جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Trends » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »
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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant global health concern that was first recognized in 2004 and has subsequently affected more than thirteen million individuals each year, resulting in 1.7 million deaths. The present study explored the evolving of the research on AKI worldwide, specifically addressing the analysis of the trends between the years 2000 and 2022 using the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC). CiteSpace software was employed to analyze 19,741 literature sources, which revealed shifts in keyword dynamics from foundational disease research to treatment prognosis and humanistic care. The keyword outbreaks occurred in the years 2004, 2010, and 2019 (i.e., significant occurrences or peaks related to the specified keyword were observed in the years 2004, 2010, and 2019). The present study highlighted the transition of AKI studies from the initial concerns regarding definitions to further comprehensive inquiries regarding biomarkers, etiology, inductors, prediction, and prognosis. The future research focus could include the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), machine learning, and continuous renal replacement treatment within the AKI realm.
Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury, Bibliometrics Analysis, Vosviewer, Citespace, Trends} -
BackgroundMortality statistics serve as a crucial component in community health planning systems. The causes of death can vary across different geographical areas due to factors such as indigenous culture and lifestyle. This study aimed to investigate the mortality trends and their causes from 2015 to 2019 in Hamedan province, located in the west of Iran.MethodsThis cross-sectional study examined all deaths (43,515 individuals) in Hamedan province from 2015 to 2019. Death data, including demographics and the underlying cause of death, were extracted from the mortality system of the Hamedan Health Center. Data collection utilized a checklist corresponding to the International Death Certificate issued by the WHO. Data analysis was performed using SPSS ver. 26.ResultsIn 2019, the average monthly death rate was the highest compared to previous years (766.3±39.1), while this number for 2015 was 682.2±37.7. In 2019, U codes (for Emerging diseases) were used for Covid-19. The mean age of deceased females (73.3±18.2) was higher than that of deceased males (67.0±20.6), showing a significant difference (P<0.001). The top three causes of death in Hamedan during these years were cardiovascular diseases (CSDR=46.7%), neoplasms (CSDR=13.8%), and external causes of injuries (CSDR=8.8%), respectively.ConclusionThe analysis of the findings indicates that health plans aimed at preventing mortality factors have not been very effective. Therefore, it is recommended that health officials in Hamedan province monitor mortality data and devise effective plans to control mortality factors. As these preventive plans cannot be implemented solely by the Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, other organizations in the province involved in public health need to play an effective role.Keywords: Cause Of Death, International Classification Of Diseases, Mortality, Trends}
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Background
Stroke is recognized as the second leading cause of death and the primary cause of disability in developing and underdeveloped countries. This study investigated the time trend of calls for suspected stroke received by the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) from 2013 to 2019 in Shiraz, Iran.
MethodsThis was a descriptive - ecological study using time series data. The necessary data were extracted from the Shiraz Emergency Medical Center from 2013 to 2019. Excel 2013 and SPSS (version 24.0) were used for data analysis. The results were then presented in figures and tables.
ResultsFrom 2013 to 2019, the EMS call center in Shiraz City received 844,004 calls, of which 6,620 were suspected stroke cases. The number of suspected stroke cases demonstrated a steady trend within a certain range from 2013 to 2016. However, there was a significant increase between 2016 and 2017, after which the number of stroke cases reached relative stability. In the short-term seasonal trend, we found that the number of suspected stroke cases reported to EMS was higher in cold seasons compared to warm seasons.
ConclusionThe results showed that the long-term trend of reported suspected stroke cases to EMS is currently stable, following a previous increase in Iran.
Keywords: Emergency Medical Services, Iran, Stroke, Time Series Analysis, Trends} -
Aims
The increased recognition of the significance of occupational safety and health in the workplace has attracted increasing attention in the field of public health. This study aimed to analyze recent trends in prioritizing worker safety, health, and well-being in the workplace, focusing on the connections between occupational safety and health and public health.
