic. The first group consisted of 52 infants presenting with skin manifestations. The second group consisted of 31 infants who were not presenting skin manifestations. The sECP level of infants in both groups was measured using an Immulite 2000 XPi analyzer Immunoassay System (Germany).

Of 83 infants with CMPA, 62.6% (n=52) were detected skin involvement as the first finding. The proportions of atopic dermatitis and urticaria in CMPA infants with skin involvement were 90.4% and 9.6% respectively. The median sECP level and eosinophil counts (56.5 ng/mL vs 470/mm3, p-value=0.001), in skin manifestations with CMPA group were significantly higher than that in the CMPA group without skin manifestations (33.1 ng/mL vs. 270/mm3, p-value=0.006).

This study revealed that AD is the most common skin manifestation of CMPA and also found higher sECP levels in infants with skin involvement. The frequency of both diseases, which are easily treated with elimination diet, is increasing day by day.

Indonesia is one of world’s largest producers of coal. Coal fly ash (CFA), a product of the coal combustion process, consists of various minerals and causes toxic effects by inhalation. This study aimed to analyze the toxic effects of CFA inhalation in mice models by examining oxidative stress and inflammation markers in the blood. A true experimental with post-test control group design was used in this study. Twenty-four mice were randomly divided into three groups including control (P1), CFA inhalation for 24 hours (P2), and CFA inhalation for 30 days (P3). Mice in the P2 and P3 groups were exposed to CFA measuring 0.075 mm with doses equal to 12.5 mg/m3 for 1 hour/day. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and the percentage of blood eosinophils were examined as parameters of toxic effects. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare the toxic effects between groups. MDA were significantly increased in between groups (p <0.05). The percentage of blood eosinophils in P1 was significantly differenced to P2 and P3 (p=0.04 and p=0.14, respectively), however there was no different than P2 and P3 (p = 0.891). CFA inhalation induces toxic effects through increased oxidative stress and inflammation in mice models. This may indicates health hazards after CFA inhalation.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an important common respiratory disorder. Determination of the prognostic factors is important to improve the outcomes and decrease the burden of problem. We aimed to determine the relationship between peripheral blood eosinophil count and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with number of attacks leading to hospital admission in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

In this cohort study, 200 consecutive patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from 2016 to 2018 were enrolled including those with and without attacks leading to hospital admission and eosinophil and NLR were compared in them.

The results in this study demonstrated that mean eosinophil was 1.5 and 1.4 in those without and with attack without significant difference (p=0.641). The mean NLR was 4.6 and 5.9 in those without and with attack with significant difference (p=0.022).

Totally, according to the obtained results, it is concluded that higher NLR is related to further attacks leading to hospital admissions but the eosinophil count has no significant effect in this area.

Asthma is an inflammatory airway disease and T helper 2 cytokines (i.e., interleukin 4, interleukin 5 [IL-5], and interleukin 13) have an important role in asthma pathology. Blood vessels in lung parenchyma and airway wall serve as the sources for inflammatory cells. The IL-5 leads to eosinophilic inflammation. The adhesion molecules on the endothelium and immune cells allow for the translocation of eosinophils. The vessels of the lung may play the main role in the cell migration and pathophysiology of asthma.

Several keywords were searched in databases, and out of 495 manuscripts 178 studies were selected. At least, 19 manuscripts were used as support of the above-mentioned hypothesis.

We hypothesized that airway vessels highly have leaks for eosinophils, and eosinophil migration from the endothelium of these vessels is easier than the endothelium of other tissues. Severe vascular leak and easy eosinophil migration in lung vessels cause inflammation leading to severe asthma phenotype; however, similar inflammation does not occur in other organs. The treatment of asthma is difficult and the control of cell migration needs to manipulate cell adhesion molecules.

The lung endothelial molecules may have the potential to develop new treatments for asthma.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs driven by T cell activation. Viola tricolor L. as a traditional medical herb could suppress activated T lymphocytes and has been used empirically for asthma remedy. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of Viola tricolor and its underlying mechanism on asthma characteristics induced by ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal control, Ovalbumin (OVA) control, OVA mice treated with Viola tricolor (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and dexamethasone (3 mg/kg). All mice except normal controls were sensitized and challenged with OVA. Asthmatic mice were treated orally in the last 7 days of OVA challenge. The total and differential leukocyte counts, Interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon (IFN)-γ levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined. H and E staining for lung inflammation was performed. Viola tricolor treatment at 200 mg/kg significantly decreased IL-4 level but did not considerably affect the IFN-γ level. Therefore, it effectively reduced asthma characteristics including infiltration of leukocytes particularly eosinophil and peribronchial inflammation as compared to dexamethasone. However, Viola tricolor at 100 mg/kg had the most prominent inhibitory effect on the IL-4 level and also markedly increased IFN-γ level. As result, it prevented further reduction of inflammatory parameters in this group compared to the Viola tricolor-treated group at 200 mg/kg. Our study demonstrated that Viola tricolor has anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of T-helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine production and validated its empirical usage in traditional medicine

