جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Ki- 67 » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

One of the most important mechanisms of tissue regeneration is the high functional activity of cells, including proliferation. Currently, there are practically no effective skin cell activators on the pharmaceutical market. The purpose of this work was to demonstrate the stimulating effect of spiroconjugated 1,2,3-triazolo[5,1-b]1,3,4-thiadiazine (STT) on the functional activity of fibroblasts.

Experimental approach: 

STT containing ointment for dermal application was made. To assess in vivo effect of the STT a linear wound model in rats was tested. A combination of histological techniques and mechanical testing was employed to estimate the stimulating effect of STT on the functional activity of fibroblasts.

The STT significantly increased the number of fibroblasts as well as the density and order of produced collagen fibers in the dermis during the wound healing process. As a result, a tissue was formed at the site of damage with the structure corresponding to normal skin. In addition, skin functions were restored, in particular mechanically.

Conclusion and implications: 

The results suggested the stimulating effect of the STT on fibroblast activity and demonstrated its potential for skin regeneration.

The use of shark cartilage as a supplementary treatment has a long yet unresolved history in the realm of complementary-alternative medicine. This study aimed to investigate the impact of concentrated and purified extracts from Persian Gulf shark cartilage (PGSC) on oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (specifically, the KB cell line) induced in an animal model.

Ectopic tumors of oral cavity SCC were induced in eight nude mice through the heterotransplantation of the KB cell line. Once the tumor volume reached 100 mm3, the mice were randomly divided into two groups: treatment and control. The treatment group received shark cartilage at a dosage of 50 mg/kg body weight, while the control group received a phosphate buffer. The drug was administered daily for four days via the intraperitoneal route. Following this, the drug administration was halted for a period of five days before resuming (as per the NCI protocol). After 54 days, the animals were sacrificed, and their tumors were sent for immunohistochemical evaluation using Ki-67 and CD34 markers.

The findings revealed a significant reduction in intratumoral blood vessels in the treatment group compared to the control group (P-value = 0.001). While there was a decrease in both the size of the tumor and the proliferation of tumor cells, this reduction was not statistically significant. The average proliferation index was 13.33% for the treatment group and 33.33% for the control group.

 Significant decrease in intra-tumoral vascularity can control tumor spreading and metastasis, potentially playing an important role in cancer management of oral cavity SCC.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is less effective for luminal human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative breast cancer (BC) patients and generally shows a low pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC compared to HER2 positive and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). This studyaimed to determine the factors associated with histopathologic response following NAC in luminal (HER2 negative) BC.

This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 255 estrogen (ER) positive and HER2 negative BC patients after NAC between January 2018 and July 2023. Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were collected for the statistical analysis.Chi-Square tests were used in the qualitative comparisons between study groups. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used for the diagnostic performance of Ki-67 expression and ER in determining the pCR rates. Using the Youden index, optimum cut points were determined. Also, multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the independent variables associated with the dependent variable (pCR).

After NAC, pCR was achieved in the breast in 35 (14%) patients, in the axilla in 44 (17%) patients, and in both the breast and axilla in 18 (7%) patients. Ki-67 expression was the only common variable associated with the breast, axilla and both the breast and axilla pCR. The most appropriate Ki-67 expression cut-off value for determining the breast and axilla complete response was found to be 40%. ER positivity level was only associated with pCR in the breast and the cut-off value was found to be 85%.

The results of this study raise the possibility of patients with luminal (HER2 negative) BC with Ki-67 expression higher than 40% benefiting from chemotherapy, as they showed increased pCR rates.

HER2/neu is associated with increased tumor grade, and Ki-67 is related to tumor recurrence and stage progression. This study aims to evaluate the clinical profile in patients with urothelial neoplasms and correlate the expression of HER2/neu and Ki-67 in urothelial carcinomas.

This is a five-year retrospective study from June 2017 to May 2022 with forty cases from the Department of Pathology. A microscopic examination was done to assess the tumor stage and histological grade. Immunohistochemistry was performed with HER2/neu and Ki-67.

65% (26/40) of the cases were diagnosed as infiltrating urothelial carcinoma, 30% (12) of the cases as low-grade non-invasive urothelial carcinoma, one case as a papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUNLMP), and one case as urothelial papilloma. 95.5% of infiltrating carcinomas and 84.5% of low-grade non-invasive carcinomas were Ki-67-positive. A significant correlation was observed between the expression of Her-2/neu and Ki-67 and the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) grading system of urothelial carcinoma. Moderate-to-strong HER2/neu overexpression (2+ or 3+) was observed in only 18% of cases.

