جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Homicide » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

 This study aimed to investigate mortality and years of life lost (YLL) due to suicide and homicide in children aged 10-19 years in southern Iran from 2004 to 2019.

Study Design:

 A cross-sectional study.

 The data on all deaths due to suicide and homicide in Fars province were obtained from the population-based electronic death registration system (EDRS). Crude mortality rate and YLL were calculated. The joinpoint regression method was used to examine the trend.

 During the study period, 563 cases of suicide and 218 cases of homicide in children aged 10-19 have occurred. The total number of YLL due to suicide was 9766 in men and 6261 in women. According to the joinpoint regression analysis, the trend of YLL due to suicide was increasing in males. In other words, the annual percent change (APC) was 4.8% (95% CI 0.4 to 9.5, P=0.036). Additionally, there was a constant trend in females, and APC was 2.7% (95% CI -2.0 to 7.7, P=0.241). The number of YLL due to homicide was 4890 in males and 1294 in females. The trend of YLL due to homicide was stable in males and females. In other words, APC was -1.6% (95% CI -5.6 to -2.6, P=0.422) in males and -2.7% (95% CI -10.0 to 5.2, P=0.467) in females.

 Based on the findings of this study, the trend of mortality rate and YLL due to suicide in men has been increasing and it has been stable in women. Moreover, the trend of mortality due to homicide was stable for both males and females. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive actions.

This study aimed to investigate the death trend and years of life lost (YLL) caused by social harmin Ilam province. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ilam province from 2009 to 2019. To estimate YLL, alldeaths caused by suicide, homicide, and addiction were included in the study. The data were collected from theForensic Medicine Organization. The analysis was carried out using SPSS software (version 23.0). A p-valueof <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Between 2009 and 2019, there were 1712 occurrences of suicide, homicide, and addiction, whichresulted in a total of 62,605 years of lost life (53,934 per 100,000 people). The highest frequency was relatedto the age group of 15-29 years, while the lowest was related to the age group of 0-14 years (p<0.001). Duringthe studied period, men were more likely than women to commit suicide, homicide, and addiction in Ilam(p>0.439). Between 2009 and 2019, the number of suicides and homicides in Ilam province started a decreasingtrend for both sexes, while the number of deaths caused by addiction was increasing. The results of this study indicated that the age groups of 15-29 years had the highest rate ofYLL is caused by suicide, homicide, and addiction for both sexes. Furthermore, the findings showed that YLLdecreased for suicide and homicide, but increased for addiction.

This study was conducted to determine the mortality rate and years of life lost (YLL) due to homicide in Fars province. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study.

All data related to deaths due to homicide in Fars province were obtained from the Populationbased Electronic Death Registration System. Crude and age-standardized mortality rate, YLL, and YLL rate data were calculated and joinpoint regression was used to examine the trend.

During 2004-2019, 2148 deaths due to homicide occurred in Fars province, and (1782 cases (83.0%) were men. The crude mortality rate in men decreased by 44.0% from 2004 to 2019, but a stable trend was observed in women. The total YLL due to homicide during these 16 years was 43 230 (1.37 per 1000 people) in men and 8931 (0.29 per 1000 people) in women. According to the joinpoint regression analysis, the 16-year trend of the YLL rate due to premature mortality in men was decreasing, and the annual percent change (APC) was -4.00% (95% confidence interval [CI]: -6.60 to -1.20, P = 0.008). However, women demonstrated stable trends in this respect, and APC was -0.50% (95% CI: -3.10 to 2.20, P = 0.704).

The crude and standardized mortality rates and the number of YLL due to homicide in the study period had a significant decreasing trend in men but a stable trend in women. To control this issue, officials and policymakers should identify the areas of homicide and control its risk factors such as economic and social issues, drug addiction, and the state of violence.

To provide detailed of suicide and homicide mortality and calculate of years of life lost (YLLs) in Ilam province Iran, during 2014-2018.

In this cross-sectional study, all deaths due to suicide and homicide were enrolled to estimate YLLs, in Ilam province between 2014-2018. The source of data was legal medicine organization (LMO). All analysis was performed at 0.05 significant levels using statistical software package STATA for Windows version 11.2 and SPSS 21 software.

The total YLLs of suicide and homicide were 15685 and 5317, respectively. 522 per 100,000 populations were suicide and 117 for homicide. The YLL and 95% confidence interval form suicide was 34.4 (32.8-36.1) for both sexes that 33.7 (31.6-35.8) for men, and 35.5 (32.7-38.3) for women. In this study period, YLLs rate began to increase over the years in both injury-related in 2016.