Information & MethodsThis systematic review employed a combined approach using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses model along with an analysis tool, VOSviewer, for a systematic review of the literature. The research process involved identifying search topics and pertinent keywords (such as occupational safety, health, well-being, and public health) and conducting a systematic literature search in the Scopus and SciSpace databases
FindingsA shift in awareness regarding occupational risks and their impact on mental and physical health was indicated. Moreover, the study underscored the significance of integrating occupational health with public health.
ConclusionThe safety, health, and well-being of workers significantly influence not only individuals but also the overall welfare of society.
Keywords: Occupational Safety, Health, Occupational Health, Public Health, Trends} -
Background & Objective
We aimed to compare sexual function and body image among cervical cancer survivors.
Materials & MethodsBetween August 1, 2016 and January 31, 2019, we conducted a prospective study with 104 participants. The FSFI and the FACT-Cx v.4.0 (B4 and C7) were the measurement tools.
ResultsForty–seven and twelve hundredths percent reported sexual activity, with the surgical group considerably less sexually active than the non-surgical group (63% vs. 100%, P=0.0003). Throughout the follow-up, we found no significant changes in sexual function (P>0.05). A diagnosis of sexual dysfunction was made in 60.58% of cervical cancer survivors, 80.65% following surgery alone, and in 100% after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In comparison with survivors who did not receive radiotherapy, irradiated survivors had lower FSFI total scores (1.2 vs. 21.4, P T1=0.0001; 2.1 vs. 21.75, P T2=0.0002). In comparison with the non–chemotherapy group, the chemotherapy group's scores were considerably lower (1.2 vs. 21.15, P T1 <0.0001; 2.4 vs. 18.95, P T2=0.004). We detected no significant changes in body image scores (P=0.184). Except for T1 time assessment (2 vs. 3, P T1=0.016), no differences in body image between the surgical and non-surgical groups were found throughout the follow-up (P T2=0.992; P T3=0.207; P T4=0.139).
ConclusionThe rate of female sexual dysfunction was 60.58%, prevailing after therapeutic multimodality, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Throughout the follow–up, we discovered no significant changes in sexual activity and function, or in body image. In terms of body image, there were no significant differences between the surgical and non–surgical groups.
Keywords: Self–image, sexuality, Surveys, questionnaires, Trends, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms} -
سابقه و هدف
بیماری ایسکمیک قلبی (IHD) یک مشکل عمده بهداشت عمومی می باشد و در سال 2019 علت اول سال های از دست رفته عمر به دلیل مرگ زودرس را داشته است. دانستن میزان بروز و مرگ ومیر آن می تواند در طراحی و اجرای مداخلات پیشگیرانه در مناطق مختلف کشور کمک کننده باشد. در پژوهش حاضر الگوی بروز، و مرگ ومیر IHD طی سال های 2019-1990 در استان های ایران بررسی شد.
مواد و روش هادر این مطالعه اکولوژی (با کد اخلاق IR.ZUMS.REC.1402.216)، میزان بروز، و مرگ ومیر استاندارد شده سنی (در هر 100000 نفر) بیماری ایسکمیک قلبی برای 31 استان ایران از پایگاه جهانی بار بیماری ها (GBD) در سال های 1990، 1995، 2000، 2005، 2010، 2015 و 2019 استخراج شد. همچنین میزان بروز، و مرگ ومیر در گروه های سنی کم تر از 44، 54- 45، 64-55، 65-74، 75-84 و بالای 85 سال در سال های مورد مطالعه نیز مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در زنان و مردان، در گروه های سنی مختلف و در کل، نسبت مرگ ومیر به بروز (MIR) نیز محاسبه شد. به منظور شناسایی استان های با روندهای مشابه در میزان بروز، مرگ و میر و MIR در سال های مورد مطالعه از تحلیل خوشه بندی مبتنی بر مدل استفاده شد. در روش خوشه بندی از آمیخته متناهی از توزیع های تی چند متغیره استفاده شد. جهت تعیین تعداد خوشه ها (تعداد روندهای متفاوت) معیار اطلاع بیزی (BIC) به کار رفت. جهت تعیین تعداد خوشه ها، خوشه های متفاوت در نظرگرفته شد و BIC محاسبه شد. تعداد خوشه ای که دارای کم ترین مقدار BIC بود به عنوان تعداد خوشه نهایی در هر شاخص در نظر گرفته شد. تحلیل ها در نرم افزار R 4.2.0 انجام شد.