The expression of ki-67 increased with an increase in the grade of tumor, which shows its prognostic importance. The relation between Ki-67 expression and the histologic grade of the tumor and the presence of lymphovascular invasion was significant. A significant correlation was observed between the grade of the carcinoma and the immunohistochemical expression of HER2/neu, in which 19.3% of high-grade carcinoma cases showed immunohistochemical expression of the HER2/neu marker. Further studies with a larger population group are required to establish the role of HER2/neu as a prognostic marker.

 Ki-67 is one of the new biological markers with clinical value in the pathology and prognosis of oral melanoma. It is a nuclear protein involved in regulating cell proliferation. Some studies have suggested an association between Ki-67 and poor survival in patients with oral melanoma. This systematic review was undertaken to clarify this issue.

Databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched using relevant English keywords from 1988 to April 2022. STATA software version 16 and random models were used for meta-analysis.

Eleven articles were included in this systematic review, six of which were selected for meta-analysis. The mean expression of the Ki-67 index in patients with oral melanoma was estimated at 43.81% (28.66‒58.95 with 95% CI, I2=94.2, P<0.001). In addition, the results showed a significant relationship between Ki-67 expression and the prognosis of oral melanoma lesions. Increased expression of this marker weakens the prognosis and decreases the survival rate.

High expression of Ki-67 may serve as a predictive biomarker for poor prognosis in patients with malignant oral melanoma. Therefore, classifying this malignancy by Ki-67 expression may be considered for therapy regimen selection and integrated management.

 Most brain gliomas are high-grade and likely to spread locally. Consequently, these patients commonly have a poor prognosis. Accurate identification of the malignancy grade of brain glioma before treatment is of great clinical significance.

 This study aimed to explore the correlation of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters, fractional anisotropy (FA), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with the pathological grade of brain glioma and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Ki-67.

 A total of 116 patients were selected for this study from January 2018 to December 2019. All the participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and DTI before surgery, and the FA and ADC values were measured for the regions of interest. Surgically resected tumor specimens were collected for immunohistochemical assay. Finally, the FA and ADC values and positive expression rates of VEGF and Ki-67 were compared.

 A significantly higher FA, besides the positive expression of VEGF and Ki-67, was reported in the high-grade group, whereas a lower ADC was found in this group compared to the low-grade group (P < 0.05). Areas of normal white matter and peritumoral edema had higher FA values, whereas lower ADCs were measured in these areas compared to the cerebrospinal fluid (P < 0.05). The FA of tumor parenchymal area was positively correlated with the World Health Organization (WHO) WHO class of tumors (r = 0.588, P = 0.028), and the expression of VEGF and Ki-67 was positively correlated with the WHO grade (r = 0.843, P = 0.002 and r = 0.743, P = 0.006, respectively). The FA of tumor parenchymal area was positively correlated with the expression of VEGF and Ki-67 (r = 0.654, P = 0.008 and r = 0.567, P = 0.012, respectively). However, the ADC of tumor parenchymal area was not significantly correlated with the WHO grade, VEGF expression, or Ki-67 expression (r = 0.143, P = 0.156, r = 0.232, P = 0.116, and r = 0.054, P = 0.179, respectively).

 The FA value, as a DTI parameter, is valuable for assessing the malignancy grade of tumor cells and can provide a proper reference for formulating treatment regimens for brain gliomas.

Emerging evidence suggests that KRAS could play an important role in squamous cell carcinoma; however, its role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is largely unknown. The aim of the current study was to investigate the expression of KRAS, Ki-67, Cyclin D1, and Bcl2 in OSCC and their association with clinicopathological features.

Forty paraffin blocks of retrospective histologically diagnosed cases of OSCC and 20 blocks of oral leukoplakia with epithelial dysplasia were obtained from two hospitals between 2018 and 2021. The paraffin-embedded tissue was analyzed for the expression of kras for oral epithelial dysplasia and OSCC, and ki-67, Cyclin D1, and bcl2 were analyzed only for OSCC. The results were correlated with each other and with different clinicopathological features and were statistically analyzed.

KRAS expression was significantly associated with histological tumor grade, tumor extent, presence of nodal and distant metastasis, pathological stage, and the presence of lymphovascular invasion (P=<0.001, 0.001, 0.001, 0.009, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively). The kras expression was positively correlated with the histological grade, tumor extent, nodal status, and the pathological stage (r=0.712, 0.649, 0.646, and 0.865, respectively). A positive correlation was also found with the expression of Bcl2, Cyclin D1, and Ki-67 (r=0.81, 0.723, and 0.698, respectively). The kras expression in oral epithelial dysplasia was significantly lower than that in OSCC (P=0.003).

