جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Oleic acid » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Obesity is a public health problem and the existence of beige adipocytes has got interested as a potential therapeutic involvement for obesity and obesity-associated diseases. Adipose tissue M1 macrophage inhibition, also, has a vital role in obesity via down-regulating adipose tissue inflammation and the use of natural compounds such as oleic acid with exercise has been proposed. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of oleic acid and exercise on diet-induced thermogenesis and obesity in rats.

Experimental approach: 

Wister albino rats were categorized into six groups. Group I: normal control, group II: oleic acid group (9.8 mg/kg; orally), group III: high-fat diet (HFD), group IV: HFD plus oleic acid, group V: HFD plus exercise training, group VI: HFD plus exercise training and oleic acid. 

Findings/ Results:

Oleic acid administration and/or exercise significantly decreased body weight, TG, and cholesterol, as well as elevated HDL levels. Furthermore, oleic acid administration and/or exercise reduced serum MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, elevated the levels of GSH and irisin, increased the expression of UCP1, CD137, and CD206, and reduced CD11c expression. 

Conclusion and implications:

 Oleic acid supplementation and/or exercise could be used as therapeutic agents for treating obesity via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, stimulation of beige adipocyte differentiation, and macrophage M1 inhibition.

Aberrant activation of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in various types of cancers, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC), which is a prevalent malignancy. Targeting the Wnt signaling pathway has gained a reputation as an attractive therapeutic strategy, mainly because of its potential for regulating cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis.

The aim of the current research was to investigate the effects of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and bovine alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells (BAMLET), a complex of oleic acid with bovine α-lactalbumin protein, on colon cancer cells focusing on the Wnt signaling pathway.

For this purpose, HT-29 and HCT116 cells were treated with 5-FU and BAMLET, and the expression levels of Wnt signalingrelated proteins (β-catenin andE-cadherin) andVEGF as angiogenesis regulators were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western Blot analysis.

Bovine alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells (BAMLET) treatment down-regulated the expression of β-catenin and up-regulated the expression of E-cadherin significantly compared to the 5-FU (P < 0.0001). The reduced mRNA levels of VEGF in treated cells revealed the effectiveness of 5-FU and BAMLET on angiogenesis.

Bovine alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells (BAMLET) can be considered for targeting the Wnt signaling pathway and angiogenesis. It is amenable to further investigation in the development of CRC treatment.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome resulting from acute lung injury has become a momentous clinical concern because of high morbidity and mortality in discharged patients with pulmonary and nonpulmonary diseases. This study aimed to explore the effect of protein kinase C (PKC) θ gene knockout on acute lung injury. Wt and PKC θ gene knockout mice were intravenously injected with oleic acid to induce acute lung injury. Pulmonary capillary permeability was assessed via measuring lung wet/dry weight ratio and level of protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Histological changes were used to examine acute lung injury. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum, together with inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were determined. Furthermore, the expressions of heme oxygenase (HO)-1, nuclear factor kappa B (NF κB), and inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκB α) were detected in the lungs. PKC θ gene knockout decreased lung wet/dry weight ratio, reduced levels of MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α in serum together with level of protein in BALF. Furthermore, PKC θ gene knockout increased the activities of SOD.  Knockout of PKC θ was also observed to increase expression of HO-1 and reduce levels of p-NF κB and p-IKB α in the lungs. These results suggest that PKC θ gene knockout attenuates oleic acid-induced acute lung injury via improving oxidative stress and inflammation.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) causes high mortality rate in clinic, and the pathogenesis of this syndrome may interact with renin angiotensin system (RAS) components. The main objective of this study was to determine the protective role of AT1R antagonist (losartan) on oleic acid (OA) induced ARDS and kidney injury.

The animal model of ARDS was performed by intravenous administration of 250 µl/kg oleic acid (OA). Male and female rats were subjected to received intravenously vehicle (saline, groups 1 and 4), OA (groups 2 and 5), or losartan (10 mg/kg) plus OA (groups 3 and 6), and six hour later, the measurements were performed.

Co‑treatment of OA and losartan increased the serum levels of blood urea nitrogen significantly (P < 0.05) and creatinine insignificantly in both gender. However, the OA induced kidney damage was decreased by losartan significantly in male (P < 0.05) and insignificantly in female rats. In addition, co‑treatment of OA and losartan decreased lung water content significantly in male rats (P < 0.05). Based on tissue staining, no significant difference in lung tissue damages were observed between the groups, however some exudate were observed in lung male rats treated with OA alone which were abolished by losartan.

Losartan may protect the kidney and lung against OA induced tissue injury in male rats. This protective action is not certain in female rats.

