جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Teratoma » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Epidermoid cysts are benign, rare which can occur all throughout the body of an individual. Their occurrence in the oral cavity is rare and is difficult to distinguish from other intraoral cysts. A 27-year-old female patient presented with a swelling to the oral and maxillofacial surgery department for the removal of the cystic lesion. Based on the clinical and radiographic features the provisional diagnosis was given as odontogenic keratocyst. But the histopathological examination revealed a stratified squamous cystic epithelium with abundant keratin suggestive of an epidermoid cyst. This case report presents an uncommon finding in the oral cavity with a history of teeth extraction. Based on these findings even though epidermoid cyst is rare it should be included in the differential diagnosis of radiolucent lesions of the jaws.

Mature teratoma is a common tumor that can undergo malignant transformation, either in ovarian or extragonadal sites. While adenocarcinoma superimposed on sacrococcygeal teratoma is rare, mucinous variants have been reported in only five cases. Here, we present a case of a young girl with disseminated metastasis of mucinous carcinoma, initially of unknown primary origin. Further investigation by a dedicated multidisciplinary team (MDT) revealed a focus of mucinous carcinoma (intestinal type) in a sacrococcygeal teratoma incompletely resected five years earlier. The patient is currently undergoing second-line chemotherapy after experiencing side-effects on the first-line regimen. Pathologists, gynecologic oncologists, and surgical oncologists should exercise caution when dealing with locally aggressive teratomas, thoroughly searching for malignant components and conducting short-term follow-up.

Parthenogenesis (PG) is a rare phenomenon occurring in humans, and understanding this may help us develop an explanation for such occurrences. Moreover, it may help reveal the cause of idiopathic ovarian teratoma (OT). We aim to explain the occurrence of PG and OT in humans based on a new hypothesis. Previous literature has been searched through relevant scientific websites and international journals on the causes and mechanisms of PG and OT in humans. The previous literature on human PG was sparse and mostly contained case reports. It appears that human PG is not as rare as previously reported but may occur spontaneously, resulting in OT formation. The difference between PG and sexual reproduction is that PG has no embryonic diversity. The biopsied embryonic samples in the PG correspond exclusively to those of the maternal side. Spontaneous PG in humans often degrades or leads to formation of OT. The cause and mechanism of spontaneous PG remain unclear in the available literature. Here, we hypothesized that in some cases the secondary oocyte and first polar body enclosed in the zona pellucida may fuse together to form a single cell that restores the diploid number of chromosomes and initiates cell division to form PG. It may go unnoticed or be represented by the OT. Future studies are recommended to investigate this hypothesis.

Intrapulmonarymature cystic teratoma is an extremely rare form of extragonadal teratoma that frequently presents with nonspecific clinical and radiologic findings. The first case was described by Mohr in 1839. It usually involves the upper lobes of the left lung.

In this report, we describe the first case of a 28-year-old woman from Kabul, Afghanistan, who was diagnosed with intrapulmonary mature cystic teratoma in the left upper lobe and complained of dry cough and hemoptysis 6 months before her admission. Preoperatively, the clinicians suggested a diagnosis of lung abscess based on the symptoms and radiological findings. Postoperatively, the lesion was diagnosed as intrapulmonary mature cystic teratoma by anatomopathological examination.

Intrapulmonary mature cystic teratomas are usually misdiagnosed preoperatively due to nonspecific clinical symptoms, and indistinguishable radiographic findings, and should keep in the differential diagnosis of all cystic lesions. An accurate diagnosis is made by postoperative anatomopathological examination, and complete surgical resection of the lesion is considered the optimal treatment.

Teratoma is a tumor comprised of three germinal layers classified as mature or immature in most cases. Most mature solid teratomas are benign but may turn malignant; therefore, complete resection is advised in these cases. They usually occur in women. Primary rectal teratomas are infrequent, and only a few cases have been described in the literature. Teratomas are the most common cystic that rise in the ovary, testicle, and retroperitoneum. They can also be solid and are better known as dermoid cysts.