KRAS may be a potential prognostic marker for OSCC and may play a role in its progression.

In India, ovarian tumors are the fifth leading cause of death in women. They account for 6% of all cancers in women. The present study aimed to provide support for a new theory of ovarian carcinogenesis by investigating the frequency of ovarian tumors and determining whether the Ki-67 labeling index and p53 overexpression help in differentiating borderline and malignant surface epithelial tumors.

The study included all ovarian tumor specimens sent for histopathological examination to the Department of Pathology of Narayana Medical College between June 2017 and October 2019.  

The frequency of benign epithelial and malignant tumors was 85.47% and 11.97%, respectively. Surface epithelial tumors (81.96%) and germ cell tumors (8.54%) were the most common ovarian tumors. In immunohistochemistry, p53 overexpression in surface epithelial neoplasms showed moderate positivity in all 2 cases of serous carcinomas, while 2 out of 6 mucinous carcinomas cases showed weak positivity. All six cases of mucinous carcinomas showed a Ki-67 labeling index of 26-50%. Serous carcinomas showed a high index of 51%, while mucinous carcinomas had a mean index of 37%. Overexpression of Ki-67 was significantly more common in malignant surface epithelial neoplasms (41.83%) when compared with borderline epithelial neoplasms (27%) (p<0.001).

  In comparison to borderline serous and mucinous tumors, Ki-67 overexpression is significantly higher common in malignant surface epithelial tumors. Moreover, p53 overexpression is significantly more common in serous carcinoma when compared with borderline serous tumors but not mucinous tumors. Overall, these markers could be beneficial for diagnosing difficult cases and predicting prognosis.

Breast cancer is the leading cancer among Indian women and accounts for about 25% of all cancer cases worldwide. The present study aimed to assess Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in tumoral cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and evaluate their correlations with the Ki-67 labelling index in invasive breast carcinomas (IBC).

This descriptive observational study was conducted during 2016-2018 and included all diagnosed cases of IBC. The relationships between PD-L1 expression, TILs, hormone receptors, Ki-67, and clinicopathological parameters were studied in IBC. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 23.

Out of 114 evaluated cases, 33.33% (N=38) showed PD-L1+ expression in tumor cells and 47.37% (N=54) had PD-L1+ expression in TILs. A high Ki-67 index was observed in 96 cases. Moreover, 49 patients were estrogen receptor (ER)- and 65 were ER+. We observed that 22 of 49 ER- and 49 of 65 ER+ subjects showed PD-L1+ expression, respectively.

Our results showed a significant relationship between PD-L1 expression in tumoral cells and TILs, as well as between Ki-67 and TILs. In addition, an inverse correlation was noted between PD-L1 expression and ER. The PD-L1 expression in tumors and TILs and correlation with high Ki-67 may prove the importance of PD-L1 in targeted chemotherapy. An inverse relationship between PD-L1 and ER expression in tumoral cells suggests scope for immunotherapy in ER- IBC. However, further research with more cases is required.

There are believed to be several risk factors affecting the prognosis of breast cancer through their effect on the growth rate of tumour. In the present study, we investigated estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), Ki-67, and tumor protein P53 (TP53) as well-known biomarkers, particularly in breast cancer prognosis, associated with age.

In a case-control study, 406 breast cancer patients were considered retrospectively. In order to extract the clinical and pathologic data, we employed the patients’ records. The extracted information was compared between two groups: for patients under 40 (group I) and above 40 years of age (group II). Herein, the researchers performed statistical analysis using SPSS Ver16.

The most prevalent type of cancer in both groups was found to be invasive ductal carcinoma. The major method of treatment was modified radical mastectomy. According to our observations, grade 3 breast cancer was more common in group I. Lymph node involvement significantly increased in group I, while oestrogen and progesterone receptor expressions were less in this group. HER2, TP53, and Ki-67 oncogenes were overexpressed in group I compared with group II.

Expression of HER2, TP53, and Ki-67 biomarkers and a reduction in the number of hormonal receptors in younger patients (<40YO) indicated that breast cancer might be more invasive in younger women with breast cancer and therefore, they might have poorer prognosis and less favourable outcomes.

The biologic behavior and histopathological features of fibromatosis are intermediate between those of fibroma and fibrosarcoma.

The aim of the present study was to determine useful histopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics for the differentiation of these lesions.

In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 40 specimens comprising 20 fibrosarcoma and 20 fibromatosis biopsies were selected. The histopathologic characteristics of these lesions were identified and immunohistochemical staining for Ki67 and β-catenin markers was performed. Sections were examined by light microscopy and positively stained cells were counted. Results were analyzed by SPSS 20 using Chi-square test, Mann-whitney test, and t-test (p< 0.05).