یافته هاطی سال های 1990 تا 2019، میزان بروز IHD در زنان 6 درصد و مردان 4 درصد، میزان مرگ ومیر IHD در زنان 35 درصد و مردان 40 درصد و MIR در زنان 69 درصد و مردان 62 درصد کاهش داشته است. از سال 1990 تا 2019 در استان خراسان رضوی 13 درصد کاهش بروز کل و در استان اردبیل فقط 1 درصد کاهش بروز کل بیماری مشاهده گردید. کم ترین میزان بروز بیماری ایسکمی قلبی در سال 2019 در استان تهران بوده است. همچنین در هر دو جنس، استان تهران کم ترین میزان مرگ ومیر و MIR را داشته است. استان خراسان شمالی در کل بالاترین میزان بروز و استان گلستان بالا ترین میزان مرگ ومیر و MIR بیماری را در سال 2019 دارا می باشد. براساس نتایج تحلیل خوشه بندی، میزان بروز دارای 3، مرگ ومیر دارای 2 و MIR دارای 2 روند(خوشه) در31 استان بودند. میزان بروز در اردبیل، گلستان، خراسان جنوبی، قزوین، قم، سیستان و بلوچستان، تهران و یزد، میزان مرگ و میر در اردبیل، بوشهر، چهارمحال و بختیاری، هرمزگان، ایلام، کردستان، لرستان، قزوین و سمنان و MIR در آذربایجان شرقی و غربی، بوشهر، چهارمحال و بختیاری، فارس، گیلان، گلستان، هرمزگان، ایلام، اصفهان، کرمان، کرمانشاه، خراسان رضوی، خوزستان، کردستان، لرستان، مرکزی، مازندران، سمنان و یزد روند مشابه هم و بالاتر از سایر استان ها داشته است.
استنتاجمیزان بروز و مرگ ومیر و MIR طی 30 سال مطالعه در ایران کاهش داشته است که این کاهش در بروز به میزان قابل توجهی کم تر از دو شاخص دیگر است. این امر لزوم توجه برنامه ریزان نظام سلامت و تمرکز آن ها به برنامه های پیشگیرانه سطح اول را نشان می دهد. هم چنین تفاوت مشاهده شده در بروز و مرگ ومیر بر حسب استان های مختلف، برنامه ریزی بر حسب مناطق مختلف را متذکر می شود.
کلید واژگان: بیماری ایسکمی قلبی, بروز, مرگ و میر, روند, میزان مرگ و میر به بروز}Background and purposeIschemic heart disease (IHD) is a major public health problem and in 2019 it was the leading cause of years of life lost due to premature death. Knowing its incidence and mortality rates can help in designing and implementing preventive interventions in different regions of the country. In this study, the incidence and mortality pattern of IHD during the years 1990-2019 was investigated in the provinces of Iran.
Materials and methodsIn the current ecology study (ethics code IR.ZUMS.REC.1402.216), age-standardized incidence and mortality rate (per 100,000 population) of ischemic heart disease for 31 provinces of Iran from the Global Burden of Disease Database (GBD) in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2019 were extracted. Also, the incidence and mortality rates in the age groups below 44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, 75-84, and above 85 years in the studied years were investigated. In men and women, in different age groups and overall, the mortality-incidence ratio (MIR) was also calculated. To identify provinces with similar trends in incidence, mortality, and MIR in the studied years, model-based clustering analysis was used. A finite mixture of multivariate t-distributions was used in the clustering method. Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) was used to determine the number of clusters (number of different trends). To determine the number of clusters, different clusters were considered and BIC was calculated. The number of clusters with the lowest BIC value was considered as the final number of clusters in each index. Analyzes were performed in R 4.2.0 software.