We report a 34-year-old woman who were presented with intermittent constipation and diarrhea in Urmia Imam Khomeini Hospital in January 2020. After examination, a solid intra-rectal teratoma occurring mainly in the rectum was detected in this case. The patient underwent segmental colectomy and histology, which revealed squamous epithelium, fat cells, hair follicles, cartilaginous material, and granuloma suggestive of mature teratoma.

The present case was a solid primary rectal teratoma, an uncommon disease with many misdiagnoses that can be differentiated from other diseases. In this case report, it is differentiated from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Mature cystic teratomas, also named dermoid cysts, are the most benign ovarian germ cell tumors and can occur in any age group. Transformation of the mature elements within the dermoid cyst to the malignancy termed mature cystic teratomas (MCTs) with malignant transformation occurs in only 1-2 % of cases. Of these, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with 80% prevalence is the most common type. A 54-year-old peri-menopausal woman -gravida 5, para 4, live 4, and abortion 1- presented to our clinic with a complaint of abdominal pain for about five months. Transvaginal ultrasonography revealed a mass with a diameter of 125-millimeter in the left adnexa with a complex appearance containing fine-echo liquid, solid internal component, and thickened wall. Spiral CT scan of abdomen & pelvis showed 147×121-millimeter bilocular lesion consistent with an ovarian dermoid cyst. Left salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, and a frozen section was requested during the surgery, which showed a malignant epithelial tumor consistent with squamous cell carcinoma arising in teratoma. Total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and partial omentectomy were done successfully. The patient was discharged from the hospital after two days without any complaints or adverse events. Regarding the rarity of MCT with malignant transformation, it is recommended to consider patient characteristics, preoperative imaging, laboratory evaluations, and the results of the frozen section during surgery since they can significantly change the treatment plan and the prognosis of the patient.

Germ cell teratomas belong to nonseminomatous germ cell tumors and account for 95% of malignant testicular tumors. Regarding the current World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, testicular teratomas are divided into prepubertal and postpubertal subtypes based on patients’ age. The term “burned-out testicular tumor” is a very rare condition referring to a regressed testicular tumor which presents with its metastases without any clinical finding in the testicle. Metastasis can be the presentation of postpubertal teratoma in 22-37% of cases. In scar associated teratoma (burn-out component), the metastasis rate is 66%. We reported a rare case of postpubertal teratoma in a 34-year-old male who presented with multiple liver masses initially. Liver biopsy revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma probably from gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The upper and lower GI endoscopy were normal. Scrotal ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic cystic intratesticular lesion in the left testis. He underwent radical orchiectomy and the histopathology examination revealed postpubertal teratoma with burned out component. He underwent proper treatment and is still under follow up. As a result, in a young male patient who presented with a retroperitoneal mass or poorly differentiated carcinomas of an unknown primary site, using light microscopy and immunohistochemical profiling alone may be inadequate. Therefore, scrotal screening and physical examination of the scrotum and bilateral testis should be considered to exclude possibility of a metastatic progression from a testicular germ cell neoplasia.

Teratoma is a type of multipotential cell tumor, which includes a mixture of two or three germinal layers of ectodermis, endodermis, and mesodermis. Although neonatal sacrococcygeal teratoma has been frequently reported, its occurrence in older age is not common. In this study, we report a rare case of spinal intradural mature cystic teratoma in a 16-year-old male, emphasizing on considering this unusual condition in differential diagnosis of spinal cord cystic tumors.

Neonatal tumors are usually prenatally diagnosed or within the irst 30 days of life. The true incidence ofneonatal tumors is unknown as a great number of pregnancies with a prenatally diagnosed mass result in stillbirth ormiscarriage. Most solid neonatal tumors are benign whereas less than 50% of neonatal neoplasms are malignant;however, some tumors with malignant patterns may histologically show benign behaviors. The incidence of malignanttumors is 1 in every 12,500-27,500 live births, accounting for 2% of all childhood cancers. Teratomas are the mostcommon perinatal neoplasms, accounting for 25-33% of the cases. Around two-thirds of all sacrococcygeal teratomas(SCTs) are reported in the neonatal period but with a small risk of malignancy.Case report: Herein, we reported a case of SCT in a newborn leading to a complicated cesarean delivery.

