جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Incidents » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Radiological and Nuclear disasters are emergencies which can result in injury, illness, or death. On-site health management are underprepared to respond to recognize key factors which underlie the On-site health management Radiological and Nuclear response is crucial to provide evidence-based knowledge to inform policies and above all clinical practice. Thus, this study aimed to extract the effective components and factors in the dynamic On-site health management and Emergency on the Scene systems.

A systematic review was accomplished in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The seven-stage structure was used in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement. The coverage index was strict in terms of the environment, participants (first responders), condition (Radiological and Nuclear responses), and proceedings (diagnosis, decontamination and detection). Twenty databases and topic-specific journals were searched. Researches were critically appraised using Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Studies were thematically coded and synthesized using NVivo 10.

Totally, 1065 articles were extracted through the systematic review. After studying the titles, abstracts and contents of the extracted articles, 20 were selected for the final analysis. Data were grouped into 4 themes: of preparedness in Scene, Medical Triage System, Contamination Survey, and Management of uninjured.

The results of this systematic review presented an overall view of the effective components in the dynamic On-site health management and Emergency on the Scene systems. Key factors infrastructure the dynamic On-site health management and Emergency on the Scene system to plan, prepare, and respond to emergencies effectively has legal, practical, and spiritual implications. Further, with the Known concerns from this review, in terms of both knowledge and behaviors propoSEl that a systems approach is required to comprehend the On-site health management and Emergency on the Scene Nuclear and Radiological response in the future.

 Hospitals are the front line of dealing with Incidents. Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) incidents are alarming for governments' healthcare providers and the public. Therefore, they must make the necessary preparations to deal with these incidents.

 This study aimed to evaluate the preparedness of hospitals against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear incidents and the related influential factors.

 The present study was a cross-sectional survey in northwest Iran, 2020-2022. The statistical population was the hospitals of West Azerbaijan province. The inclusion criteria were that hospitals must be university or therapeutic affiliated with the West Azerbaijan University of Medical Sciences, and at least one year had to be passed since the hospital’s operation. Also, the exclusion criteria were that the hospitals were on the verge of closing or changing their use. In this way, 26 hospitals in West Azerbaijan were studied. The "Canadian Center for Emergency Preparedness" evaluation checklist research tool was used to determine the level of preparedness of the studied hospitals in CBRN incidents. The data was collected for 5 months, from January to May 2021. Cronbach's alpha score for this checklist was 0.94. Descriptive and analytical statistics indicators were used for data analysis using SPSS 20 software.

 The study showed that the hospitals lacked the preparation, capacities, and abilities to deal with CBRN incidents. In the single-variable mode, in the chemical dimension, the number of morgues of the deceased (P = 0.006); in the biological aspect, per capita educational factors in the biological domain (P = 0.03), the number of facility personnel (P = 0.04), the number of infectious disease specialists (P = 0.02), the number of equipment with optimal laboratory capabilities (P = 0.04), and the number of morgues of the deceased (P = 0.006); in the radiological and nuclear dimensions per capita of nuclear education (P = 0.01) and dosimeter (P = 0.03), and the general dimension the CBRN training per capita (P = 0.004), the number of personnel (P = 0.015), and laboratory equipment (P = 0.006) had a significant relationship with the preparedness of hospitals against CBRN incidents (P < 0.05).

 Overall, this study's results showed that hospitals' preparedness against CBRN incidents was unsatisfactory, and appropriate policies needed to be adopted to improve it.

Unusual impacts of disasters on normal living conditions pose challenges to the health system. Nurses who take care of disaster victims may face situations that make decision‑making difficult; hereon, the use of new technologies can be a useful solution. The study aimed to identify the telenursing care during incidents and disasters.

The study was conducted at a medical science university in Iran from 2018 to 2019. This was a semi‑structured interview‑based qualitative study using content analysis. Eighteen nurses, nursing teachers, and emergency medical technicians were included in the study. Data analysis was performed using inductive content analysis and coding with MAXQDA (2010) software. The Lincoln and Guba (1985) trustworthiness criteria were used for the reliability and validity of the data.

Telenursing in critical and supportive care was the main theme identified from data analysis. This theme included six main categories: (1) management of trauma, (2) technical skills, (3) care and decision‑making in stressful situations, (4) management of patients with special needs, (5) life‑saving intervention, and (6) psychological and emotional supports.