ResultsDuring the years 1990 to 2019, the incidence rate of IHD in women has decreased by 6% and men by 4%, the mortality rate of IHD in women by 35% and men by 40%, and MIR in women by 69% and men by 62%. The results showed that from 1990 to 2019, in Khorasan Razavi province, we saw a 13% decrease in the total incidence of the disease, and in Ardabil province, we saw only a 1% decrease in the total incidence of the disease. The lowest rate of IHD in 2019 was in Tehran province. Also, in both genders, Tehran province had the lowest mortality rate and the lowest MIR. North Khorasan province has the highest incidence and Golestan province has the highest mortality rate and the highest MIR of the disease in 2019. Based on the results of clustering analysis, the incidence rate is 3, the mortality rate is 2 and MIR has 2 trends (clusters) in 31 provinces. The IHD incidence rate in Ardabil, Golestan, South Khorasan, Qazvin, Qom, Sistan, and Baluchistan, Tehran, and Yazd, the mortality rate in Ardabil, Bushehr, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kurdistan, Lorestan, Qazvin and Semnan, and MIR in West and East Azerbaijan, Bushehr, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Isfahan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan Razavi, Khuzestan, Kurdistan, Lorestan, Markazi, Mazandaran, Semnan and Yazd had a similar trend and a higher value than other provinces.
ConclusionThe incidence and mortality rate and MIR have decreased during the 30 years of study in Iran, but this decrease in the incidence rate was less than the decrease in the other two indices. This shows the need for health system planners to pay attention and focus on first-level preventive programs. Also, the observed difference in incidence and mortality rate according to different provinces, and planning according to different regions is noted.
Keywords: ischemic heart disease, incidence, mortality, trends, MIR} -
Introduction
The air pollution is a significant environmental issue that profoundly impacts urban areas and their surrounding regions. The processes involved in air pollution are complex, as primary pollutants are released into the atmosphere and then transported by the action of wind. Primary pollutants may undergo chemical reactions, change phases, and eventually be eliminated from the atmosphere through dry and wet deposition.
Materials and methodsThe Air Quality Index (AQI) has been used to analyse the variations in the AQI over a span of three years (2019-2021) for Gurugram city. The study aimed to quantify the changes in the AQI values on seasonal basis (winter, summer, and monsoon).
ResultsThe results show that there has been a slight improvement in the air quality in certain areas, but it still remains critical. Therefore, it highlights the need for continued and concerted efforts to address the issue of air pollution. The deteriorating air quality poses severe threats, including the potential alteration into the natural state of atmospheric composition, besides health-related issues.
ConclusionIt is closely linked to adverse health effects, such as respiratory problems, increased instances of asthma, cancer, and even leads to mortality in extreme cases. The measurements from four monitoring sites namely Seva Sadan, Sector-51, Gawal Pahari, and Manesar, were analysed and a comparison of seasonal trends among these sites were also attempted.
Keywords: Air Polution, Air quality index (AQI), Seasonal variations, Pollutants, Trends} -
Background
We aimed to explore the epidemiological trends and characteristics of undernutrition among children and adolescents aged 7~18 years in Macao from 2005 to 2020 to provide insights into the improvement of nutritional status among the youth in Macao, China.
MethodsBased on the data collected from the Citizen Physical Fitness surveillance sessions in Macao in 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, the prevalence of undernutrition among children and adolescents aged 7~18 years in Macao was calculated.
ResultIn 2020, the prevalence of undernutrition among children and adolescents aged 7~18 years in Macao was 12.11%. Among them, the rates of stunting, moderate or severe wasting, and mild wasting were 0.63%, 5.25%, and 6.23%, respectively. The prevalence of undernutrition among boys (13.81%) was higher than that among girls (10.06%). Mild wasting was the main form of undernutrition among students. From 2005 to 2020, the prevalence of malnutrition showed a decreasing trend (P<0.05), but there was a rebound in 2020 from 2015, mainly because it may be caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The prevalence of undernutrition among children and adolescents in Macao was lower than that in Mainland China (P<0.01).