In general, teratomas are embryonic typically benign tumors arising from germ cells. They usually consistof various tissues originating from two or more embryonic layers. These tumors are believed to be the most commonneonatal germ cell tumors. The sacrococcygeal region is the most common site for extragonadal teratomas formation.

Mature cystic teratomas are rare neoplasms and consist of at least two to three embryonic layers. While these tumors are most commonly seen in the testes and ovaries, they have been reported elsewhere.

Case Report: 

A 22-year-old female patient referred to Mehr Hospital in Mashhad with symptoms of pelvic pain, tympanites, altered bowel habits, nausea, and vomiting. According to the performed examinations and evaluations, a mass of 37 × 20 mm was found in the retroperitoneum between the vagina and rectum. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgery and the cyst was completely resected. The patient was discharged a day after the surgery and no surgical complications were reported in conducted follow-ups. The pathologic finding also reported a dermoid cyst.

Resection surgery is the mainstay in the treatment of mature retroperitoneal teratomas. Although tumor characteristics can be diagnosed preoperatively by imaging modalities, a definitive diagnosis can only be made by histologic evaluations.

Teratoma is a rare tumor derived from pluripotent stem cells accounting for 10%-15% of the mediastinal tumors and are the most common subtypes of germ cells which undergo impaired migration during the embryonic developmental period. Teratomas are indemnified by the presence of the tissue from at least two embryonic germ layers and thus, the migration of these pluripotent cells along the lung bud can lead to intrapulmonary mass with or without mediastinal involvement. In the current report, the case of a 26-year-old woman was presented who was diagnosed with chronic cough from her childhood. The patient had no previous surgery. She mainly complained about cough and sputum production during her childhood period (10-12 years old) which failed to respond to conventional treatment. The 3-year post-operative follow-up indicated no pulmonary symptoms or signs in this patient. In general, the anatomical location of teratoma is associated with several challenges while this tumor demonstrates different symptoms. The histopathological diagnosis of teratoma includes germ cells and other non–germ cells. Therefore, surgical resection is considered the optimal treatment for this tumor since it cannot respond to chemotherapy. Finally, lung teratoma has multifaceted challenges including histopathological diagnosis and therefore, surgery is regarded as the optimal modality of treatment.

Lipomas are the most common benign mesenchymal tumors found in humans, with a prevalance rate of 2.1 per 1000 tumors. Most of them are small, weighing only a few grams and measuring less than 2 centimeters in diameter. However, those weighing upwards of 200 grams and exceeding 10 centimeters have only been described in different anatomic locations on occasion in the literature. A 54-year-old man presented with a large soft tissue growth over the lower back, present for the past 20 years and rapidly enlarging over the past 3 years. A diagnosis of giant lipoma was made. Six hours and several surgical teams were required to remove the 14 kilogram mass. During excision, the skin flaps overlying the mass were preserved and were ultimately used to reconstruct the surgical site defect in a layered fashion once intraoperative frozen pathology confirmed the pre-operative diagnosis. Benign lipomas of the size reported in this case have rarely been described in the literature, as lipomatous masses of this size are often found to instead be either atypical lipomatous tumors or high-grade liposarcomas. In this case, we describe one of the largest of these giant benign lipomas ever reported to date. The case also illustrates the use of an interdisciplanary, multi-team approach to undertake the high-risk operation of removing such a mass from a patient safely. Finally, the case describes aninteresting approach toward reconstructing the large soft tissue defect that remained once the tumor had been removed from the patient.