Results of this study disclosed the most prominent contribution of men and peoples aged 15-29 to the YLLs. Also our results indicate a recent increase in suicide and homicide YLLs for both genders.

Murder is one of the public health problems. According to the WHO reports, murder is fourth leading cause of death among young people. The aim of this study was applying joint point regression model to study trend of homicide mortality in Iran, 2006-2016. Study design: A cross-sectional panel (pseudo-panel) study.

Homicide data during 2006 to 2016 were extracted from Iranian legal medicine organization. Trends of homicide incidence were summarized by annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) using non-linear segmented regression model.

Totally, 26918 homicide cases occurred during the period from 2006 to 2016. The highest and lowest frequency was related to the 15-29 yr (46.5%) and 0-4 yr (1.5%) age groups, respectively. The homicide incidence rate of the country in 2016 was 2.81 per 100,000. The four provinces of Sistan & Baluchistan, Khuzestan, Kerman and Ilam had the highest incidence rate in 2016, respectively. During the study period, the incidence rate of homicide in Iran and men have been significantly decreased (APC: -2.8% (95% CI: -3.9, -1.7) and -3.2% (95% CI: - 4.5, -1.8) respectively (P<0.001)).

The pattern of homicide rate has a downward trend in the country. Moreover, the varying observed trends in some provinces can be due to the variability in mental, geographical, socio-economic and cultural conditions in each region.

 Fatal intimate partner violence occurs among adolescents, which is often when first exposure to intimate partner violence occurs in the United States. However, research mainly examines intimate partner violence-related fatalities between adult intimate partners. Such findings document that non-intimate partners, corollary victims, are at risk for violence during intimate partner violence incidents, as well. Research examining fatal intimate partner violence among adolescents is scant. This study informs public health of the extent and circumstances of fatal adolescent intimate partner violence by quantifying the burden across a five-year span; describing fatal victims by demographics and precipitating circumstances; and examining differences by victim type.

 This study used data from 17 states of the United States in the National Violent Death Reporting System to examine fatal intimate partner violence-related incidents involving at least one adolescent intimate partner (15-19 years of age) from 2011-2015. IPV-related death cases were guided by the intimate partner violence surveillance criteria prescribed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Decedents were subdivided into intimate partner victims, perpetrator victims, and corollary victims. Victims were described by demographics, victim descriptors, and precipitating circumstances of death. Annual trends and descriptive statistics were calculated.

 There were 93 intimate partner violence-related fatal incidents among adolescents with 116 decedents. A firearm was the predominant weapon. Crises, arguments, jealousy, and physical fights were common precipitating circumstances. Corollary victims represented 18% of all victims, 65% were intimate partner victims, and 17% perpetrator victims. Corollary victims were primarily linked to the suspect by other intimate partners, and friends and acquaintances.

 Intimate partner violence is a preventable public health problem. This study documents that intimate partner violence among adolescents can result in deaths of intimate partners and corollary victims. Effective prevention should begin in early adolescence and incorporate shared and protective risk factors to have the greatest impact on adolescent IPV.

Differentiating between homicide and suicide can be difficult and even impossible. In this report, we presented a fatal stabbing injury, which made a challenge in the verification of the manner of death.Case Report: A 45-year-old man was found dead in his workplace with a knife beside him. His mouth was closed with a scarf, his clothes were intact, and no evidence of a struggle was observed in the scene investigation. There was a vertical stab wound on the midline of the victim’s belly and his intestines were tangled out of the wound. In the autopsy, no defense wound was found. There was blood in the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal region and several perforations were observed in the intestine and liver along the superficial wound. Painful death and torturous extraction of visceral organs resembled homicide, but nothing indicative of hostility and homicide was found by the forensic exploration and police investigation. Finally, the manner of death was assigned as suicide and the cause of death was a hemorrhagic shock as a result of sharp force injuries. This case represents a bizarre suicide, which is rare and highly suspicious of homicide. In such mysterious cases, the evidence of autopsy and crime scene and police investigation should be regarded to make a decision.