ConclusionThe detection rates of undernutrition showed a decreasing trend from 2005 to 2020. In the post-pandemic era, Macao should undertake more effective measures in areas such as promoting balanced nutritional intake, increasing physical activity levels, enhancing school physical education, and incorporating mental health education. These efforts are essential for further reducing the prevalence of undernutrition among children and adolescents.
Keywords: Undernutrition, Children, adolescents, China, Trends} -
Background
The health and fitness industry is evolving and appears to be a dynamic space for all involved stakeholders with great potential worldwide.
ObjectivesThe purpose of this observational study was to identify the most popular health and fitness trends in Turkey for the first time after the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and to detect any potential differences in the recent results reported in other countries or regions.
MethodsA national online survey was carried out, utilizing the methodology of similar international surveys conducted by the American College of Sports Medicine since 2007. Specifically, simple random sampling was used through a web-based questionnaire that was sent to 5,725 professionals who worked in the Turkish health and fitness industry.
ResultsA total of 505 responses was collected with a response rate of 8.8%. The 10 most popular health and fitness trends in Turkey in the post-COVID-19 era were exercised for weight loss, Pilates, strength training (free weights), body weight training, personal training, core training, boutique fitness studios, group training, functional fitness training, and high intensity interval training. The present results are fully aligned with those observed for the top health and fitness trends in various Southern European countries and the European region, demonstrating that trends related to technology and health are not yet popular nationwide.
ConclusionSuch findings may help gym operators/managers, exercise professionals, training providers, and educators with making critical business decisions, educational and professional development opportunities, and novel exercise concepts to strengthen customer engagement, satisfaction, loyalty and retention through engaging fitness experiences in the post-COVID-19 era.
Keywords: Turkey, Fitness Survey, Trends, Top Programs, Top Services, ACSM Survey} -
Introduction
Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are one of the major health problems in developed and developing countries. In Iran, RTIs are the first leading cause of years of life lost (YLL). So, the present study investigated the 11-year trend of RTI- related mortalities in Iran.
MethodsThis study was a population-based cross-sectional study. All-cause deaths as well as RTI-related mortalities’ data were collected from the Civil Registration Organization (CRO) and Legal medical organization (LMO) of Isfahan during 2011-2021. The mid-year population, number of deaths due to RTIs, the crude and age-standardized mortality (per 100,000) of RTIs, and the percentage of proportional mortality by sex and year of accident during the study period were calculated and reported. Also, trend analysis was done using join point regression program.
ResultsDuring the study period, 11,248 deaths occurred due to RTIs in Isfahan province. 8,894 cases were male (79.03%), the highest number of deaths in both male and female cases was reported in those aged 15-39 years. Among the males, trend of standardized mortality in 2011-2015 was decreasing (annual percentage changes = -6.76(CI 95%: -2.53, -15.03)), while in 2015-2021 it was increasing (annual percentage changes = 3.00 (CI 95%: 0.63, 9.87)). However, no significant trend was observed among females.
ConclusionThe findings of the present study showed that the number and standardized mortality rate of RTIs decreased during the 11-year period. It seems that applying stricter policies, improving the quality of the roads of the province, improving the quality of cars, and increasing the number of hospital and pre-hospital medical facilities can play an effective role in reducing RTIs.
Keywords: Accidents, traffic, Mortality, Trends, Regression analysis} -
Introduction
Peptide-based research has attained new avenues in the antibiotics and cancer drug resistance era. The basis of peptide design research lies in playing with or altering physicochemical parameters. Here in this work, we have done exploratory data analysis (EDA) of physicochemical parameters of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and anticancer peptides (ACPs), two promising therapeutics for microbial and cancer drug resistance to deduce patterns and trends.
MethodsBriefly, we have captured the natural AMPs and ACPs data from the APD3 database. After cleaning the data manually and by CD-HIT web server, further data analysis has been done using Python-based packages, modlAMP and Pandas. We have extracted the descriptive statistics of 10 physicochemical parameters of AMPs and ACPs to build a comprehensive dataset containing all major parameters. The global analysis of datasets has been done using modlAMP to find the initial patterns in global data. The subsets of AMPs and ACPs were curated based on the length of the peptides and were analyzed by Pandas package to deduce the graphical profile of AMPs and ACPs.