Intrapericardial teratomas are rare primary cardiac tumors. These tumors, albeit benign in essence, can be fatal if they exert pressure on the cardiovascular and/or respiratory system. We describe a 34-day-old infant, who needed emergent surgery due to cardiovascular structure compromise. Proper anesthetic and surgical techniques conferred an uneventful postoperative course. Histologic examination confirmed the tumor as an intrapericardial teratoma. At 8 months’ postoperative follow-up, the child had a good developmental status and a normal echocardiogram.

Introduction:

 Many different Doppler-derived techniques have been proposed for overall assessment of cardiovascular well-being. In this report, 3 cases of high output cardiac failure were presented with the aim of evaluating the effect of fetal weight on fetal combined cardiac output (CCO).

Patients Information:

 The first and second cases were referred to Yas Hospital for the management of fetal anemia at 31and 29 weeks of gestation, respectively, and the third case had a large solid and vascular sacrococcygeal teratoma at 17 weeks. The fetal weight in the first case was less than 10 percentile, in the second case was in normal limit, and in the third one was above 90 percentile. Left ventricle, right ventricle, CCO, and weight-indexed CCO were assessed for both fetuses and all were above normal limit, indicating high output cardiac failure. Right to left cardiac output ratio also increased obviously.

Conclusion:

 The fetal growth restriction overestimates the weight-indexed CCO and the weight above 90 percentile underestimates it. In these conditions, CCO seems more precise in demonstrating the true burden on fetal heart in comparison with weight-indexed CCO.

Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is the most common type of ovarian germ cell tumor occurring in females of reproductive age. It is typically benign, but rare malignant transformations have been reported in 1-2% of the cases. Among a wide variety of malignancies arising in MCTs, high grade lymphomas are the least common. We present a case of a 45- years -old female with a unilateral adnexal mass. Gross examination revealed a unilocular cyst with a smooth and intact capsule. The cyst lumen was filled with sebaceous material and hair. Except for a 5.0 cm Rokitansky nodule, no other nodule or papillary structures were identified. Microscopic examination revealed an array of mature tissues arising from different germ cell layers and foci of diffuse sheets of large atypical lymphoid cells. These were positive for CD-20 marker, confirming their B lymphoid series cell origin. A final diagnosis of a high grade B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma arising in an ovarian MCT was made. Such cases have been known to be associated with a very poor prognosis, and there are no established criteria for their pre-operative diagnosis. Risk factors for malignant transformation in an MCT including tumor size, post menopausal status, and serum tumor markers are thus analyzed routinely to make a presumptive diagnosis. These coupled with extensive gross sampling of the tumor specimens, and a diligent histopathological examination may aid in an accurate diagnosis of a malignant neoplasm arising in MCTs.

Teratomas arise from three germ cell layers, the ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm1, 2, and have several degrees of differentiation. We report our experience with teratomas at a tertiary pediatric surgery center.
Patients and The hospital records of all patients with the pathological diagnosis of teratoma treated during 10 years between 2004 and 2014 were reviewed and the following information was obtained: Sex, site of tumor, treatment and outcome.
Sixty seven patients consisting of 49 girls (73%) and 18 boys (27%) were treated with teratomas at various sites of the body. These included: sacrococcygeal (SC) 32 patients (27 females& 5 males), ovarian 12 cases, cervical 4 patients (1 females & 3 males), retroperitoneal 9 (5 females & 4 males), Nasopharyngeal 2 patients both of which were females, mediastinal 2 cases (1 female & 1 male) and 5 testicular teratoma patients. All patients underwent surgery, and the most common procedure was total resection in 63(94%) of patients. Twenty eight (42%) received chemotherapy. In follow-up 52(77%) patients were in complete remission, 8(12%) had died, and 4 cases did not attend follow-up visits.
Teratomas are a group of tumors with similar histological picture but different behaviors. Sacrococcygeal teratomas are the commonest and the majorities are benign but the risk of malignant transformation increases with age. Management of teratomas is a combination of surgery and chemotherapy which may lead patients to a better prognosis.