جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Explosive agents » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Xenobiotic contamination is a global concern. Nitroaromatic compounds enter the environment through ammunition, ordnance disposal, burning the outdoors, and leakage of ammunition. Thirty percent of explosives enter the environment without any change, which can cause pollution of soil, water, and health concerns. So, effective remediation of the contaminated area is necessary.

Soil bioreactors consisted of plastic pans placed in larger pans. Explosives were analyzed using a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system, Model 486 UV detector, and a Nova Pak C18 guard column. LC-MS detected intermediates on an RP18 analytical column equipped with a C18 guard column.

Rhamnolipid significantly affected 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) biodegradation rates with the help of indigenous bioaugmentation. The mentioned condition was also effective on the maximum bacterial growth in various nitroaromatics (S0) concentrations, in which the top change occurred. The specific growth rate was foremost in a setup containing microbial inoculated and biosurfactant (0.19) responding to 800 mg/kg TNT and 150 mg/kg PETN. The maximum bacterial enumeration of sludge and biosurfactant were 4.8 × 108 and 4.1 × 108 CFU/g, respectively. The aerobic-anaerobic sequence could be able to produce less harmful metabolites. In an aerobic-anaerobic sequence process, using the anaerobic process could help complete the azo compounds degradation in the aerobic stage.

Aerobic-anaerobic condition is suitable for bioremediation contaminated explosive sites and achieving complete mineralization. Generally, this proposed method is possible for in situ bioremediation.

Iranian people celebrate the last Wednesday of the year also known as Chahar Shambeh Soori (CSS) using low explosive pyrotechnics classified as fireworks. Mishaps and accidents are common and maxillofacial fractures may occur which have a negative impact on the quality of life. This study aimed to assess maxillofacial fractures (fx) caused by explosive agents.

This cross-sectional descriptive study assessed 283 patients suffering maxillofacial fxs caused by explosive agents during CSS ceremonies between 2009 and 2019 referred to our craniomaxillofacial (CMF) surgery center. The data assessed included age, sex, cause, type, site, and severity of injury, fracture patterns, treatment modalities, and complications. All maxillofacial injuries were evaluated and treated by Craniomaxillofacial staff surgeons.

Among 283 patients, 72.8% (206) and 27.2% (77) were men and women, respectively. The mean age of patients was 17.35 years. The most common maxillofacial fracture was in the mid-face; with the distribution of fractures being: 39.9% zygomatic fractures, 32.1% nasal bone fractures, 63.2% dentoalveolar fracture, 43.1% Le Fort (Le Fort I, Le Fort II, Le Fort III), 31.4% orbital, and 43.1% mandible fractures. The most frequent type of treatment was Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) (77.4%).

The most common site of maxillofacial fractures and most frequent treatment used were similar to military or ballistic injuries. ORIF was common treatment.

Lead exposure is associated with several health hazards among workers with different individual responses. We conducted this study to determine the possible effects of lead exposure on hematological parameters and kidney function of a group of Egyptian ammunition workers and the interaction of aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) G177C gene polymorphisms as an effect modifier. Significant differences were observed between exposed workers with ALAD1-1 and ALAD1-2 genotypes in terms of blood lead level, hematological parameters and kidney function. It seems that δ-ALAD gene polymorphism may be an effect modifier and a marker of genetic susceptibility to lead toxicity.

Acute poisoning by oral ingestion of mixed hazardous materials can lead to multiorgan toxicity and may represent a special challenge in clinical management, in particular if little is known about the effects of the involved agents. This is especially true when industrial chemical substances have been swallowed, as a huge variety of toxic substances must be taken into account..
This case report describes the management of this potentially life-threatening situation in a 21-year-old man with multiorgan system failure, who developed gastrointestinal bleeding, anemia, renal dysfunction, altered visual acuity, seizure, jaundice, and ascites due to multiorgan toxicity. This patient was successfully treated with repeated hemodialysis, and survived. He was discharged from the hospital with an acceptable level of morbidity..
In cases of oral-based multiple hazardous substance toxicity without a specific antidote, hemodialysis seems to be the best treatment. The problems created by multiorgan toxicity and the issues involved in the decision-making process are discussed in the management of this extraordinarily overwhelming complication..