Armenian cucumber (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus) is one of the varieties of Cucurbitaceae family that is freshly consumed in Iran, while due to the presence of useful fatty acids and minerals, it can play a special role in the health diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative of fatty acids in the seeds of Armenian cucumber.

Fruits were harvested in summer of 2018 at a fully ripened stage.The seeds were manually separated from the fruits and dried in roomtemperature. Evaluation of morphological traits was performed in the laboratory of horticulture sciences department. The seed oil extraction was done using Soxhlet apparatus and fatty acids analysis was performed by gas chromatography at Central Research Institute of Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch.

The mean of 100-seed weight was 4.08 g, the mean of seed length and diameter were 12.46 and 4.84 mm, respectively, andthe ratio of kernel to seed shellwas 2.75. The seed oil content was 34.8% and included of 24 kind of different fatty acids. The most important unsaturated fatty acids were linoleic with 51.62% and oleic acid with 28.31% and the most important saturated fatty acids were palmitic and stearic acids with 11.16% and 7.16%, respectively. The sum of unsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids and the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids were 19.46, 80.54 and 4.13, respectively.

According to the results of this research, America cucumber seeds are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids that will make them suitable for food, pharmaceutical and industrial applications.

Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) belongs to Anacardiaceae family. The dried and powdered fruits are used as a food flavoring and medicinal plant.

In this study, variability of fatty acid composition in some wild sumac fruits were investigated.

The samples were collected from their natural origins in central parts of Iran; Isfahan and Markazi province in the September to October, 2016. The morphological characters of fresh fruits were measured. Also oil content and profile of fatty acids composition were measured.

Results indicated that there are significant differences between morphological characteristics, oil percent and fatty acids compositions of wild sumac fruit populations. The range of oil percent of Iranian sumac population was 9.22% to 15.33%. The major oil quantity contained unsaturated fatty acids (64.75%- 74.08%) followed by saturated fatty acids (25.84%- 35.13%). Among saturated fatty acids, palmitic was evaluated as the highest value (21.36- 29.79 %) while the most unsaturated fatty acids were oleic acid (36.65- 44.74 %) and linoleic acid (22.62- 33.48 %). Also, soil and geographical characteristics show significant relationship with fatty acids quantity in this study.

According to our results concluded that the differences between fatty acids of sumac fruits may be related to the growth conditions like soil and geographical characteristics. Also, this study demonstrates that sumac can be a good source of fatty acids and could be useful for human nutrition.

Fatty acids (FAs), the key structural elements of dietary lipids, are notable in the nutritional value of plants. Black cumin, a popular anti-inflammatory and antioxidant food seasoning, contains nonpolar constituents such as FAs.
Seeds were extracted using hexane and their cytoprotective activity was assessed against doxorubicin (DOX)-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 cell line.
In spite of the cellular death induced by DOX toward PC12 cells, bioassay-guided purification showed that pretreatment with FAs mixtures (24h) attenuated DOX-mediated apoptosis, which could be attributed to the inhibited caspase 3 activity and enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential. Palmitic acid, caprylic acid and oleic acid each 1/3 in the mixture, also suppressed DOX-induced ROS generation.
Our observation indicated that the subtoxic concentration of FAs from Nigella sativa could effectively protect the cells against oxidative stress, due to their antioxidant activity, and could be regarded as a dietary supplement.

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are of high interest due to their application in medical fields, in particular for theranostics. Specific properties required for such particles include high magnetization, appropriate size and stability. Biocompatible magnetically soft magnetite particles (Fe3O4) have been investigated for biological purposes. The intrinsic instability of these nanoparticles and their susceptibility to the oxidization in air, are limitations for their applications. Various methods have been described for synthesis of these nanoparticles among which co-precipitation method is widely experimented. In order to illustrate the synthesis of MNPs elaborately, the effect of different factors on particle formation were studied. The particles morphology, stability, paramagnetic effect, chemical structure and cytotoxicity were evaluated. Particles of 58 and 60 nm obtained by oleic acid coated (OMNPs) and citric acid coated (CMNPs) magnetite nanoparticles respectively. Transmission electron microscopy images exhibited the real sizes are 15 and 13 nm. Magnetic saturations of these nanoparticles were 72 and 68 emu/g which is suitable for medical applications. Both OMNPs and CMNPs were non-toxic to the SK-Br-3 and MCF-7 cells in the concentrations of