ResultsEDA of AMPs and ACPs shows selectivity in the length and amino acid compositions. The distribution of physicochemical parameters in defined quartile ranges was observed in the descriptive statistical and graphical analysis. The preferred length range of AMPs and ACPs was found to be 21-30 amino acids, whereas few outliers in each parameter were evident after EDA analysis.
ConclusionThe derived patterns from natural AMPs and ACPs can be used for the rational design of novel peptides. The statistical and graphical data distribution findings will help in combining the different parameters for potent design of novel AMPs and ACPs.
Keywords: Antimicrobial peptide, Anticancer peptide, Data analysis, Rational design, Peptide properties, Patterns, trends} -
Objectives
Bibliometric analysis is one of the most prevalent methods for analyzing and predicting the research trends of particular subjects. Through a bibliometric analysis, this study sought to look into and depict the hotspots and research trends in knee arthroplasty research over the previous five years.
MethodsThe Web of Science Core Collection database was used to find research articles on knee arthroplasty published between 2018 and 2022. The VOS viewer, Cite Space, and Bibliometrix were used to carry out the bibliometric study and network visualization
ResultsDuring the previous five years, 7,422 included knee arthroplasty publications were cited 57,087 times. The United States and the Journal of Arthroplasty were the top countries and journals regarding the number of articles. The top 10 global high-impact documents were determined using the citation ranking and citation burst. The most frequently referenced article revealed that the epidemiological characteristics of knee arthroplasty, perioperative care in knee arthroplasty, prosthetic joint infections, and opioid medications were the hot topics in knee arthroplasty research. Keyword burst analysis showed that the research trends in knee arthroplasty through 2022 were racial disparity, limb alignment, tibial slope, and meniscectomy. The analysis of the subject areas revealed the close connections and relationships between different subject areas, as demonstrated by the figures.
ConclusionThe knee arthroplasty research community is highly productive and centralized. Recent hotspots in knee arthroplasty research were unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, periprosthetic joint infection, kinematic alignment, outpatient total knee arthroplasty (TKA), bariatric surgery, payment model, tranexamic acid, RoboticAssisted TKA, patient-reported outcome measures, metaphyseal cone, opioid use, and patient-specific instrumentation. Research trends in knee arthroplasty research were racial disparity, limb alignment, tibial slope, and meniscectomy. Level of evidence: IV
Keywords: Bibliometric analysis, Knee arthroplasty, Knee replacement, Trends, visualization} -
Objectives
Bibliometric analysis is one of the most prevalent methods for analyzing and predicting research trends of particular subjects. Through a bibliometric analysis, the present study sought to look into and depict the hotspots and research trends in hip arthroplasty resear ch over the previous five years.
MethodsThe Web of Science Core Collection database was used to find studies on hip arthroplasty published between 2018 and 2022. The VOS viewer, Cite Space, and Bibliometrix were used to carry out the bibliometric study and network visualization.
ResultsDuring the last five years, 5,708 hip arthroplasty publications were cited 40,765 times. The United States and the Journal of Arthroplasty were the top countries and journals regarding the number of studies, respectively.The top 10 global high-impact documents were determined using the citation ranking and citation burst. The most frequently referenced research revealed the epidemiological aspects of hip arthroplasty, perioperative care after hip arthroplasty, COVID-19, periprosthetic joint infections, opioid medicines, stability, and osteonecrosis were the hot topics in hip arthroplasty research. Keyword burst analysis showed that the research trends in hip arthroplasty through 2022 were patient-reported outcome measures (PROM), depression, racial disparity, and artificial intelligence (AI). The analysis of the subject areas revealed the close connections and relationships between different subject areas, as demonstrated by the figures.
