جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « PPI » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The increase in serum phosphorus level is an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with chronic renal failure or undergoing dialysis due to end-stage renal disease. (1) Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are the general name given to agents used to suppress stomach acid. In this study, the clinical benefit of using PPIs in addition to drugs used for phosphorus control was investigated.

153 patients with end-stage renal disease were included in the study. The data of the patients who had been on hemodialysis for at least 6 months and using calcium acetate for at least 1 month were recorded in the SPSS 21 program. The patients were analyzed in two groups according to whether they used PPI or not. Anamnesis, patient follow-up, laboratory, and treatment forms collected from hemodialysis centers were used.

Of the 153 patients in the study, 49% were males and the mean age was 65.11±11.23. The mean duration of patients on dialysis was 48.5 months. Hypertension was found to be the most common comorbidity with 75.8% prevalence among the patients. The mean phosphorus levels of the patients using calcium acetate together with PPI were found to be approximately 1.2 mg/dl lower (p= 0.000).

It should be taken into account that the use of PPI together with calcium acetate, which is still common as a phosphorus binder in developing countries, can contribute to controlling phosphorus levels.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) effectively suppress acid secretion and play an essential role in peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease. There is a genuine concern about overutilizing PPIs, leading to significantly high costs and undesirable outcomes. An increase in the patient medication cost was associated with decreased adherence to prescription medication. Hence, this study assessed the cost variation of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) drugs.

The cost of different brands of commonly used PPIs was sorted out by referring latest “Monthly Index of Medical Specialties” October – December 2021, and 1mg online pharmacy. The cost of 10 dosage forms (Tablets/capsules) in INR of each brand, Cost Ratio, and Percentage Cost Variation for individual drug brands was calculated in the case of an oral drug, and the cost of one vial or ampoule was noted in the case of injectable drug. At last, the cost ratio and percentage cost variation of various brands was compared.

The data analysis showed a significant variation in the costs of different brands of proton pump inhibitors available In the Indian market. Percentage variation in cost for oral preparations of proton pump inhibitors marketed in India was found to be tablet/capsule Rabeprazole 20mg (1540%), Omeprazole 20 mg(718.18%), Pantoprazole  40mg (504.16%), Esomeprazole 20mg (173.68%), Lansoprazole 15 mg (84.90 %), Omeprazole  40 mg (60.34%) and with injectable preparations IVR abeprazole 20mg (1090.90%), Omeprazole  40 mg  (347.36%), Esomeprazole 40mg (216.66%), Pantoprazole 20mg (164.44 %), Pantoprazole 40mg (51.16%).

There is a wide variation in the prices of proton pump inhibitors available in the market. Regulatory authorities, pharma companies, and physicians should maximize their efforts to reduce the cost of drugsThe need to search for reliable process indicators for the effectiveness of anti-diabetic therapy has been expressed in the literature. Process indicators have been described as essential processes that contribute to achieving outcomes

Retinoblastoma (RB) is a retinal-derived embryonic tumor. The illness severity at the time of presentation affects survival and preserves eyesight. The purpose of this research is to find Retinoblastoma causing genes and EDCs that control gene expression. To uncover genes linked to Retinoblastoma , We utilized the GEO database and a string database to rebuild the protein-protein interaction network. Then, using Cytoscape and the Clusterviz plugin, modules are explored. We utilize the Comptox database to find potential Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC) then we introduce high-degree EDCs in this network. These findings might aid researchers in better understanding melanoma.

To further understand retinoblastoma etiology and uncover possible Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals(EDCs), we looked at differential gene expression in retinoblastoma and normal samples. Then we choose differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with an adj P value of less than 0.01. The STRING database was used to create the protein-protein interaction network, which was then presented using the Cytoscape and the Clusterviz plugin was used to explore the modules. The genes in the modules were then investigated for GO and pathway enrichment. EDC-gene interactions for each module’s genes were gathered and reconstructed as a single EDC- gene network.Key words:Retinoblastoma, Protein Protein Interaction Network, systems biology, Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals.

In Retinoblastoma, 347 putative EDCs were discovered to influence gene regulation. The EDC that affects five genes is ethanolamine. For the first time, these EDCs have been suggested as new possible compounds for preventing Retinoblastoma and should be investigated further in clinical trials.

Ethanolamine is a high degree EDC in our network. However, the findings should be experimentally validated to produce better prevention.

Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive eye condition marked by corneal protrusion, thinning, and scarring that adversely affects the ability to see and quality of life. A defective corneal extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly ultimately results in myopia, irregular astigmatism, and severe visual impairment. Most commonly occurring in adolescence, this condition is one of the most commonly indicated clinical indications for corneal transplantation. In contrast to corneal transplantation, corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) increases corneal stiffness without inflicting any invasive surgery. This study used RNA-Seq data to investigate which functional genes are regulated by CXL in keratoconus. The RNA-Seq expression matrix related to individuals with Keratoconus (KC) and patients treated with collagen crosslinking (CXL) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)[1] database 1at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) were retrieved. Differential expression analysis and functional enrichment analysis were conducted. The hub genes were then identified with the protein-protein interactions (PPI) network. Finally, transcription factor (TF) genes were identified that regulate these networks. We identified 126 genes in KC and CXL-treated patients that affect TF-mediated network adjustments that improve treatment. In addition, they may play a role in the pathogenesis of keratoconus. Visualization of the PPI networks enabled us to identify 63 highly connected (Hub) genes which served an essential biological function in regulatory networks.

This study compares the effects of two drug regimens for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection resistant to the first line drug regimen among patients referred to Ilam clinics, Iran. Single drug regimen is not effective for H. pylori infection and therefore, application of triple or quadruple drug regimens are currently applied. This study was performed by a before-after comparative method and patients were randomly selected among those consecutively referred to Ilam gastrointestinal clinics. Patients with failure in the first line treatment, were randomly divided into two equal groups and each group was treated by one of the PPI+Amoxicillin+Rifampicin or PPI+Amoxicillin+Levofloxacin drug regimens for 14 days. Six weeks after treatment, patients were tested for H. pylori stool antigen and the results were compared between two groups. In this study, 100 patients including 49 (49%) men and 51 (51%) women were examined. There was no statistical difference between the two groups for gender, age and living location at the start of study (p = 0.068). The mean age of the patients was 44.55 ±15.1 years old ranging from 17 to 85 years. Response to treatment among the levofloxacin group, was 90% and in rifampicin group 72% with a significant difference (p<0.04). The response rate of H. pylori infection to the Levofloxacin based regimen was 90%; however, the application of rifampicin in combination with other drugs against H. pylori infection (72% response rate), should be limited to reduce the possibility of drug resistance in case of tuberculosis infection.Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, Levofloxacin, Rifampicin, PPI, Drug resistance.(Please cite as: Abangah GH, Raughani A, Asadollahi P, Asadollahi KH. Comparison between the two drug regimens of PPI+Amoxicillin+Rifampicin and PPI+Amoxicillin+ Levofloxacin for the treatment of H. pylori infections resistant to the first line drug regimen among patients referred to Ilam clinics Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 2019;12(3):209-216).

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common problem with annoying symptoms. It is associated with negative impact on quality of life. Prokinetic agents may be used in combination with acid suppression agents as an adjunctive in patients with GERD refractory to proton pump inhibitors (PPI) therapy, rather than as sole treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combination of PPI with domperidone (a prokinetic agent) compared with PPI alone in the treatment of patients with refractory GERD.   This study was a double blind clinical trial on 29 patients with GERD refractory to PPI during the period of one month. By randomization, the patients were divided into two groups. Group A was treated by pantoprazole 40 mg twice daily and domperidone three times a day for a month, while group B was treated by pantoprazole 40 mg twice daily and placebo three times a day. In this study endoscopy was performed to evaluate the prevalence of erosive esophagitis, non-erosive reflux, and hiatal hernia. Manometry was conducted to study the prevalence of dysmotility. GERD symptom questionnaires including the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), Carlson Dennett, and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 health survey (SF36) were used before and after treatment for screening GERD and assessing treatment response.   There were 17 (58.62%) women and 12 (41.37%) men. The prevalence of erosive esophagitis and non-erosive reflux, was 10.34% and 89.66%, respectively. There was a significant difference comparing reflux symptoms before and after treatment between the two groups according to reflux and Carlson Dennett questionnaires. At the end of the study, symptoms of reflux significantly improved by treatment. Although, the quality of life questionnaire scores improved by treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in response to treatment between the two groups.   In this research, we showed that adding domperidone to PPI could not make any improvement in patients with refractory reflux regarding the quality of life and improving the symptoms.

The physical interaction of proteins which lead to compiling them into large densely connected networks is a noticeable subject to investigation. Protein interaction networks are useful because of making basic scientific abstraction and improving biological and biomedical applications. Based on principle roles of proteins in biological function, their interactions determine molecular and cellular mechanisms, which control healthy and diseased states in organisms. Therefore, such networks facilitate the understanding of pathogenic (and physiologic) mechanisms that trigger the onset and progression of diseases. Consequently, this knowledge can be translated into effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, the results of several studies have proved that the structure and dynamics of protein networks are disturbed in complex diseases such as cancer and autoimmune disorders. Based on such relationship, a novel paradigm is suggested in order to confirm that the protein interaction networks can be the target of therapy for treatment of complex multi-genic diseases rather than individual molecules with disrespect the network.