جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Obstacles » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Considering that one of the important issues about the Holy Prophet (PBUH) is his attention to the influencers of the society and the factors and obstacles that have been important in the influence of these people from him.This article is written on the topic of analyzing the factors and obstacles of the individual influence of society in the era of the revelation of the Qur'an from the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) in the Holy Quran. The purpose of this article is to analyze the society of the era of the revelation of the Quran and to extract the factors and obstacles of the individual influence of the people of that society from the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) in the Holy Quran.

The research method of this article is descriptive and analytical, and information was collected using the library method and a phishing tool, and the verses related to effectiveness or lack of effectiveness and its causes and obstacles are given

And in the end, the conclusion has been reached that there are factors and obstacles in the influence of people, which causes the majority vote to have a great impact on a person's opinion, and this principle is the basis of the formation of social norms of any society and a lot of volume of our thoughts, feelings, and behavior are formed as a result of indoctrination and group influence.

One of the most important factors of desire and attraction towards sincerity is to know its features and characteristics and also to remove the obstacles that can hinder the path to achieve this great moral virtue. And what greater and greater virtue can be enumerated than sincerity, which the Commander of the Faithful (pbuh) mentions as the perfection of monotheism. And unfortunately today we ignore this valuable virtue in its deep and valuable sense. Sincerity at its high level, which Allameh Mohammad Taghi Jafari mentions as value sincerity, and the cause of very valuable consequences that flourish and actualize the highest moral talents of human beings, and will be the source of works and blessings in human beings that lead them to Reasonable life guides and its effects can be crystallized in the direction of human exaltation in all moral aspects of human life. Investigating the positive and constructive consequences and effects that grow human beings in the path of building and elevating human personality and fertilizing the essence of human superiority. Value will be created in human beings and also the factors that from the point of view of Allameh Jafari can be considered to prevent the achievement of sincerity. It is in the mind of Allameh Mohammad Taghi Jafari.

The present study was conducted to investigate the obstacles to the realization of faith in practice from the perspective of the Holy Quran.

The present research method was library.

Faith as a belief that directs human life and how it plays an important role in his life and is typically the axis of appreciation for human thoughts and actions, is one of the important topics that has been the subject of a wide range of research. However, faith that does not lead to action does not work well, and in fact, faith in belief alone is not complete, but must be expressed in current language and in practice.

Considering this important point, this study, after analyzing the concept of faith, considering the importance of practical faith and the fact that faith and action are two inseparable things in human development, examines the obstacles to the realization of practical faith from the perspective of the Qur'an. Karim has dealt with issues such as: love of the world, not believing in the Hereafter, attention to other gods, following the air of the soul, disbelief in the heart, neglect of obstacles to belief and cases such as: traditionalism and retrospect, breaking promises, playfulness, lack of honesty And transparency, laziness, laziness and sluggishness in work, self-aggrandizement, long and distant aspirations, insistence on committing sin are among the behavioral obstacles of practical faith

The aim of this study was to investigate the bottlenecks and obstacles to the internationalization of the curriculum in Lorestan University of Medical Sciences. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and exploratory mix (phenomenology-correlation) in terms of the nature of the collected data. The community of research participants consisted of professors of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences. In the qualitative section, using the theoretical purposive sampling method, 32 people and in the quantitative section, based on the Cochran's formula and using the cluster sampling method, 235 professors were selected. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part and a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part. The method of data analysis in the qualitative part was the content analysis technique and in the quantitative part was the confirmatory factor analysis technique in the Pls software platform. The results of the qualitative section led to the identification of five main themes including infrastructure, constraints, educational process, executive and services. In a small part, the validity and reliability of the mentioned themes were confirmed. Therefore, paying attention to the bottlenecks and obstacles for the quality development of the University of Medical Sciences with the aim of moving towards globalization is very useful and effective, so that it can be said that a university can act on a global scale with these factors.

The best way to recycle municipal wastes is to separate them at home by the users. To this end, participation and cooperation of all citizens is required and the necessary infrastructure should be provided in the field of waste segregation. This study was conducted to determine the status of citizenschr('39') participation in separating urban wastes from the source and to investigate its obstacles.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 476 households in the city of Babol. The participants were randomly selected as clusters. The information was collected through a researcher-made questionnaire containing 21 specific and general questions. For data analysis, t-test, analysis of variance, and logistic regression were used with 0.95 confidence level.

Of the total households involved in the waste segregation scheme, 27.5% were frequently and 15.3% were sometimes involved in separating the wastes.  In this regard, 91.8% of households were aware and 8.2% were unaware of waste separation .A significant proportion of urban households reported that lack of patience (61.3%) and sufficient space to separate household waste (59.5%) prevented segregation. From the point of view of municipal-related factors, non-delivery of dry waste on holidays (94.7%), low number of barracks (95.8%), and lack of continuous training (95%) were reported as obstacles in separating wasts.