ConclusionThe hip arthroplasty research community is very productive and highly centralized. Periprosthetic joint infection, dual-mobility cups, spinopelvic mobility, direct anterior approach, outpatient total hip arthroplasty, polyethylene, periprosthetic fracture, acetabular defects, tranexamic acid, developmental dysplasia of the hip, and safety-net hospitals were recent trends in hip arthroplasty research. Patient-reported outcome measures, depression, racial disparities, and AI were research hotspots in hip arthroplasty. Level of evidence: IV
Keywords: Bibliometric analysis, hip arthroplasty, Hip replacement, Trends, visualization} -
Background
Understanding national trends in noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk factors may have health policy implications. We aimed to evaluate trends in the prevalence and correlates of eight risk factors for NCD from 2005 to 2019 in Mongolia.
MethodsCross-sectional data were analyzed from 9,356 individuals (15-64/69 yr, mean age=37.3 yr) who participated in the Mongolia STEPS 2005, 2009, 2013 or 2019 surveys and had complete measurement of the risk factor for NCD.
ResultsThe proportion of having 3-8 NCD risk factors significantly decreased from 59.1% in 2005 to 49.4% in 2019, and the mean number of NCD risk factors significantly decreased from 2.8 in 2005 to 2.6 in 2019. In linear regression analyses by study year, older age and male sex were across all study years positively associated with eight NCD risk factors. The prevalence of low physical activity increased from 8.2% in 2005 to 28.4% in 2019, overweight/ obesity from 49.6% in 2005 to 64.0% in 2019, and raised total cholesterol from 23.9% in 2005 to 27.6% in 2019, there was a significant decrease in inadequate fruit and vegetable intake from 85.1% in 2005 to 79.5% in 2019, current smoking from 26.6% in 2005 to 24.1% in 2019, hypertension from 28.2% in 2005 to 23.2% in 2019, while the prevalence of diabetes remained unchanged from 2005 to 2019.
ConclusionThe prevalence of eight risk factors for NCD decreased in the last 15 years in Mongolia. Several associated variables for eight and individual NCD risk factors were identified that can help guide interventions.
Keywords: Trends, Risk factors, Non-communicable diseases, Mongolia} -
Background
The incidence and mortality rates of salivary gland tumors have increased according to previous evidence. No study has so far focused on the trend of clinical and histopathologic patterns of salivary gland tumors in Iran. Therefore, the aim was to investigate the incidence and clinico-histopathologic trend of salivary gland tumors in a retrospective, cross-sectional, institutional study from 2010-2019 in Amir Alam hospital.
MethodsThe archived medical records were collected from patients with the histopathologic diagnosis of benign and malignant salivary gland tumors from Amir Alam hospital, Tehran during (April-April) 2010- 2019. Demographic data and histopathologic features, including tumor size, lymph node involvement, vascular invasion, perineural involvement, and histopathologic differentiation were retrieved, and the samples were categorized and reviewed based on the new classification of head and neck tumors. Finally, the frequencies of characteristics were determined and expressed as numbers (percentage values).
ResultsOf 1203 salivary gland tumors, 77.6% and 22.4% were benign and malignant, respectively. The incidence of benign tumors was increased from 37 (22.2%) in 2010 to 178 (364.9%) in 2019. In the collection of the total samples, the incidence of malignant tumors was relatively steady from 23 (13.8%) samples in 2010 to 27 (55.35%) in 2019. However, an increase in the incidence of tumors with low-grade differentiation was found from 12.5% in 2010 to 80% in 2019.
ConclusionsThe incidence of benign and malignant salivary tumors with a higher degree of malignancy had an increasing trend in Amir Alam hospital during 2010-2019.
Keywords: Diseases, Epidemiology, Salivary glands, Trends} -
مقدمه:
لیشمانیوز، از جمله بیماری های اندمیک در ایران و استان اصفهان است. این مطالعه به منظور بررسی روند لیشمانیوز جلدی در 6 کانون اصلی در استان اصفهان طی سال های 1387 تا 1397 انجام شده است.