Statistical significant differences were observed between fibromatosis and fibrosarcoma in terms of distribution frequency, mitotic rate, herringbone pattern, cellularity, overlapping of nuclei, mean Ki67 score, and atypia rate. The other features including age, gender, necrosis, clarity of nucleoli and mean β-catenin were not significantly different.

The present findings suggest the mitotic figures, Ki67, herringbone pattern, cellularity, and atypia are useful to differentiate fibromatosis from fibrosarcoma.

Acromegaly is a rare disorder resulting from benign growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenomas in 90% of the cases. In recent years, many researchers have studied the Ki-67 index level of pituitary tumors and its relationship with demographics, biochemical parameters, clinical behavior, and recurrence rate. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of Ki-67 index level with clinicoradiological and endocrinological parameters in confirmed GH-secreting pituitary adenomas, as well as with the surgical response and medical treatment after surgery. We collected the medical and pathologic records of 49 patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma who underwent surgeries from 2008 to 2017 in Shariati hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. According to MRI reports, 94% of the tumors were macroadenomas. The MRI findings also revealed the median maximal adenoma diameter of 18.5 mm. About 40% of the patients achieved remission three months after the surgery. Younger patients had a significantly higher Ki-67 index level (P = 0.036). We did not observe any significant difference in the Ki-67 index level regarding gender, tumor type, maximal tumor diameter, tumor invasiveness, tumor secretory type, and remission. Interestingly, the Ki-67 index level was negatively correlated with the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) level at the last follow-up (P = 0.02). In logistic regression analysis, patients with higher preoperative GH serum levels had a better outcome. Our results indicated a negative correlation between age and Ki-67 index level. However, there was no association between the Ki-67 index level and some tumor behaviors, as well as short- and long-term remission.

The currentstudy aimed at investigating the histomorphological spectrum of cervical intraepithelial and invasive lesions assessing the diagnostic significance of P16/INK4a and Ki-67 in such lesions, andcorrelatingP16/INK4a and Ki-67 immunoexpression with histologic type and grade. A total of 60 cases were selectedcomprising 10 cases withchronic cervicitis, 29 cases withcervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN), and 21 cases withsquamous cell carcinoma. These cases were evaluated morphologically and immunohistochemically with P16 and Ki-67. There was no expression of P16 and Ki-67 in 10 (100%) cases withchronic cervicitis while in CIN, it was expressed in 25 (86.20%) cases and in carcinoma it was expressed in 20 (95.23%) cases. Ki-67 was expressed in 28 (96.55%) cases withCIN and in 100% of cases withcarcinoma. Cervical carcinoma is a significant contributor to cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Identification of bio-markers in cervical neoplasia is necessary to distinguish CIN from other non-neoplastic cervical lesions to prevent under treatmentor overtreatment as the histomorphological features alone are not sufficient.Significant upregulation of P16, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, and Ki-67, a nuclear non-histone protein, was observed in carcinoma cervix and with the increasing severity of CINs. Correlation between grades of P16 and Ki-67 among cervical pre-neoplasia and neoplasia showed an increasing P16 expression with consistently increasing Ki-67 labelling index in the groups with theincreasing severity.

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is a rare tumour of children and young adults, particularly for those with features of anaplasia. This retrospective study comprises five cases of anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas diagnosed over a period of 4 years in a tertiary care institute. A detailed clinicopathological and immunohistochemical profile of the tumours were noted from the hospital database. Five cases of anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas were evaluated for their clinicoradiological, histomorphological as well as immunohistochemical findings, which included 3 females and 2 males, with age range of 11-40 years and a mean age at presentation of 22 years. Histologically a solid cystic biphasic tumour with moderate to high cellularity, spindled pleomorphic astrocytes, hyperchromatic nuclei showing moderate to marked atypia, intranuclear inclusions, ≥5 mitoses per 10 high power fields, with evidence of necrosis and atypical mitoses was noted. One of the cases showed transformation into glioblastoma with evidence of spinal metastasis on follow-up. The tumours expressed both glial as well as neuronal markers with expression of CD34 with increased Ki 67 ranging between 5-20%. It was concluded that PXA, a low-grade glioneuronal tumour, can show odd site presentation, marked pleomorphism, increased mitosis, atypical mitoses and increased Ki 67 when associated with features of anaplasia. An appropriate panel of immunohistochemical markers in conjunction with a detailed evaluation of histomorphological features and clinicoradiological information are useful for its diagnosis.