There are five different kinds of death; natural death due to any disease, accidental death, suicidal death, homicidal death, and undetermined death. This study aimed to determine the major causes of death based on the autopsied reports to aid the development of preventive strategies. This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study consisting of autopsy reports of all suicidal, homicidal and occupational deaths recorded in all forensic medicine dissection halls in thirty-two provinces of Iran from March 2011 to March 2015. A questionnaire was designed containing all the information required for our studies such as gender, age, cause of death, and the autopsy reports. There were 19288 suicides, 11655 homicides, and 8558 occupational deaths during five years. Among suicidal deaths, there were seventy percent male and thirty percent female. Most victims (about 22%) were between 18 to 24 years old (Mean age ± SD: 33.1 ± 13.1 years). The highest cases of suicide were 52% hanging, and 25% poisoning, respectively. Among homicidal victims, there were 18% males and 20% females. Most victims were between 25 to 29 years old (24%) (Mean age ± SD: 32.4 ± 15.6 years). The most common methods were 46% firearms, and 29% stab wounds, respectively. Among occupational deaths happened in 99% of males and 1% of females. The most common victims’ age-group was 30 - 39 years old (25%) (Mean age ± SD: 35.8 ± 10.3 years). Seventy-four percent of cases were caused by blunt trauma as a result of falling from a height. The second common cause of death was Electrocution (21% of the cases). The analysis of the causes of suicidal, homicidal, occupational deaths, can aid the development of preventive strategies to decrease the occurrence of these kinds of preventable deaths in Iran.

Firearm related injuries continue to increase throughout the world and they become the first or second cause of mortality in worldwide. The present study aimed to determine the factors that affect mortality in firearm injuries. The patients which were admitted to emergency service between January 2011 and December 2015 due to firearm injuries, were reviewed from hospital records. The patients were evaluated in terms of their age, sex, event time, admission time, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), the reason of event, type of weapon, the region of the body that injured, department in which they were hospitalized, hospitalization duration and the relation between these parameters and mortality. A total of 174 patients (86.8% male, 13.2% female) were identified. The mean age of patients was 35.2 years and 30 patients (17.2%) died. Among the cases, 137 were attempted homicide (78.7%), 23 were accidents and the remaining 14 were suicides. The suicidal cases had significantly higher mortality rate than other causes (P=0.003). The most frequently used weapon was pistols (73.6%) and the events took place between 18.00 and 24.00 (36.2%) hours mainly. The injuries were mostly on extremities, however many of deaths were seen after head- neck injuries and the mortality rate of head and neck injuries was significantly higher than other regions (P<0.001). The mean of hospitalization duration was 9.1 days and it was 10.2 ± 11.7 days for survivors, 4 ± 7.3 days for died subjects. The hospitalization duration of died patients was significantly shorter than survivors (P=0.042). The GCS of died patients (4.4 ± 1.7) was significantly lower than those of survivors (13.3 ± 2.8) (P<0.001). The ISS score of died patients (49.7 ± 24.1) was significantly higher than those of survivors (13.6 ± 10.6) (P<0.001). It was determined that GCS, ISS, length of hospitalization, injuries due to suicide attempt, the department of hospitalization, injuries to head-neck regions affected mortality significantly.

Filicide is the term to describe the homicide of the child performed by one of the parents or both. Many different methods and devices may be used for these types of murders, for example, asphyxia, planned car accidents, stabbing by knife, battering, electricity, and so on. Most deaths due to electrocution are categorized as accidental in domestic and industrial environments. Murder by electrocution is reported very rarely. This case presents the murder of the child by his father in the way which is not usually applied in either filicide or homicide. The body of a dead eight-year-old boy was brought to the Legal Medicine Organization center for autopsy with the history of separated parents and father with bipolar disorder. The coroner noticed the boy`s toes wired directly to an electric socket at the scene of the crime so the deceased was referred for further evaluation. Although filicide by electrocution is a rare method, especially for familicide according to literature, it should be considered in such murders.

The relationship between personality traits and criminal behavior has not been sufficiently investigated. This study was done to determine the personality traits in a group of criminals who have committed homicide.
This study was conducted to compare the personality traits in three groups of people in Tehran during 2014. The statistical population was examined 3 communities; first, forensic psychiatric patients; Second, people who accused homicide without psychiatric diagnosis; and, matched group (with no diagnosis and crime). The study sample included 121 males; they have been divided into 3 groups: psychiatric patients who have committed homicide (n=41), murderers without any major psychiatric disorder (n=40) and control group which includes non-committed and non-patient (n=40). The cases were evaluated by a short form of Neo questionnaire.
There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of personality traits, which included neurosis, extroversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness. The most significant difference was in extroversion and conscientiousness variables. Psychiatric patients’ committed homicide showed higher scores than those of non-patient and the control group. Psychiatric patients had lower scores in extroversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness characteristics in comparison with the other two groups.
Psychiatric patients who have committed homicide have more Irascible traits. Non-patient cases who committed homicide have a tendency to introspection and egocentrism and they are socially compatible in comparison with patient groups. These subjects are among dispassionate ones. The results of this study failed to demonstrate a significant difference between non-patient cases who have committed homicide and the control group.