Two species of genus Marrubium belonging to the family Lamiaceae, were studied for their volatile components.
The essential oils were extracted from aerial parts of the plants through hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus. Later, CG and CG-MS analysis were applied to assess the chemical components of the essential oils.
Analysis of the M. propinquum essential oil resulted in the identification of 22 components, representing 79.6% of the total essential oil that principally contained oleic acid (19%), β-caryophyllene (7.4%) and m-tolualdehyde (5.2%). In the case of M. parviflorum, 20 components were identified, representing 83% of the M. parviflorum essential oil, among them oleic acid (11.8%), α-pinene (10.2%) and germacrene D (9.8%) were the main compounds.
Regarding the results of this study in both essential oils after the non terpenoids, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons possessed the uppermost portion of the oils. We found some similarities and differences between M. propinquum and M. parviflorum essential oils and also in comparison with other species of genus Marrubium which might be due to different parameters such as agrotechnical factors.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global disease which its prevalence is about 10-35%. Several factors are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of fasting during Ramadan on plasma free fatty acids in patients with NAFLD.
This cross-sectional study was performed during the month of Ramadan in June-July, 2014 (Islamic year: 1435) with 50 patients who were living in Mashhad, Iran. The participants were recruited from 18-65 years old patients. The inclusion criteria were 1) patients with NAFLD that diagnosed fatty liver by ultrasonography and 2) being at least 10 hours fasting. Levels of plasma free fatty acids (Palmitic, Elaidic and Oleic fatty acid) were analyzed in blood sample of all patients by gas chromatography apparatus equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID).
results indicated that there was no significant changes were observed in plasma levels of Palmitic, Elaidic and Oleic fatty acids in overweight patients (BMI 25-30 ), but plasma levels of Elaidic acid significantly increased in obese patients (P

The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative status and DNA integrity in testes of wistar rat offspring exposed to omega-9 monounsaturated (MUFA) at different times of late organogenesis.
Sixty female rats were divided into six groups of 10 animals. The first group served as control and received the drug vehicle, olive oil (1 ml/kg/day). The second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth group received 1000 mg/kg of oleic acid on gestation day 15 (D15), 16 (D16), 17 (D17), 18 (D18) and 19 (D19), respectively. Male pups were allowed to attain puberty and thereafter, blood was taken for hormonal analyses. Sperm count and motility were assessed. Testes homogenate was used for the determination of biochemical variables. Testes DNA was also determined.
The results showed that sperm count and motility were significantly decreased in the treated groups as compared to the control. There was a marked increase in the malondialdehyde level in rat testes from all of the treated groups as compared to the control (P Omega-9 MUFA exposure in utero imposes negative effects on sperm variables and increases the level of sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidative stress.

In the present study, we have formulated zaltoprofen loaded, surface decorated, biodegradable gelatin nanogel and evaluated its texture characterization. The method used to prepare gelatin nanoparticles (GNP) was ‘two step desolvation’ and its surface decoration was performed with oleic acid (OA). The GNP was optimized by DOE software. Nanogels were evaluated for particle size entrapment efficiency, texture properties, SEM, in-vitro, ex-vivo drug release studies, in-vitro characterization, stability and in vivo evaluation of nanogel for anti-inflammatory activity was carried out by carrageenan induced rat paw edema method as an anti-inflammatory experimental model. The formulated GNP with particle size and entrapment efficiency of optimized batch was found to be 247.1 nm and 76.21% respectively. The SEM of GNP shows smooth and spherical shape. In-vitro and Ex-vivo drug release shows that there was 69.47% and 78.59% drug released within 48 hrs. It follows Ritger peppas model, which indicates sustained drug release. The good texture properties of nanogel were observed from texture analysis graphs.In vivo studies of our formulation give significant results compared to the marketed nanogel. Stability data revealed stability of nanogel formulation up to 3 months. The present approach can provide us promising results of the sustained analgesic activity and the stability of drug within the GNP.

Amygdalus with a number of endemic species grow vastly in Iran. Edible sweet almond (A. communis), is cultivated in many countries due to its pharmaceutical, nutritional and cosmetic importance; while almond oil which is rich in oleic acid is known for its economic interest. In the present study, the amount and constituents of oil of six Amygdalus species including A. communis, A. Iranshahrii, A. scoparia, A. lycioides, A. reticulata  and A. elaeagnifolia have been analyzed.

The oil of the plants fruits were obtained with hot and cold methods using n-hexane and their percentages were compared. Then, the oils were analysed by GC after methylation of their constituents.

The results demonstrated that the hot method gave higher oil yield than cold method. The amounts of the species oils were almost similar except for A. Iranshahrii which contained the least amount of the oil. The most dominant constituents of the oils comprised of palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids with almost the same pattern, consisting of mostly oleic acid followed by linoleic and palmitic acids. In all samples only little amounts of stearic acid was detectable.