Breast cancer is the first leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Ki-67 is being used for evaluation of the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. The aim of the current study was to explore the association of the involvement of axillary lymph nodes status with the expression of Ki-67 in patients with breast cancer. A total of 449 patients were enrolled followed by evaluation of the association of Ki67 levels with demographic, pathologic, and survival data of patients, using Chi-square, logistic regression models, student t test and Mann-Whitney. We observed a significant relationship between the expression level of Ki-67 and stage of tumor (P = 0.012), positive progesterone receptor (P = 0.003), and subtype pathologic features (P < 0.05). Also, a significant difference was detected between Her2 and expression level of Ki-67 (P = 0.015). Survival analysis showed the association for Ki-67 (P = 0.02), age (P = 0.005), stage of tumor (P < 0.05), lymph node involvement (P = 0.001), and the Her2 (P = 0.024) with clinical outcome (e.g., overall survival or disease free survival) of patients with breast cancer. The results of this study demonstrated that the overexpression of Ki-67 was associated with large tumors, progesterone receptor expression, and stage of tumor, but it was not related with lymph node involvement.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women. The Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for non-operable tumors. The Ki67 is a proliferation marker that can be used to predict the therapeutic response to chemotherapy and the patient's prognosis.
This retrospective study was carried out on 55 consecutive patients with breast cancer referred to a Training Tertiary Healthcare Center in Kerman, Iran since 2009 to 2014. After diagnostic approval, the tissue samples of patients were examined for estrogen and progesterone receptors, ki67 and HER2-neu markers by using immunohistochemical staining. Then the patients were treated with 6 cycles of Neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens by Doxorubicin and Taxans or 4 chemotherapy cycles, containing Anthracycline and Cyclophosphamide and 4 cycles of Paclitaxel. After mastectomy, their samples were reexamined for ki67 again and classified into three groups (low: ki67 30%).
Before chemotherapy, 54.5% of the patients had high expression of Ki67. But after chemotherapy, 52.7 of the patients had complete therapeutic response showing that the Ki67 level was reduced significantly (P=0.003).
Before and after Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, Ki67 measurements may be used as a predictive marker of therapeutic response.

Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (CCRCC) is the most common adult renal neoplasm. Staging and grading of RCC are important predictors of survival. Fuhrman nuclear grading is widely used for CCRCC, the subjective nature of which has prompted more objective methods to evaluate nuclear features. Furthermore, Ki-67, a reliable marker of cellular proliferation may provide another variable for assessment of the biological behavior of RCC. The aim of this research was to study nuclear morphometry and Fuhrman nuclear grading of clear cell RCC, and to assess their relationship with the Ki-67 index.
Hematoxylin and eosin slides of forty cases of CCRCC were retrieved and studied for pathologic variables, including Fuhrman nuclear grade, pathological tumor and node stage. Nuclear morphometric analysis was performed using computer-assisted image analysis. The relationship between Fuhrman nuclear grading, pathologic stage, tumor size, nuclear morphometry and proliferative index were analyzed.
According to Fuhrman grading, four (10%) cases were grade I, 23 (57.5%) were grade II, 12 (30%) were grade III, and one (2.5%) was grade IV. Moderate to high correlation was seen between Fuhrman nuclear grade and mean nuclear area, perimeter, diameter, length, nuclear roundness factor and Ki -67, with a P value of The CCRCC is an extremely heterogenous disease and clinical outcome is unpredictable despite several validated prognostic factors. The widely used Fuhrman nuclear grading is subjective, while nuclear morphometry, using computer assisted image analysis, can ensure more objective assessment. The Ki-67 index could provide reliable information and compliment the other prognostic parameters.

Tumor development is angiogenesis dependent. There is evidence that leptin contributes to tumor growth. However, all the mechanisms by which leptin does this has not been clearly established. The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that leptin enhances melanoma tumor growth through inducing angiogenesis and cell proliferation.

We injected 2 × 106 B16F10 melanoma cells subcutaneously to 32 C57BL6 mice. The mice were randomly divided into four groups of eight animals, on day 8. Two groups received twice daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of either phosphate buffered saline or recombinant murine leptin (1 μg/g initial body weight). Two groups received i.p. injections of either 9F8 an anti leptin receptor antibody or the control mouse IgG at 50 μg/injection every 3 consecutive days. By the end of the 2nd week, the animals were euthanized and blood samples and tumors were analyzed. Angiogenesis and proliferation were assessed by immunohistochemical staining for CD31 and Ki-67 respectively.

Tumors size, capillary density, plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, and the number of Ki-67-positive stained cells were significantly more in the leptin than 9F8 and both control groups (P < 0.05).

Taken together, our findings reinforce the idea that leptin acts as an angiogenic and mitogenic factor to promote melanoma growth