جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Tobacco use cessation » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Smoking is the main cause of illness and death worldwide. It is a serious public health problem and a habit that has consequences for the individual’s quality of life (QoL). The aim of the study was to evaluate the QoL of patients undergoing tobacco cessation treatment in a multidisciplinary program in Brazil.

The current retrospective study was performed on patients undergoing tobacco cessation treatment in a multidisciplinary program of the Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil, São José dos Campos, from March to December 2015. The 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), Fantastic Lifestyle, Self-Reporting (SRQ-20), Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory Questionnaires (STAI s/t) were administered to 71 participants who were selected according to the inclusion criteria.

The smoking habit affected the QoL of the user, especially in the physical functioning, social aspect, vitality, and mental health domains of the SF-36 survey and the Fantastic Lifestyle Questionnaire. It also influenced depression and the social support of the patient as we could see by the application of the SRQ-20 questionnaire and by the MOS questionnaire, respectively.

We could see that there is a negative relationship between smoking and QoL and that smoking influences depression and the social support of the user. These findings highlight that effective tobacco cessation interventions are crucial. Healthcare providers and policymakers must prioritize tobacco control to reduce the burden of tobacco-related diseases and improve community well-being.

Emergency rooms (ERs) are usually crowded with friends and relatives (F&Rs) of the patients. This experience may result in changes in smoking behaviors and create opportunities for smoking cessation interventions. The study aims to investigate these changes and offers a new frontier in the fight against smoking.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the ERs of two universities in different cities. A questionnaire consisting of 18 questions was applied to F&Rs of the emergency patients. Statistical analysis was performed using Jamovi program.

A total of 603 respondents were included in the study. Of them, 71.3% were first-degree relatives, 51.7% waited 5 or more times in ER before, and 68.6% spent 0-2 hours in a day around the ER. Upon witnessing patients in the ERs, 53.4% of the F&Rs had the idea of quitting smoking and 42.9% wanted to have smoking cessation therapy during their wait in the hospital. While 76.1% of the participants were not using different brands of cigarettes when offered in normal life, this rate was lower around the ERs (64.6%) (P < 0.001). Participants smoked 0.82 ± 0.34 cigarette per hour in normal life excluding sleeping time; this number raised almost 6 folds during the wait (4.85 ± 2.11) (P < 0.001).

F&Rs smoked more during waiting around ERs. However, they also expressed desire to quit smoking and receive smoking cessation intervention during the wait. Providing smoking cessation counseling to F&Rs in the ER may be a valuable intervention.

COVID-19 presented an unprecedented situation in which behavioural factors including tobacco use were believed to increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. The objective of the present study was to find the tobacco use pattern among the COVID-19 patients and the perceived risk of developing severe COVID-19 following tobacco use.

This hospital-based, cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted among 300 COVID-19 patients at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, India, during November and December 2020 using a semi-structured, pretested questionnaire. Descriptive and univariate analyses were performed using statistical software and the results were presented as proportion and percentage.

About 27% and 16% of the COVID-19 patients were ever and current tobacco users, respectively. Quit attempts were found to have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. A majority (65%) of current tobacco users had reduced their amount of tobacco use. Nearly 2 in every 3 patients perceived high risk of developing severe COVID-19 following tobacco use. Perceived risk was significantly higher among tobacco non-users, patients who were aware of the ill health effects of tobacco use, and patients who had noticed anti-tobacco messages or had been advised to quit tobacco. Among the current tobacco users, a significantly higher proportion of patients who perceived high risk of developing severe COVID-19 following tobacco use had made quit attempts or had reduced tobacco consumption during the pandemic (76.7% vs. 40%; P = 0.032).

A high proportion of COVID-19 patients believed that tobacco use aggravated the COVID-19 condition. Increased quit attempts and reduction in tobacco consumption during this pandemic is a positive sign for tobacco control

Predictive analysis can be used to evaluate the enormous data generated by the healthcare industry to extract information and establish relationships amongst the variables. It uses artificial intelligence to reveal associations not suspected by the healthcare professionals. Tobacco cessation is clearly beneficial; however, many tobacco users respond differently as it is based on multitude of factors.  Our objectives were to assess the data mining techniques using the WEKA tool, evaluate its role in predictive analysis, and to predict the quit status of patients using prediction algorithms in tobacco cessation. 

WEKA, a data mining tool, was used to classify the data and evaluate them using 10-fold cross-validations. The various algorithms used in this tool are Naïve Bayes, SMO, Random Forest, J-48, and Decision Stump to further analyze its role in determining the quit status of patients. For this, secondary data of 655 patients from a tobacco cessation clinic were utilized and described using 20 different attributes for prediction of quit status.

The Decision Stump and SMO were found to be having the best prediction and accuracy for prediction of the quit status. Out of 20 attributes, previous quitting attempt, type of intervention, and number of years since the habit was initiated were found to be associated with early quitting rate.

This study concluded that data mining and predictive analytical models like WEKA tool will not only improve patient outcomes but identify variables or a combination of variables for effective interventions in tobacco cessation.

Smokeless tobacco (ST) use is one of the most important public health problems in SoutheastAsia. The use of these substances increases the incidence of some cancers and other diseases. The purpose ofthis review study was to investigate on ST use in Iran.

A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and three national databases[Scientific Information Database (SID), IranMedex, and IranDoc] based on the standard search strategy.

Most consumer people lived in Sistan and Baluchestan Province (Zahedan and Chabahar Cities)and Golestan Province, Iran. ST use rates ranged from 11.0% to 45.7% among college students in Sistan andBaluchestan (Zahedan and Chabahar) and Golestan. There are various types of ST consumed in Iran thathave been mentioned in various articles, including Pan, Gutka, Nass, Naswar, Biti, and Supari.

Most studies on ST have been conducted in Sistan and Baluchestan and Golestan Provinces andwe need more research for other provinces. Consumption by women is a warning and a threat to women'shealth in the future. Further studies will be needed to find out more precisely the prevalence of consumptionin Iran.