روش هااین مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی از نوع مقطعی است که بر اساس داده های موجود در واحد بیماری های زیونوز مستقر در مرکز بهداشت استان اصفهان، انجام شد. داده های مربوط به موارد جدید ابتلا به لیشمانیوز جلدی که توسط آزمایشگاه های تشخیص سالک مثبت گزارش نموده بودند و همچنین داده های مربوط به اقدامات کنترلی و مبارزه با مخزن در این دوره ی زمانی جمع آوری گردید. در ادامه، روند بروز بیماری به تفکیک کانون ها و به تفکیک سال و ارتباط روند بروز بیماری با اقدامات کنترلی انجام شده، مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته هانتایج نشان داد در طی این دوره ی 11 ساله، روند بروز لیشمانیوز رو به کاهش اما بعضی کانون ها مانند کانون اصفهان- 1، دارای نوسانات شدیدی در بعضی سال ها بوده است. ارتباط بین میانگین بروز بیماری با مجموع سموم مصرفی با استفاده از آزمون آماری Pearsonخطی و معنی دار بود. به عبارت دیگر در کانون هایی که بیشترین مقدار مصرف سم داشته اند، نرخ بروز بیماری لیشمانیوز در همان حوزه نیز، بیشتر گزارش شده است.
نتیجه گیریبا توجه به نوسانات بیماری در بعضی سال ها و با توجه به این که کانون اصفهان- 1، با وجود بالاترین میزان سموم مصرفی، بیشترین میزان بروز را در مقایسه با کانون شاهین شهر داشته است، کارآیی این نوع مداخله، در درازمدت، مورد تردید می باشد.
کلید واژگان: لیشمانیوز جلدی, بروز, روند, اصفهان, کنترل ناقلین}BackgroundLeishmaniasis is one of the endemic diseases in Iran and Isfahan province. This study was conducted to investigate the trend of cutaneous leishmaniasis in 6 main centers of Isfahan province during the years 2007 to 2018.
MethodsThis research is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study that was conducted based on the data available in the Zoonosis Diseases Unit located in the Isfahan Health Vice-Chancellor. The data related to the new cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis that were reported by the detection laboratories as well as the data related to the control measures and the fight against the reservoir were collected. The trend of disease incidence was analyzed separately by foci, year and the relationship between disease incidence and control measures.
FindingsThe results showed that during this 11-year period, the incidence of leishmaniasis is decreasing, but some centers, such as the number 1 Isfahan region, have had severe fluctuations in some years. The relationship between the average incidence of the disease and the total number of poisons consumed using the Pearson Correlation statistical test was linear and significant. In other words, in the centers where the highest amount of poison has been consumed, the incidence rate of leishmaniasis is also reported to be higher.
ConclusionConsidering the fluctuations of the disease in some years, and the number 1 Isfahan region has the highest rate of incidence despite the highest amount of poisons consumed compared to the Shahin-shahr region, the effectiveness of this type of intervention in the long term is doubtful.
Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Incidence, Esfahan, Pest Control, Trends} -
Background
The study conducted a component analysis of the dynamics of the incidence of breast cancer (BC) in Karaganda region.
MethodsPrimary data were for registered patients with BC (ICD 10–C50) in Kazakhstan, Karaganda region the period of 2009-2018. Evaluation of changes in BC incidence in the population of Karaganda was performed using component analysis according to the methodological recommendations.
ResultsOverall, 4,391 new cases of BC and 1,202 deaths were recorded. The incidence rate increased from 44.4 (2009) to 72.7 in 2018 and the overall growth was 28.37 per 100,000 population of female, including due to the age structure – ∑ΔA=3.13, due to the risk of acquiring illness – ∑ΔR=22.69 and their combined effect – ∑ΔRA=2.56. The component analysis revealed that the increase in the number of patients with BC was mainly due to the growth of the population (ΔP=+3.7%), changes in its age structure (ΔA=+10.3%) and changes associated with the risk of acquiring illness (ΔR=+75.0%). The mortality rate in the region changed from 18.6 (2009) to 10.9 (2018) and tended to decrease.
ConclusionThe role of the influence of demographic factors and the risk of acquiring illness on the formation of the number of patients and the incidence of BC was evaluated. In this region, these indicators were the highest. The implementation of the results of this study is recommended in management of anticancer activities for BC.
Keywords: Breast cancer, Incidence, Trends, Component analysis}
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