جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « IL » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The imbalance of T-helper (Th) lymphocyte cytokine production plays an important role in the immunopathogenesis of chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection. Th1 cytokines are necessary for host antiviral immune response, while Th2 cytokines have an immunomodulatory role.
The current study aimed at determining the serum profile of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in patients with chronic HBV infection and to assess the correlation between the levels of the cytokines and ALT level in the patients.
Sixty patients with chronic hepatitis B and 60 age and gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The serum levels of Th1 cytokine, interferon gamma (IFN- ), Th2 cytokines, IL-4, and IL-10 were measured using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum ALT level was measured by the Colorimetry method.
The results showed that the level of IL-4 was significantly lower in patients in comparison with the controls (P 0.05). The concentration of IFN- was significantly higher in patients compared with the healthy controls (P The results revealed enhanced Th1 response and reduced Th2 response, which is favored for the formation of a strong immune response and leads to viral elimination. The decrease of IL-4 indicated a lower viral load in the patients. In addition, a non-active disease resulted from the patients’ IL10 level showing no significant difference between the patients and the controls. Significant increase of IFN- in patients indicated the activation of Th1 cells. The immunological outcome can help in finding better treatment strategies. The results suggest that interferon therapy with low dose can be a helpful strategy. Although the decrease in ALT level was not significantly correlated with an increase in IFN- in the patients, the increase of IFN- level demonstrated a modulation in hepatocellular damage.

IGF-1 and certain other cytokines have been shown to exert inflammatory/anti-inflammatory roles in chronic joint diseases.
To assess the effect of IGF-1, IL-27 and IL-35, their interaction and their receptor expression in a rheumatoid arthritis model.
Freund’s adjuvant-induced chronic joint inflammation was operated on 160 male rats. Animals were divided into histopathology and receptor expression groups, each composed of 10 subgroups including; control, vehicle, IGF-1, IL-27, IL-35, their antagonists, IGF-127 antagonist and IGF-135 antagonist. After two weeks, vehicle or agonist/antagonists were injected into the joint space every other day until day 28 where joint histopathology was performed. The expression of IGF-1, IL-27 and IL-35 receptors were assessed by western blot analysis.
IGF-1 did not show pro- or anti- inflammatory functions; endogenous IL-27 and IL-35, on the other hand, exerted inflammatory effects. IL-27 and IL-35 antagonists exerted the highest anti-inflammatory effects. The total inflammation scores were 0.55 ± 0.06, 4.63 ± 0.40, 3.63 ± 0.60, 2.50 ± 0.38 and 1.63 ± 0.40 regarding control, vehicle, IGF-1 Ant., IL-27 Ant. and IL-35Ant., respectively. IGF-1 receptor expression was reduced in chronic joint inflammation and all three antagonists augmented the IGF-1 receptor expression. IL-27 and IL-35 receptors were up-regulated by chronic joint inflammation.
Overall, the results demonstrated the pro-inflammatory role of endogenous IL-27 and IL-35 along with the over expression of their receptors in chronic joint inflammation. IL-27 and IL-35 antagonists exerted the most anti-inflammatory effects and increased IGF-1 receptor expression. These two antagonists may be potential agents for new treatment strategies in chronic joint inflammatory diseases.

Background & objective The immunoregulatory effects of transforming growth factor (TGF)-βand interleukin-12 (IL-12) and immunomodulatory actions of vitamin D (VD) were reported in several studies. This study aims to evaluate VD effects on IL-12 and TGF-β expression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).
EAE was induced in three groups of C57BL/6 mice by immunization with MOG and administered intra-peritoneally 200 ngVD, PBS or olive oil (OO) from day to . One group was also considered as healthy control group. At day 31, cytokines expression in the spinal cord and their serum levels were determined using real time-PCR and ELISA, respectively.
IL-12 gene expression and its serum levels in PBS-injected- or OO-administrated EAE groups were significantly higher than healthy group. IL-12 gene expression in EAE group treated with VD was significantly decreased compared to PBS-injected- or OO-administrated EAE groups (P
VD modulates the expression of IL-12 and TGF-β in spinal cord and serum of EAE mice.