Telenursing in disasters is the turning point of the care management of victims. In order to achieve this goal, nurses should acquire the relevant knowledge, skills, and abilities.

Natural and man-made disasters have significant effects on the physical, psychological, and emotional health of society. Nurses play an essential role in disaster management. Therefore, nurses should have specific core competencies to provide care for affected people during disaster situations. This study aimed to assess hospital nurses’ disaster competencies in such situations. This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted using a self-report questionnaire that included 50 questions on NCDS (Nurse Competence Disaster Scale) in four domains. The questionnaires were distributed among 142 nurses working in three teaching hospitals in Kerman, Iran, in 2018. The average percentage scores of nurses on their responses to questions in the domains of management, ethical aspects, personal aspects, and technical aspects of disaster competencies were 39.76%, 19.53%, 32.02%, and 75.06%, respectively. In multiple regression analysis, nurses’ participation in maneuvers and their work experience exerted the strongest influence on disaster nursing core competencies. Nurses who had practice during maneuvers had higher competency scores by 19.63 units than those who had no practice (p=0.0001). Moreover, the competency scores of nurses with more than 11 years of work experience were higher by 11.42 units than the others (p=0.0001). According to the results of the current study, strategies such as disaster drills and continuing education programs need to be developed for nurses to improve their disaster core competency.

Awareness of the overall status of incidents and accidents and also the relevant causes can be extremely fruitful in preventing them. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of incidents and accidents in Dayyer, Province of Bushehr, Iran.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 838 incident cases obtained from the registered data from the accidents and incidents registry of Dayyer health care system in 2015. The data were collected using a checklist. Then, the data were analyzed using descriptive (prevalence and percentage) and inferential (chi-square test and t-test) statistics.
Out of 838 registered incident cases, the overall rate of incidents was 15.1 in 1000 individuals; the rates among men and women were 22.6 and 7.3 in 1000, respectively. The highest rate belonged to men (n = 637; 76.0%) and the age range of 20-29 years (n = 201; 24.0%). The highest rate of accidents has been reported in urban regions (n = 661; 78.9%) which occurred at home (n = 340; 40.6%) and in autumn (n = 236; 28.2%). The highest rate of incidents belonged to trauma (25.4%), motorcycle crash (22.6%), and snakebite and scorpion sting (13.4%).
The highest occurrence rates of incidents and accidents were observed among men and the young compared to other groups in Dayyer. Thus, it is necessary that the appropriate programs be prepared for the public, particularly the young, via mass media regarding observing traffic codes and helping self-protection.

To epidemiologically assess the accidents and incidents in the injured pedestrians referred to Shahid Rajaee Hospital, Shiraz in order to provide basic preventive strategies and reduce injuries and fatalities caused by traffic accidents in pedestrians.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 5840 injured pedestrians referred to Shahid Rajaee Hospital, Shiraz from 2009 to 2014. The baseline characteristic including the demographic and clinical information, the mechanism of injury, injury severity score (ISS) and outcome determinants. We also recorded the outcome measures and the mortality. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the factors related to mortality rate and Length of Stay (LOS) in hospital.
In our study, the history of 5840 injured pedestrians was analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 41.32±19.21 years. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that mortality increased with age. Moreover, the odds of mortality was more in patients with Injury Severity Score (ISS) between 16 and 24 [OR: 12.94, 95% CI (3.78-32.66), p=0.001] and injuries in the head and neck [OR: 7.92, 95% CI (4.18-14.99), p=0.020]. LOS in hospital was also higher in patients with ISS > 25 [OR: 16.65, 95%CI (10.68-25.96), p=0.001].
Pedestrians have always been one of the most vulnerable road users. Our study indicated that the adverse consequences and mortalities in pedestrians increased with age. Hence, approaches are required to improve primary prevention programs and reduce deaths and injuries due to this major public health problem.