Major urban households reported poor municipal performance, facilities, and planning, as well as lack of patience and adequate space as barriers to segregation. To meet this, planning for urban waste management is essential. In order to avoid wasting a countrychr('39')s natural resources and reduce the productive waste of citizens, it is necessary to motivate people and provide citizens with the necessary public education to separate wastes.

Exercise and physical activity play a vital role in the general health of society, especially veterans and the disabled. Throughout human history, coping with a disability has taken numerous forms and has been more humane and discriminatory. The presence of individuals with disabilities in sports activities plays a significant role in their lives. In Iran, numerous veterans and disabled are reluctant to participate in sports activities. The issue of veterans and the disabled not attempting to participate in sports is not a very new title; however, it has not been comprehensively reviewed. This study aimed to investigate the reasons for the lack of participation of the disabled and veterans in sports activities.

The present qualitative study was conducted using data–based theory by Strauss and Corbin (year to be written). Accordingly, the interviewees' views on the barriers to the presence of veterans and disabled groups in sports activities were identified. The study participants were 30 disabled and veteran subjects with a mean±SD age of 51.4±2.19 years who were purposively selected for in–depth and exploratory 45–60–minute interviews. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation was reached (25 interviews). According to the qualitative research literature, the interviews were analyzed and coded concurrently. The units of analysis were reviewed several times and classified according to conceptual similarity and meaning. The declining trend in data reduction took place in all units of study and sub–main and main classes; the number of conceptual units became less.Furthermore, the sub–main and sub–classes became more abstract and conceptual. Thus, the data were divided into main factors, including general, conceptual, and abstract. Various methods were applied to evaluate the accuracy and robustness of the research, as follows: Reviewing observers, including manuscripts, analysis unit, and extracted themes using supplementary comments from experts and participants. Corrections were made, and suggestions were made. Notably, sharing opinions about similar codes and classes is crucial for data accuracy in content analysis. The continuous engagement was observed in simultaneous data analysis and feedback to research and allocating sufficient time.

The study participants included 7 women and 23 men (9 experts, 12 managers, 4 veterans & disabled, & 5 professors). The reluctance of veterans and disabled subjects to participate in sports activities with 6 main factors and 21 sub–factors in 6 dimensions of paradigm model, including causal factors (individual, social, economic, managerial, & psychological), pivotal phenomenon (veteran and disabled and sports activities, underlying factors (veterans & disabled, lacking education & research), interventional factors (defects to using a dysfunctional manager, legal gaps & structural barriers), facilitating factors (developing human resources & potential capacities of veterans & disabled), strategies, economic, individual strategies management, and psychology and outcomes (veterans & disabled, social growth & organizational success) and pivotal phenomenon (absence of veterans & the disabled in sports activities) were identified.

According to the obtained findings, the identification of managerial, social, economic, psychological, and personal factors and barriers can be used as a guiding and facilitating shortcut for the active participation and presence of veterans and the disabled in sports activities.

It is essential to pay attention to the management of the service referral system and identification of the areas that can improve satisfaction and quality of services. The aim of this study was to identify barriers to the implementation of a referral system in hospitals in order to improve the quality of services and patient satisfaction. This was an applied study in terms of purpose and descriptive - analytic in terms of methodology. We only chose Shafa hospital in Kerman to reach a comprehensive understanding of the issue. Purposeful sampling was done and the data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires that were completed during interviews. The data collection was carried out during three months (August, September, and October 2015). During the study period, 115 referral services for imaging were identified and investigated in the hospital. The answers to open-ended questions were classified after coding and content analysis. In the study, four main themes and 13 sub-themes were identified. None of the patients claimed to pay for hospital’s ambulances and imaging services, and they were not asked to go outside the hospital to receive any health service. The issues of the crowd, delay in service delivery, and the shortage of ambulances in the domain of satisfaction and lack of effective communication in the domain of quality were the main findings of the research. The most important obstacles to implementing the service referral system in the hospital were related to uncertainty, the lack of coordination between different activities, and the human factors. Paying attention to factors such as human and non-human resources, organizational structure, information and communication technology, and development of appropriate indicators for evaluating performance is essential for the success of service chains and quality improvement.

Backgrounds and Today, providing a safe and secure environment for the passage of pedestrian is a special consideration in urban transport planning. Walking is the most simple and natural form of commuting and is recommended for health and reducing air pollution and traffic. However, there are many challenges in this area. The aim of this study was to investigate obstacles and problems of pedestrians in providing strategies for the promotion walking in different parts of the Tehran.
This study was carried out through a qualitative method using semi-structured interviews with 30 residents in different regions of Tehran. The interviews were analyzed by content analysis method after implementation. The sampling method was purposive and individuals were selected from pedestrians and drivers in different age groups. To validate data, credibility, transferability, conformability and dependability parameters were considered.Data were analyzed using the MAXQDA-10 software.
In this study, the average age of participants was 38 years. Half of the participants were female. Seven main themes were extracted. The main themes extracted in this study were space-related issues, safety issues, security issues, cultural issues, management weaknesses and pedestrian's rights supportive laws, physiological and behavioural issues, and weather factors.
The accurate segregation of pedestrian pathway from the vehicles, making it more safe with appropriate pavements, removal of obstacles in the sidewalks, creating urban furniture, increasing the urban attractions, environmental improvements and creating a clean and desirable space, creating standard bridges passageways and underpasses for pedestrians can have a positive impact on safe commuting on foot.

