جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « HBsAb » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »
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BackgroundThe extent to which maternal antibodies against the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAb) acquired transplacentally affect the immune responses to the hepatitis B vaccine (HBVac) in infants is still uncertain.ObjectiveTo explore the impact of the HBsAb on the immune response to the HBVac in a mouse model.MethodsAccording to the doses of the HBVac (2, 5 μg) injected, 267 BALB/c mice were divided into two groups. Each group was subdivided into 3 subgroups based on the doses of the hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) (0, 25, 50 IU) administered. The HBsAb titers were detected 4 weeks after completing the HepB vaccination.ResultsAmong all the mice, 40 had an HBsAb titer <100 mIU/mL (non- or low-response to the HBVac). The rates of the HBsAb titer <100 mIU/mL in 0, 25 and 50 IU HBIG groups were 1.1%, 23.1%, and 20.7%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for low- or non-response to the HBVac were injection with the HBIG, low HBVac dose, and hypodermic injection. The mean HBsAb titers (log10) reduced gradually in the 0, 25 and 50 IU HBIG groups (P<0.001).ConclusionThe HBIG administration has negative impacts on the peak level of the HBsAb and the rate of an effective immune response. This implies that the maternal HBsAb acquired transplacentally might inhibit the immune responses to the HBVac in infants.Keywords: BALB, c Mice, HBsAb, Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin, Hepatitis B vaccine, Immune response}
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BackgroundVaccination of children against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most effective strategy to prevent infections in their future life. However, the real response to HBV vaccination in infancy is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the status of immune response to HBV vaccine among children aged 8 to 18 months in east coast of the Caspian Sea, Bandar-e Turkmen, Golestan, Iran.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 565 children from Bandar-e Turkmen ranging from 8 to 18 months of age, vaccinated in a routine vaccination program were included. The serum samples were collected from all children and HBsAb titers were measured using ELISA.ResultsOut of 565 children, 12 (2.12%) had anti-HBs titers <10 IU/L (non-responder) while 553 (97.88%) had anti-HBs titers >10 IU/L (responder) (p<0.05). Among these responder children, 92 (16.3%) had anti-HBs titers 10-100 IU/L (poor responder) and 461(81.6%) had anti-HBs titers >100 IU/L (good responder). The negative children were revaccinated (3-doses) and 11 of them became protected against HBV infection (anti-HBs titers >10 IU/L). Only 1 of the included children was non-responder, after routine vaccination and 3 doses revaccination.ConclusionThe results of this study indicated that the HBV vaccination program in this region of Iran is effective and most of the children showed positive immune responses after three doses of vaccination. Importantly, revaccination of non-protected individuals is recommendedKeywords: hepatitis B vaccination, HBsAb, Children, Immune response}
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BackgroundHepatitis B infection is one of the common diseases worldwide and the most prevalent communicable virus transferred by blood to the healthcare personnel. Active immunity is the most effective measure to prevent hepatitis B infection. The present study aimed at determining hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) in nursing students in Iran, 2013.MethodsThe present cross sectional study was conducted on 178 students of nursing, anesthesia, and operating room. They had been fully vaccinated against hepatitis B. HBsAb level was determined in blood samples by enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Dialab kit made in Italy. Independent t test, ANOVA, and the Tukey range test were used to analyze the data. The level of significance wasResultsHBsAb level of 4 (2.2%) cases was below 10 mIU/L, 109 (61.3%) had an HBsAb level between 10 and 100 mIU/L, and in 65 (36.5%) cases, HBsAb level was above 100 mIU/L. Mean HBsAb level in the cases was 95.71 ± 61.4 mIU/L. There was no statistically significant difference among the means of HBsAb in terms of gender, time elapsed from the last vaccination, and time to attend training (PConclusionsIn general, it can be concluded that due to high immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine, serological immune response assessment of vaccinated individuals is not necessary except for special and risky groups and, therefore, not recommended.Keywords: HBsAb, Hepatitis B, Nursing Students}
