جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Proximate » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The aim of this study is to assess the nutritional composition of Anthocleista djalonensis as an important medicinal plant used to manage many diseases.
The proximate features, mineral content, and vitamin composition in A. djalonensis leaves were examined according to the standard analytical methods. Proximate composition includes crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, carbohydrates, moisture content, and ash content, while minerals such as macro-elements (phosphorus, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium,) and micro-elements (iron, manganese, copper, zinc) were determined using flame photometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The evaluated vitamin composition includes vitamin A, C, E, and B12.
The results obtained for proximate composition showed that moisture content had the highest amount (59.71 g/100g), followed by crude protein (23.41 g/100g), crude fibre (9.51 g/100g), carbohydrate (4.72 g/100g), ash content (1.67 g/100g), and crude fat (1.04 g/100g). Mineral content showed that for macro elements, potassium had the highest amount (0.59%), followed by calcium (0.54%), magnesium (0.36%), and phosphorus (0.25%), while the least value was recorded for sodium (0.06%). Forthe micro-elements, the highest detected amount was for iron (0.175%), while copper had the least value (0.004%). The result indicated for vitamins showed that ascorbic acid (vitamin C) (3.58 mg/100g) had the highest concentration, followed by retinol (vitamin A) (1.67 mg/100g) and cobalamin (vitamin B12) (1.02 mg/100g), while tocopherol (vitamin E) (0.49 mg/100g) had the least concentration.
The result indicated that A. djalonensis has nutrients and vitamins which could be used to enrich our food so as to augment the shortage of essential minerals and vitamins in our body.

This study evaluated the microbiological, nutritional quality and antioxidant profile of fermented Delonix regia seeds. Isolation and characterization of microorganisms was performed by standard microbiological and biochemical methods, while proximate and antioxidant contents of fermented substrates were determined by standard chemical methods. The total aerobic and lactic acid bacterial and fungal counts increased from 2.0 to 4.4 cfu/ml, 0.7 to 18.9 cfu/ml and 0.7 to 2.4 cfu/ml respectively. The microorganisms isolated and identified from the samples were Bacillus subtilis, Staphyloccocus aureus, Serratia marcescens, Micrococcus luteus, Streptomyces greceus, Lactobacillus plantarun, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, Fusarium spp., Penicillium notatum, Penicillium italicum, Rhizopus japonicum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The moisture, fat and protein contents of the raw samples increased from 11.10, 1.66 and 19.99 % to 18.25, 4.67 and 32.16 % after fermentation respectively. The antioxidant properties (FRAP, TAC, Flavonoid and DPPH) were remarkably higher than the unfermented D. Regia seeds. The appreciable increase in nutritional and antioxidant properties of fermented D. regia seeds suggest that it might be a good and cheap source of ingredient which can be integrated into human diet and animal feed.

Food poisoning resulting from microbial and heavy metals pollution is commonplace. These contaminants do not only reduce the nutritional value of the food but are in many cases toxic. In this study, the proximate composition, bacterial quality and some heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Hg) concentration in three common fish species (Claria gariepinus, Heterobrachus bidorsalis and Channa obscura) found in flood basin of Omambala River in Anambra, Nigeria were evaluated from 2016 to 2017.
Wet digestion was used for the samples preparation and AOAC methods were adopted for the proximate analysis. Standard aerobic pour-platetechniques were used for bacterial enumeration while heavy metal concentrations were determinedusing Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).
All the fish species had high protein, moisture, lipid, ash and minerals contents. Mean bacteria count of 3.36x106cfu/g was observed in C. gariepinus while C. obscura had mean bacterial count of 3.23x106cfu/g and H. bidorsalis had mean bacterial count of 3.40x106cfu/g. C. gariepinus had a cadmium and lead concentration of 0.012±0.012mg/kg,and 0.0043±0.0012mg/kg respectively while C.obscura had 0.010 ± 0.005mg/kg and 0.037 ±0.013mg/kg of cadmium and lead. H.bidorsalis had 0.011 ± 0.002mg/kg, and 0.048 ± 0.005mg/kg of cadmium and lead respectively.
All the fish species are good sources of nutrient. The microbial and heavy metals concentrations were within the acceptable international limits for heavy metals in foods. However, the presence of these toxicants in the samples is a source of concern in relation to the health of the consumers.

Carrot is a rich source of anthocyanins, carotenoids, vitamins A, B and C. The aerial parts are used as livestock feed in some parts of Northern Nigeria with little or no scientific evidence of its nutritional potential. This study established the phytochemical, nutritional and antioxidant potentials of carrot aerial parts.
The proximate and elemental analyses of the aerial parts were determined using Association of Official Analyst Chemist (AOAC) method and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method for quantification of antioxidant properties in the crude extracts.
The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed presence of steroid/triterpenes, flavonoids, tannins and saponins in ethylacetate and methanol crude extracts. The proximate analysis revealed crude protein (14.59%), lipid (10.37%), fibre (9.07%), carbohydrate (51.81%), moisture (10.23%) and the ash content (12.99%). The aerial parts were rich in P (11.00 mg/L), Na (5.38 mg/L), Fe (3.19 mg/L), K (2.25 mg/L), Ca (2.02 mg/L), Mn (1.15 mg/L), Mg (1.02 mg/L), As (0.83 mg/L), Se (0.40 mg/L), Zn (0.26 mg/L), Cu (0.13 mg/L), Cd (-0.02 mg/L), Cr (0.02 mg/L), Ni (0.17 mg/L) and Pb (0.04 mg/L). The antioxidant activity showed that ethylacetate and methanol extracts had EC50 of 86.89 ug/mL and 166.79 ug/mL, respectively.
Daucus carota aerial parts are rich in nutritional compositions and may be used as livestock feed supplements and also as vegetables for mankind. Its utilization could be incorporated in daily diets and boost food security in developing countries.