Interleukin (IL-12) and the granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor gene (GM-CSF) have been used as immunotherapeutic agents in cancer gene therapy as they activate dendritic cells and boost anti-tumor immune responses. IL-12 and GM-CSF have different roles in anti-tumor immune response.
The aim of present study was to investigate the anti-tumor effects of combined gene therapy with GM-CSF and IL-12 in a fibrosarcoma mouse model.
To investigate the combined therapeutic effect of GM-CSF and IL-12, WEHI 164 tumor cells were transfected with Murine GM-CSF (m-GM-CSF) and Murine IL-12 (m-IL-12) genes, using Lipofectamine. The fibrosarcoma mouse model was established by subcutaneous injection of transfected cells to Balb/c mice. Mice were sacrificed and the tumors were extracted. Tumor sizes were measured by caliper. The expression of GM-CSF, IL-12 and IFN-γ was studied by real-time PCR and immunoblotting. The expression of Ki-67 (a proliferation marker) in tumor masses was studied by immunohistochemistry staining.
The tumor size was reduced in IL-12 GM-CSF group (P Combination therapy with GM-CSF and IL-12 displayed significant therapeutic effects and represented a promising gene therapy strategy for cancer.

In the present study, the effects of verapamil on inflammation and angiogenesis in air pouch model were studied. To create a model of inflammation in the rats, on days 1 and 3 sterile air, and on the sixth day, carrageenan was injected into the pouch subcutaneously. Normal saline as control, diclofenac sodium and dexamethasone as standards and verapamil (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2mg/rat) was injected into the pouch simultaneously with carrageenan and as well as 24 and 48 hours later. After 72 hours, volume of exudate, the leukocytes count, concentration of VEGF and IL-1ß, granulomatous tissue weight, histopathological changes and angiogenesis were considered. Verapamil significantly reduced leukocyte accumulation in all doses, but effect of 0.1mg/rat was more significant (P Verapamil has significant anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenesis effects in the air pouch model probably due to attenuation effects of verapamil on IL-1β and VEGF.

Myelin-directed autoimmunity seems to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Growing productions of both anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines are frequent findings in MS. The IL-10 is an immunosuppressive cytokine in the immune system. In the clinical trial, it is considered to be an anti-inflammatory therapy for inflammatory bowel disease and many other autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and MS. IL-19 as well as IL-20 belong to the IL-10 family. It appears that polymorphisms, within these genes, affected the level of gene expression. The goal of the present study was investigating the possible associations between IL-19 and IL-20 genes polymorphisms with multiple sclerosis. Therefore, 100 MS patients and 100 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Genotyping for the IL-19 (rs2243158GC, rs2243168GC) and IL-20 1053TG (rs2981572, rs2981573) were executed using Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR. The GC and AT genotypes related to IL-19 polymorphisms, rs2243158 and rs2243168, respectively, were significantly associated with multiple sclerosis (P = 0.004 and P

Interleukin-28 (IL-28B) rs12979860 C/T polymorphism is a known predictor of sustained virological response after antiviral treatment in hepatitis C. IL-28B affects the innate immune system as well as intrahepatic expression level of interferon-stimulated genes.
To investigate the effect of recipient IL-28B polymorphism on occurrence of acute rejection after liver transplantation.
140 liver allograft recipients were selected. Acute rejection episodes were recorded in 39 patients (AR group); the remaining had normal graft function (non-AR group). 70 normal subjects were also studied as the control group. The IL-28B rs12979860 was genotyped through PCR-RFLP method.
No significant difference was found between AR and non-AR groups in terms of genotype and allele frequency. However, the CC genotype was significantly (p Liver damage in association with the carriage of IL-28B C allele is associated with a higher likelihood of developing cirrhosis.

As a chronic inflammatory condition, psoriasis results from an interaction between genetic and immunologic factors in a predisposing environment. In spite of compelling evidence for the role of T cells and cytokines in psoriasis, interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-22 have not been sufficiently investigated.
To assess the serum levels of IL-10 and IL-22 in patients with psoriasis compared to healthy controls.
A total of 28 patients with psoriasis were compared with 28 age and sex-matched healthy subjects. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) criteria were used to measure the severity of the disease. Serum levels of IL-10 and IL-22 were measured in both groups and compared.
The mean serum level of IL-10 was 89.5±18.7 in patients compared to 117.2±23.4 pg/ml in the controls (p=0.36). Also, serum level of IL-22 was 284.1±49.7 in patients versus 425.4±82.8 pg/ml in control group (p=0.17). There was a significant direct correlation between levels of IL-10 and IL-22 in patients group (p=0.0005). The clinical severity of psoriasis was significantly correlated with high levels of IL-22 (p The decreased levels of IL-10 in psoriatic patients and direct correlation between higher levels of IL-22 and disease severity support the clinical implication of both cytokines in psoriasis.