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The Prevalence of HBsAg and HBsAb among Pregnant Women Referring to Zeinabiyeh Hospital, Shiraz IranBackgroundHepatitis B virus infection is a worldwide health problem. Vertical transmission is a route of Hepatitis B virus infection that is regarded as a considerable factor in Hepatitis B virus prevention program all over the world.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to screen the hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B surface antibody and hepatitis B e antigen in pregnant women.MethodsFrom September to October 2009, two hundred fifty pregnant women in Zeynabieh hospital in Shiraz, Iran, were recruited consecutively to this study at the time of their delivery. Their sera were examined for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B e antigen and hepatitis B surface antibody, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Different demographic data (i.e. age, nationality, vaccination and family history of Hepatitis B virus infection) were investigated to determine the presence or absence of hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B e antigen and hepatitis B surface antibody.ResultsAmong 250 subjects, the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B surface antibody was 1.2 % and 50%, respectively. Demographic data that showed significant association with prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen were family history of Hepatitis B virus infection (X2 = 7.735, P = 0.05), age (X2 = 3.762, P = 0.05) and nationality (X2 = 5.41, P = 0.02).ConclusionThe findings of this study recommended the necessity of hepatitis B surface antigen screening test for pregnant women especially for those younger than 25 years of age and with the family history of Hepatitis B virus infection and also for Afghani residents.Keywords: HBV, HBsAg, HBsAb, Pregnant Women}
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زمینه و هدفیکی از مخاطراتی که پزشکان و کارکنان پزشکی قانونی و سایر کادر پزشکی با آن روبرو هستند، خطر سرایت بعضی بیماری های عفونی نظیر ایدز، هپاتیت B و C به خصوص از سوی افراد پرخطر مثل معتادان تزریقی می باشد؛ اما واقعا چه میزانی از اجساد معتادان تزریقی و به طبع نمونه های ناقل بیماری های واگیردار از جمله ایدز، هپاتیت B و C می باشند. مطالعه حاضر قصد دارد پاسخ به این سوال را روشن سازد.روش بررسیاین پژوهش یک مطالعه مشاهده ای توصیفی از نوع مورد شاهدی می باشدکه از تاریخ 1/2/86 لغایت 1/2/87 در اداره کل پزشکی قانونی همدان بر روی اجساد معتادان تزریقی منجر به فوت و گروه شاهد (به همان تعداد از اجساد تصادفی) صورت گرفته است. در مجموع 94 مورد در گروه تحقیق و همین تعداد در گروه کنترل مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. اطلاعات فردی از طریق چک لیست جمع آوری شده و بررسی های آزمایشگاهی شامل سنجش HBsAg و HBsAb و HIVAb و HCVAb بوده که در موارد مثبتHIVAb با انجام آزمایش Western Blot و در موارد مثبت HCVAb با انجام آزمایش RIBA مورد تایید نهایی قرار گرفته است. اطلاعات جمع آوری شده با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.یافته هامیزان شیوع هپاتیت C، هپاتیت B وAIDS در گروه مورد به ترتیب 6/60، 4/6 و 6/10% و در گروه شاهد به ترتیب 3/5، 3/4 و صفر درصد به دست آمد که در خصوص هپاتیت C و AIDS تفاوت گروه مورد و شاهد از نظر آماری معنی دار است (p به ترتیب کمتر از 001/0 و 0001/0).نتیجه گیریبا در نظر گرفتن نتایج پژوهش حاضر پیشنهاد می شود پرسنل پزشکی قانونی و سایر کادر پزشکی در هنگام تماس با اجساد، بیماران یا نمونه های مربوط به گروه های در معرض خطر حتما نکات ایمنی، از جمله استفاده از ماسک، عینک و دستکش را با دقت بیشتری رعایت نمایند.
کلید واژگان: HCVAb, HBsAb, HBsAg, HIVAb, معتادان تزریقی, همدان}BackgroundA concern for doctors and medical staff in forensic medicine centers is the risk of transmission contagious diseases such as AIDS, Hepatitis B and C from patients or cadavers of IV drug abusers and their specimens. They may be infected to these serious diseases. The estimation of the prevalences of these diseases in expired IV drug abusers can be a guide for primary and secondary preventions in high risk forensic medicine and other medical centers personnel.MethodsThis is a one- year observational descriptive case-control study on expired IV drug abusers and the control group (car accident victims), handled in Hamedan Forensic Medicine Center from 20 April 2007 to 20 April 2008. To estimate the prevalence of AIDS, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C infections among cadavers of IV drug abusers and to compare them with these prevalence in cadavers of the control group, blood samples were taken from all expired IV drug abusers and the same number of car accident victims. Then the blood samples were analyzed in the laboratory for detection of HBS-Ag, HBS-Ab, HIV-Ab, and HCV-Ab (hemolyzed blood samples were excluded from the study). To confirm the diagnosis, Western Blot and RIBA tests were done on positive samples for HIV-Ab and HCV-Ab respectively. Demographic data were taken too. Statistical analysis of the results was performed by using SPSS software (version16).FindingsOut of 94 expired IV drug abusers, 10. 6٪ were HIV-Ab positive, 6. 4٪ were HBS-Ag positive, and 60. 6٪ were HCV-Ab positive, which were statistically significant for HIV and HCV compared to control group (p< 0. 001 and p<0. 0001 respectively).ConclusionSince the prevalence of HIV and HCV infections have shown a significant difference between expired IV drug abusers and the control group, strict observation of safety such as wearing masks, glasses, and gloves are highly recommended to reduce the risk of acquiring these diseases in case of exposure to patients, cadavers and specimens of IV drug abusers.Keywords: HIVAb, HBsAg, HbsAb, HCVAb, IV Drug Abuser, Hamedan}
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