Many educators believe that active participation of clinical nurses in education is one of the facilitating factors in educational goals. This study aimed to determine obstacles and facilitators of clinical nurse’s cooperation in clinical education of nursing students in Tehran hospitals in 2014.
In this descriptive-analytical study, 384 samples were selected from wards where nursing students were educating clinically by multilevel random sampling. Data were collected using a demographic characteristic's questionnaire. Then, the data were analyzed by the SPSS software (version 16).
The results showed that individual obstacles including crowded ward and nurses’ fatigue (57.1%), structural obstacles including weak educational planning (26.5%) and administrative obstacles including complains of the patients and their families (16.4%) were ranked as the most important obstacles. Also, nurse's sufficient knowledge and skills (21%), providing a supporting environment and educational planning (57.8%), determining the duties of the students, and identifying the person responsible for performance of the students (21.2%) were mentioned as the most important facilitators of clinical nurses’ cooperation.
Since one of the difficulties and obstacles relates to individual obstacles, it seems that reducing or overcoming this challenge can lead to eliminate nurse’s cooperation barriers. This requires collaboration among educators, clinical nurses, educational supervisors, head nurses, nurse managers and other managerial levels responsible for educational planning and other top managerial levels.

Authority means referring a person to an individual or organization due to the capabilities of that person or organization. For example, an increase in the number of citations represents the authority of the author or a country or even a university or research institute and a special journal on that particular topic. From this point of view, production of knowledge is a necessary item but not sufficient for the scientific authority. Medical students can play an important role in the scientific authority.
A summer school was administered by Fasa University of Medical Science with the subjects of innovation in medical education and transformation plan, for elite medical students from all universities in Iran.
The results of student and teachers’ discussions in the scientific authority workshop affirmed thatforesight and conceptualization along with preliminary studies, feasibility in expression of view points and survey of present approaches, and breaking out of scientific borders by student researches are three major steps in the realization of scientific authority.
There are several steps which should be considered in the realization of scientific authority.

Background and performance evaluation of faculty members always is involved with various issues hence, this study is designed and performed to describe and recognize the experiences of faculty members about promotion process. this study is Sectional – descriptive and data was collected by using researcher – made questionnaire, it's validated obtained by using specialist advice and to make sure of its reliability the Cronbach alpha coefficient was measured (% 76). Contributors were faculty members of Mashhad medical Science University whom were entered the study by number of 122 persons randomly. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. % 66.2 of clinical sciences and the base science faculty members about “cultural clause“sub criteria and %54.1 about “audit board performance“, also clinical sciences group members of faculty about “promotion process generalities“sub criteria and absorption executive board performance have selected “I DISAGREE“option %55.1 and %63.5. Respectively and the only meaningful statistical difference was observed between two clinical education group and the sciences for the variable “cultural clause“(P< 0.02). Faculty members about the sub criteria “education clause “, “research clause “, “executive clause“, “initial assessment “, “selected committee performance “and “expert committee performance “selected respectively %63.1, %59, %59, %74.6, %66.4, %63.1 “I AGREE “option and only there was meaningful statistic difference between two clinical and science education groups regarding the variable of "Selected Committee Performance" (P <0.05). In the questionnaire open questions part faculty members expressed automatically promotion process as the best choice to resolve questions in this context. in the current study, generalities of upgrade process, cultural clause, absorption executive board performance and audit board performance have gained less average, therefore transparent and just promotion methods, codification of appropriate quantitative and qualitative indicators to measure activities, processes homogenization and utilization of experts in university upgrading committees seems to be necessary.

Recent advances in information and communication technology and wireless technologies, have transformed e-learning into mobile learning. The purpose of this study was to investigate human, pedagogical, management and leadership, technological, economic and attitudinal factors as obstacles to implementation of mobile learning in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.
This study was an applied descriptive-survey. The study population included all faculty members (n=300) of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in 2015, of whom 130 were selected through random sampling and Morgan table. Data collection tool was a researcher-made obstacles to implementation of mobile learning in medical education questionnaire whose face validity was confirmed by ICT experts and its reliability was verified by Cronbach’s alpha which was 0.83. The collected data were analyzed using one sample t-test.
Findings showed that all of the six factors namely human (19.13±0.31) out of 25 points, pedagogical (15.86±0.20) and leadership and management (15.85±0.43) out of 20 points, technological (18.84±0.67) out of 25 points, economic (12.77±0.28) and attitudinal (12.51±0.46) out of 15 points were considered the obstacles to implementation of mobile learning in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (p=0.001).
Results indicated that in order to establish mobile learning in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, the obstacles including human, pedagogical, management and leadership, technological, economic and attitudinal factors should be removed.