Follicular dendritic cell neoplasms are extremely rare. Information regarding the accurate treatment and prognosis is limited owing to their rarity; thus, this tumor encompasses a domain to be brought into focus. Clinical and pathological diagnoses warrant a high index of suspicion as this entity is not considered in routine clinical practice. Histopathologically it mimics various other neoplasms which lead to higher chances of misdiagnosis at initial evaluation. Use of follicular dendritic cell immunohistochemical markers CD 21 and CD 35 helps in rendering a definitive diagnosis.

It has been shown that cigarette smoking is associated with decreased number of eosinophil cells in blood and lung. Cigarette smoking is one of the major causes of gingival problems and periodontitis. The effect of cigarette smoking on eosinophils in gingiva has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cigarette smoking on eosinophil count in periodontal inflammation. The study was a case-control study. Forty paraffin embedded block of periodontitis obtained from 20 cigarette smokers and 20 nonsmokers were evaluated histochemically for eosinophil count. Using hematoxylin-eosin stained sections, the number of eosinophils was determined per high power field at ×400 magnification. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), t test, Duncan and Pearson correlation coefficient tests were employed for data analyses at the level of P≤0.01. The mean number of eosinophils in nonsmokers was significantly higher than that in smokers (P<0.001). The intensity of gingivitis and periodontitis in none of nonsmokers (GI: r = 0.2, P=0.37; PI: r = 0.01, P=0.95) and smokers (gingival index [GI]: r = 0.04, P=0.83; periodontal index [PI]: r = 0.23, P=0.31) were correlated to eosinophil count. The eosinophil count was higher in heavy smokers (P=0.03). The eosinophil count plays no effective or critical role in smoking-induced periodontal inflammations. Increasing time of exposure to cigarette smoke affects eosinophil count in adult gingivitis/periodontitis. The dual effect of eosinophils in progressing the periodontal inflammation needs more investigation.

Although recent studies show the association of eosinophils with different tumors including oral malignancies, the role of eosinophils in premalignant conditions of the oral cavity is not known precisely. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the number of eosinophils in premalignant and malignant conditions of the oral cavity and its role in progression to malignancy.
This cross-sectional study was done on 50 samples with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), 18 with verrucous carcinoma, 13 with erosive lichen planus, and 10 with leukoplakia with mild dysplasia after confirmation of histopathological diagnosis. The samples were stained with Sirius Red. The total numbers of eosinophils in 10 areas were counted at a magnification of 400x (eosinophil/10HPF). Data are analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test, and Spearman’s correlation test.
The mean number of eosinophils in OSCC, verrucous carcinoma, erosive lichen planus, and leukoplakia with mild dysplasia was 90.26, 59.72, 11.08 and 0.0 eosinophil/10HPF respectively. The mean number of eosinophils was significantly higher in malignant (OSCC and verrucous carcinoma) than premalignant (erosive lichen planus and leukoplakia with mild dysplasia) lesions of the oral cavity (P=0.0001). No significant correlation was found between the number of eosinophils with histopathologic grade, gender, and age in OSCC samples.
The greater number of eosinophils is seen in malignant than premalignant lesions of the oral cavity. It is recommended to consider the high number of eosinophils in premalignant lesions as an indicator for a more potential of preliminary oral lesions to undergo malignant transformation.

Eosinophils produce proteases that stimulate invasion in cancers. Due to the more malignant potential of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) compared to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), the aim of the present study was to compare tissue eosinophilia between OSCC and CSCC samples to understand whether tissue eosinophilia play a role in different biological behavior of OSCC and CSCC. Also, we assessed the relation between clinical stage and mean eosinophil counts.
This cross-sectional study included histopathological slides of 30 OSCC, 30 CSCC, 15 normal skin and 15 normal oral mucosa samples. The mean number of eosinophil per square millimeter (eos/mm2) was calculated and the severity of tissue eosinophilia was accordingly categorized into absent/mild and sever. Clinical stages of OSCC and CSCC samples were extracted from archived files.
There was significant relationship between mean eosinophil count and clinical stage in both OSCC and CSCC groups (P Intense tissue eosinophilia is correlated with stromal invasion in OSCC and CSCC samples as seen in advanced clinical stage. Different biological behaviors of OSCC and CSCC do not depend on eosinophils and other factors can be involved.