Homicide is killing of a human being by another human being. Various methods like strangulation, cut throat, stabbing etc may be used for homicide; however combination of two mechanisms is rare.
Case Report: hereby we present a rare case with unexpected appearance of two different mechanisms of homicide applied over same region, wherein body of a female was referred to us with history of cut throat. Body of the deceased was found near her house with cut throat injuries over front of neck, on examination cut throat injuries were present over neck along with ligature mark intermingling with them.
The present case represents an unexpected rare association of two methods of homicide, as in this case of strangulation followed by cut throat. Correct Interpretation of cause of death with its manner in such case is very important, which needs meticulous post-mortem examination along with proper correlation with other information.

Homicide followed by the perpetrator's suicide commonly seen in dyadic death. The time lag between homicide and suicide is very less. Dyadic deaths are rare in occurrence and their nature varies in each case. Also, the causes of death in suicide and homicide are different but it may be same in few cases. Perpetrators are usually male and always use weapons that are easily available in their vicinity for homicide and suicide.
Case Report: We received two calls, one hour apart from a local police station in South Mumbai, regarding death due to firearm injuries. At the first crime scene, we found a forty-year policeman with a contact shot over the right temporal region. Subsequently, we visited second crime scene that was 100 meters away from the first crime scene. We observed a forty-eight-year-old female with contact shot over the sternal region. Initially investigating authorities mystified over two deaths due to the firearm. We collected evidence from crime scenes. We performed autopsies at the tertiary care teaching hospital. We studied role of perpetrator dyadic death and constructed a crime scene.
Meticulous efforts revealed a dyadic death i.e. murder followed by suicide due to an extra-marital relationship and monetary dispute. Also, the misuse of service pistol (issued by police department) by the perpetrator for killing the victim and himself.

Identification is the determination of the individuality of a person based on certain physical characteristics. It is the process of exact fixation of personality. In partial or incomplete identification, certain facts are determined, such as; race, age, sex, stature and etc., while other characteristics are not known.
Case Report: Unknown skeleton came to the department of forensic medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, and Varanasi in 2015 for the purpose of identification and to determine the cause of death. It was estimated to be a male of age 25-35 years with a depressed comminuted fracture along with two other antemortem fractures in the skull. So, based upon the type of skull fracture found, the most likely cause of death was opined to be coma as a result of head injury. Time since death was estimated to around 3-4 weeks based on the ambient temperature being 40±5ºC, entomology and semi-skeletonised condition of the body.
The case has been reported in view of the fact that an unknown body with a little history came to us mainly for the purpose of identification had eventually turned out to be a case of possible homicide. Hence, a thorough examination of each and every case is recommended.

Murder is considered as the worst crime in all societies. It might be accomplished suddenly based on previous resolution, effect of stimuli, or due to a mental condition. The present study aimed to determine the reasons and motivations to commit a murder from murderers’ point of view. Patients and It is a qualitative research making use of content analysis, conducting on 17 male imprisoned murderers. Participants were selected through goal based sampling to gain data saturation among prisoners in central prison of Kermanshah. Deep individual and semi-structured interviews were conducted using general questions designed as interview guide. In the meantime, personal satisfaction, information privacy, liberty to leave the study, and moral commitment of the interviews were observed. In the end, five main contents were found: collective quarrel, honor killing, emotional dissatisfaction, lack of control on anger, and burglary. It seems that prevention of collective quarrel and control on anger could be helpful to decrease the murder rate in society.

Asphyxia is the commonest mode of death in various violent homicidal deaths and in majority of such cases, there may not be any evidence of external injury except the general features of asphyxia being the only proof to rely upon. Under such circumstances, even an experienced medicolegal expert may not go further than to declare the death to be due to asphyxia; the exact mode adopted being left unexplained.Case Report: We present here a case report of three family members who were killed by means of gagging with the motive of taking over the property. Deaths due to gagging is rare but most of the times homicidal. This case was peculiar as there were multiple individuals who were gagged simultaneously and their bodies were stuffed into trunk.