Pre-eclampsia (PE) is known as a main factor contributing to fetomaternal mortality, which might affect 2-8% of all pregnancies after the twentieth week of gestation. The balance of T helper subsets is essential to sustain a normal pregnancy and preventing fetomaternal complications.
To investigate differences in the levels of transcription factors and cytokine gene expression of Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg subsets within decidual and chorionic layers of placentas from 15 PE-afflicted and 15 healthy Iranian women in their third trimester of pregnancy.
Using Quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR), The expression of T-BET, GATA-3, ROR-ɣt, FOXP3, and cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-31, IL-17, IL-23, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, and IL-35 in the placenta were compared at mRNA levels between groups.
FOXP3 and GATA-3 were significantly down-regulated, while T-BET was up-regulated in PE deciduae compared to the control group (p Our results shed more light on the contribution of Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg balance within placenta in the fate of a normal pregnancy. Moreover, regulatory T cells and IL-35 seem to play a central role in the regulation of all subsets.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is widely considered as the disease of elderly white men. Inflammation is one of the most well-known mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of AAA. Magnesium is one of the most important minerals in the body with established anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of Mg loading following AAA surgery on two inflammation markers, IL-6 and CRP, as well as patients’ outcome.
This study was conducted as a randomized clinical trial on 18 patients (divided into two groups) after surgical correction of Acute Aortic Aneurysm (AAA). All the patients admitted in ICU ward of Sina Hospital. In intervention group, 10 grams of MgSO4 has been infused through 12 hours. The control group has not received the intervention. IL-6 and CRP were measured and compared at times 0,12, 24 and 36 hours. The patients were monitored for 36 hours.
After intervention, the differences of heart rate and APACHE II score were not statistically significant between intervention and control groups (P=0.097 and P=0.472, respectively). IL-6 levels decreased consistently in both groups after inclusion in the study. However, IL-6 level was significantly less in intervention group early after the end of MgSO4 infusion comparing with control group (P=0.01). Likewise, the CRP level decreased significantly after inclusion in the study (P=0.005). However, these changes were not significant between intervention and control groups (P=0.297).
According to the results of this study, continuous infusion of MgSO4 after AAA surgery may provide IL-6 suppression.

Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) is a treatment program for relieving stress and coping with chronic illnesses. In recent three decades, studies have shown that MBSR has a positive effect on physical and psychological dimensions of chronic illnesses. Chemically pulmonary injured veterans have chronic pulmonary and psychological problems due to mustard gas exposure and complications of Iran-Iraq war. These stresses have negative effects on their general health and immune system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study conducted on psychoneuroimmunology and MBSR in these patients. Forty male pulmonary injured veterans were randomly divided in two groups with 20 participants (MBSR and wait-list control). Then MBSR group received 8 weekly sessions of intervention. We tested mental health based on general health questionnaire (GHQ)-28 questionnaire, health-related quality of life (based on St. George respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) ) and immunity in MBSR groups; before and after intervention "mixed factorial analyses of variance" test was used for analyzing data fpr each dependent variable and appropriate t-tests were done in The necessary condition. Results showed that mental health and health- related quality of life, in MBSR group compared to wait-list control improved [F (1,38)=26.46, p

Context: The aim of this review was to address the recent data regarding the role of IL-17A in the pathogenesis of depression and its complications, such as cancer..
Evidence Acquisition: This review article summarizes the recent data on the role of IL-17A in depression, using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases..
It has been documented that depression may alter the immune response via unknown mechanism/s. It is possible that immune responses and depression are linked via several molecules, including cytokines. IL-17A, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, participates in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory-based diseases, such as autoimmunity..
Due to the comorbidity of depression and chronic inflammatory processes, and depression’s effect on the immune system, it may be hypothesized that the IL-17A cytokine plays a key role in the pathogenesis of depression..

ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is a membrane integral protein which plays a vital role in High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism and exerts a protective effect against Hypoalphalipoproteinemia (HA) by mediation of rate-limiting step in HDL biogenesis. In addition, this protein possesses anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of some inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. This study investigated the association of ABCA1-565 C/T gene polymorphism with HA and serum lipids, IL-6 and CRP levels.
A population which consisted of 101 HA and 95 normal subjects were genotyped for ABCA1-565C/T polymorphism by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The serum concentrations of lipids, IL-6 and high sensitive-CRP (hs-CRP) were measured by the relevant methods.
The frequency of T allele was significantly higher in the HA group than the controls (31.7 vs. 19.5%, p=0.002). Thus, carriers of the T allele (CT and TT genotypes) had a higher risk for HA (p=0.016, OR=2.04, 95% CI=1.14-3.63). T allele carriers demonstrated decreased HDL-C and increased triglyceride, IL-6 and CRP levels than those with the CC genotype.
This study suggests that the-565 C/T polymorphism of ABCA1 gene is associated with an increased risk of HA, decreased HDL-C and increased TG, IL-6 and CRP.