Considering the results of the present study, the evaluated species are of high economic value and could be used as alternatives to sweet almond in pharmaceutical, nutritional and cosmetic industries.

This paper describes the potential use of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) which were synthesized by solution sol-gel method and coated with different polymeric materials such as oleic acid (OA) and pluronic for brain drug targeting purposes. The modified MNPs loaded with cephalexin as a model drug for incorporation in nanoparticles.The structure and composition have been analyzed by XRD, SEM, FTIR. XRD patterns of magnetic particles in the presence of OA revealed that sample was Fe3O4 crystal, and the particle size was about 30 nm. SEM results showed that bare Fe3O4 nanoparticles had an anomalous spherical shape with wide size distribution. FTIR spectra of each MNPs formulation confirmed that OA and pluronic were coated onto the surface of the modified magnetite. The amount of cephalexin loading in nanoparticles was around 43% and Drug release determinations showed that release of about 90% of loaded drug took place within 6 hours.

The available minoxidil formulations for topical application suffer with major drawback having less contact time with the scalp which requires repeated application. Hence, the present study was aimed to investigate the effect of microemulsions and microemulsion based hydrogel systems (MEHs) for increased percutaneous penetration of minoxidil. Minoxidil microemulsions were developed by following conventional titration method using oleic acid as oil phase, Tween 80 as surfactant and polyethyleneglycol 200 as co-surfactant. Smix is a surfactant and co-surfactant mixture, whose ratios in the mixture were optimized using the pseudo ternary phase diagram. The physicochemical interaction between the drug and polymer were investigated by FTIR. Prepared microemulsions and MEHs were evaluated for drug content, viscosity, pH, in vitro, ex vivo permeation, skin irritation and stability studies. The drug content and viscosity in prepared microemulsions was found ranged from 56.77±2.88 to 92.85±1.59 %, and 89.12±1.801 to 144.24±0.95 cps respectively. The Ex vitro skin permeation from these microemulsions was sustained over 24 h with drug release around 32±3.26 to 99±3.78 % with more retardation in formulation F4 (oleic acid:Smix:water 58%:40%:2%). F4 was incorporated into hydroxypropyl cellulose gel to get MEH formulation and both were compared with the marketed topical solution. Marketed preparation was diffused at faster rate in comparison to the microemulsion and MEH. The drug release order was found to be Higuchi’s with non-Fickian “anomalous” mechanism at controlled rate. The flux of the microemulsion F4 and MEH was found around 70.11±10.81 and 90.26±11.46 (μg/cm2/hr) with permeation coefficient around 27.18±6.69 and 30.21±5.16 (cm/hr). The microemulsion did not show any dermatological reactions when tested. The microemulsion was found stable on storage and results suggested that microemulsions and MEHs could be more promising for topical delivery of minoxidil in hair loss treatment in comparison to solution based formulations.

The available minoxidil formulations for topical application suffer with major drawback and requires repeated application. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of microemulsions and microemulsion based hydrogel-systems (MEHs) for increased percutaneous penetration of minoxidil. Minoxidil microemulsions were developed by conventional titration method using oleic-acid as oil, tween-80 as surfactant and PEG 200 as co-surfactant, whose compositions were optimized using pseudo-ternary phase diagram. The drug and polymer interactions were investigated by FTIR. Prepared microemulsions and MEHs were evaluated for drug content, viscosity, pH, in-vitro, ex-vivo permeation, skin irritation and stability studies. The drug content and viscosity of microemulsions was found ranged from 56.77±2.88-92.85±1.59 %, and 89.12±1.801-144.24±0.95cps respectively. In-vitro skin permeation from these microemulsions was sustained over 24h with drug release around 32±3.26-99±3.78 % with more retardation in F4 (oleic-acid:Smix:water 58%:40%:2%). F4 was incorporated into hydroxypropyl cellulose gel to get MEH formulation and both were compared with the marketed topical solution. Marketed preparation was diffused at faster rate in comparison to the microemulsion and MEH. The drug release order was found to be Higuchi’s with non-Fickian “anomalous” mechanism at controlled rate. The flux of the F4 and MEH was found around 70.11±10.81 and 90.26±11.46 (μg/cm2/hr) with permeation coefficient around 27.18±6.69 and 30.21±5.16 (cm/hr). The microemulsion did not show any dermatological reactions when tested. The microemulsion was found stable on storage and results suggested that microemulsions and MEHs could be more promising for topical delivery of minoxidil in hair loss treatment as compared to solution based formulations.