جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Pinopode » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Sildenafil citrate is a new drug and has special properties that bring about nitric oxide effects on vascular smooth muscle. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of ovarian stimulation and sildenafil citrate injection on pinopode expression in mice.Thirty adult female mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, hyperstimulated and hyperstimulated +sildenafil citrate injection. In experimental groups mice received 7.5 IU human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) and then after 48 hr received 7.5 IU human chorionic gonadotropic (HCG) hormones. After that every two females were put with one male in one cage for mating. Hyperstimulated +sildenafil citrate group were injected with sildenafil citrate (3 mg/mouse) every 24 hr for three days, after HMG injection. The animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation 96 hr after HMG injection, and their uterine specimens (the middle one-third) were prepared for transmission electron microscope studies. Electron microscopy observations showed that in the control group there were long and short microvilli while no developed pinopodes were observed, however, in the two other groups, well developed pinopodes were expressed 4 days after HMG injection.The results showed that hyperstimulation of mice with sildenafil citrate may be more helpful in formation of pinopodes and implantation.

Pinopodes are suggested as biological markers of uterine receptivity, but their molecular components are unknown.

Co-expression of galectin-3 and v3 integrin at human pinopodes has been examined in this study to propose a role for them during adhesion phase of embryo implantation.

Biopsies were obtained from early and mid luteal phase endometrium of 12 fertile women with regular menstrual periods (25-35 days) and the mean age of 37 years (range 25–45). Then, they were examined under light and scanning electron microscopy for detection and dating of pinopodes. Using immunofluorescent staining and immunogold electron microscopy, the expression of galectin-3 and v3 integrin in human endometrium and pinopodes was detected. Further, statistical analysis was performed using immunogold electron microscopy to investigate the expression and subcellular distribution of these, before and during the frame of implantation window.

The results demonstrated that pinopodes of luminal epithelial cells exhibited immunoreactivity for both galectin-3 and v3 integrin, which was increased statistically significant (p< 0.05) at the time of implantation window. Furthermore, area-related distribution of these proteins was found higher in pinopodes compared to the neighboring apical membrane without pinopode.

Temporal and spatial expression of galectin-3 and v3 integrin at pinopodes proposes a role for pinopodes in the adhesion of embryo and the involvement of galectin-3 as a binding partner of integrins in the human utero-fetal complex.