Iran is exposed to a wide range of natural hazards. The occurrence of unexpected disasters and incidents is mostly destructive and devastating. In such circumstances, the community’s ability to meet healthcare needs and demands experiences great challenge. Hospitals are the primary healthcare providers in the communities, and their preparedness is crucial in saving lives during a disaster. Given the importance of hospital risk management program, in this study, we examined the effect of comprehensive risk management on the preparedness of Rofeide Rehabilitation Hospital.
This is a pretest–posttest quasi-experimental study. The data were assessed by National Standard Tool through nine components. Before the intervention, the hospital preparedness was assessed using the standard tool through interviews and observations and also completed with the cooperation of Hospital Risk Management Committee. The intervention was designed in two parts including holding a two-day workshop on hospital preparedness for senior managers of hospital and nursing managers. In the next step, the risk assessment, preparation of response plan, and establishment of incident command system were conducted. At the end, the hospital preparedness was compared linearly before and after the intervention.
The hospital preparedness increased from poor to a moderate level by 48 points. Six out of 9 hospital preparedness components including command and control, communications, increased capacity, the continuation of vital services, procurement and logistics, and recovery after disasters were found to be improved after the intervention, and only three components including safety and security, triage, and staffing did not significantly improve.
Considering the positive impact of the implementation of the risk management program on the preparedness of Rofeide Rehabilitation Hospital and promotion of its preparedness level from poor to moderate, as well as relatively high vulnerability of hospitals against internal and external risks, national hospitals are recommended to use the comprehensive hospital risk management model to be more prepared for disasters.

Positive mental health is one of the important health concepts, which generally evaluates people’s emotional, psychological, and social well-being. The current study aimed at investigating positive mental health status in East Azerbaijan earthquake survivors.
In this study, a sample of 600 rural adult survivors of East Azerbaijan earthquake were selected by multistage sampling method. Data were collected using positive mental health questionnaire and demographic checklists through face-to-face interview. To analyze data, different statistical tests, including t test were used.
Findings of the current study showed no significant difference between the mean scores of positive mental health and its social subscales in the studied villages. However, the mean scores of emotional well-being subscale in slightly damaged villages and mean scores of psychological well-being subscale in severely damaged villages were higher and significant (P Attention to long-term mental and social outcomes is the missing link of health studies in incidents and disasters, which must be considered to recover and enhance mental and social health of survivors of natural disasters at the earliest time after the incidents.

Iran as a developing country is located in the most accident- and disaster-prone geographical areas, and considered among the 10 most disaster-stricken countries in the world.Therefore, healthcare system should be able to deliver a coordinated response in disasters and effectively propose and execute plans to reduce the adverse effects and response time, and also increase preparadness before disasters. Establishing early warning systems before incidents and disasters in hospitals can properly organize the resources and equipment in order to deliver better and more effective services to more people in need.
The research was conducted at Imam Khomeini Hospital (RH), Sari, Iran, in 2016. The study was done through several meetings with some professors of Health in Disasters and members of Disaster Risk Management Committee at incidents to execute early warning systems according to Disaster Preparedness Country program in hospitals. The hospital preparedness in various components was evaluated by the World Health Organization standard checklist, before the intervention and then 1 month and 3 months after the intervention. The obtained data were analysed by Friedman statistical test.
The results showed 52 points increase in the preparedness of the hospital after the intervention, which indicated a significant increase in the hospital preparedness in disasters and incidents from poor level to moderate level.
Sari Imam Khomeini Hospital (RH), was at poor level with regard to preparedness in disasters. However, the significant increase in preparedness after executing early warning system indicates the necessity of developing and implementing this system in other hospitals to increase their level of preparedness.

Adolescents are being threatened by several accidents because of entering the new world of adulthood, separation from families, a greater presence in community individually, the lack of knowledge of rules and risk‑taking spirit of adolescents, and events. The contribution of these damages and their related costs are higher in developing and low‑income countries. The current study was conducted for proper planning focused on reducing accidents that have the highest incidence, evaluating school events, determining the place and time that most accidents happened to students and determining the body part injured. A cross‑sectional study using a multistage cluster sampling was conducted on 6933 students 11–14 years old (middle school) in 2009–2010 in Isfahan Province. The data were collected through observation and a researcher‑made questionnaire and then entered into the EPi6 software, and analyzed by the SPSS 11.5 software and the statistical test of Chi‑square. The findings showed that 49.9% of students were girls (n = 3462) and 50.1% (n = 3471) were boys, 84.5% of students (n = 5860) were living in urban areas and 15.5% of students (n = 1073) were living in rural areas. Frequency distribution of incidents was 53.9% (3739 cases) at school and 10.6% (732 cases) on the commuting route. The most injured body part was hand with 1018 cases (18.5%) and foot with 1267 cases (23.1%), and mostly they were injured in boys. The findings showed that a high percentage of students were injured at school, where the first step to prevent the incidence of such preventable incidents at school is to secure workshop environments and school yards.