جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « blaTEM » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii has threatened patients’ optimal healthcare in various tertiary care hospitals globally. The paucity of information regarding this life-threatening organism in Nigeria necessitated this research. Hence, this study aimed to molecularly characterize ESBL-producing A. baumannii among debilitated patients in a tertiary care hospital in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Debilitated patients admitted in the intensive care unit (ICU), medical, surgical, and orthopedic wards were sampled, and 385 clinical samples were obtained from them over a six-month study period. Standard microbiological methods were used to identify A. baumannii isolates, while 16S rRNA PCR was used to confirm the isolates molecularly. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion techniques were used to ascertain the antibiotic sensitivity profiles of A. baumannii isolates. The double disc synergy test (DDST) method was employed to determine ESBLs production among the isolates, while to determine A. baumannii isolates harboring blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaOXA genes, PCR techniques were used. A total of 23 (6%) A. baumannii isolates were recovered from 385 clinical samples. The isolated A. baumannii exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) traits, while 43.5% of the isolates were ESBL-producing A. baumannii. Also, 9 (90%) and 3 (30%) of the isolated A. baumannii harbored blaTEM and blaOXA genes, respectively, while no isolate harbored the blaSHV gene. The isolated A. baumannii were observed to harbor ESBL genes. Importantly, this is the first report of ESBL-producing A. baumannii in Ebonyi State, Nigeria.

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, a common clinical state caused by bacterial or viral infections. There are different types of tonsillitis; acute, sub-acute, chronic, and recurrent. The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from tonsillitis based on conventional standard bacteriological methods and confirmed by VITEK-2 compact system.
Materials &

A polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes.

A total of 50 specimens were recovered from tonsillitis using swab sampling, which contained 35 bacterial growths. Onto the MacConkey agar, 15 isolates were confirmed as K. oxytoca using IMVIC test and VITEK-2 compact system. In the genotypic test, K. oxytoca isolates contained 11 (73.3%) blaCTX-M and 10 (66.6%) blaTEM genes.

The use of the VITEK-2 system is necessary to confirm the precise identification of K. oxytoca nosocomial pathogens from tonsillitis. The existence of blaTEM and blaCTX-M gene in half of K. oxytoca isolates is a concern that needs control strategies.

 Beta-lactamases are the most important factors in the resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics among gram-negative bacteria, especially Klebsiella pneumoniae. Nowadays, the prevalence of infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing K. pneumoniae is increasing, as one of the emerging health problems throughout the world. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of blaTEM and blaSHV genes in K. pneumoniae isolated from the clinical specimens in Miandoab in West Azerbaijan province.

 In this study, 120 K. pneumoniae strains which were isolated from the clinical specimens in Miandoab hospitals were used. Then, an antibiotic susceptibility test was performed to determine ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates using the combined disk method. The presence of blaTEM and blaSHV genes was detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.

 In the combined disk method, of 120 strains of K. pneumoniae, 71 (59.2%) were positive for ESBL. The blaTEM and blaSHV ESBLs were detected in 35 (49.3%) and 31 (43.7%) strains respectively. Eventually, the co-existence of blaTEM and blaSHV was detected in 5 (7%) isolates.

 blaTEM was the most common gene with a frequency of 49.3% in K. pneumonia isolates.

Uropathogenic Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the well-kown uropathogens that have the main rule in biofilm formation. Increased prevalence of ESBL enzyme is one of the therapeutic problems. However, the aims of this study were to characterize  the ability of biofilm formation and ESBL-producing isolates produced by urinary tract infection’s K. pneumoniae to identify the prevalence of this type of infection in the studied area.

Between the 500 nonrepetitive clinical isolates, 128 isolates were detected as K. pneumoniae. Biofilm production of these isolates was showed by Merrit and Christensen method. The standard Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.  The phenotype ESBL was confirmed by double disc synergy test (DDST). Genotypic identification of ESBLs did by molecular detection. The statistical analysis was done  using software IBM SPSS Statistics (SPSS Inc) and chi-square and Fisher exact tests.

The result of microtiter plate was observed and it was found that 86 (67.2%) isolates had weak biofilm, 24 (18.8%)  moderate biofilm, and 18 (14.1%) strong biofilm. Also, 57 (44.5%) out of 128 isolates were diagnosed as MDR. The highest frequency of resistance was identified for cefotaxime 60 (46.9%) and tetracycline 60 (46.9%), and the lowest rate was for amikacin 16 (12.5%). The results of DDST showed 55 of 128 (43%) produced ESBL enzymes. PCR detection in ESBL-producing isolates showed contained blaTEM  33 of 55(63.1%), and blaVEB  13 of 55 (23% ). Also, 1 of 55 (2%) had both blaTEM and blaVEB. Also, 5 of 13 (38.4%) isolates that had the blaVEB gene were also MDR and had weak biofilm (8/13; 61.5%),  intermediate biofilm (3/13; 23%),  and strong biofilm (2/13; 15.4%).

To decrease treatment complications and mortality rate of drug-resistant bacterial infections, rapid detection of β-lactamases genes and evaluation of these properties and infection management programs can help to prevent the transmission of drug resistant-strains.

Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that is resistant to many antibiotics including beta-lactams. Production of β-lactamases is the main mechanism of β-lactam resistance in A. baumannii strains. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of blaTEM and blaVEB genes in clinical isolates of A. baumannii and the relationship between the antibiotic resistance and the presence of ESBL genes in strains isolated from burn wound infection in Isfahan.

In this study, 123 MDR A. baumannii strains were isolated from burn wound infection. After antibiotic resistance evaluation using the Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method, all the isolates were evaluated with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to detect ESBL genes, followed by statistical analysis by the end.

Out of 123 A. baumannii isolates, 77 (62.60%) strains were ESBL positive according to the PCR results. The frequency of blaTEM and blaVEB genes was 52 (42.3%) and 67 (54.5%), respectively. There was a significant relationship between the antibiotic resistance and the presence of ESBL genes (blaTEM and blaVEB) in A. baumannii strains.

The high prevalence of blaTEM and blaVEB genes in A. baumannii strains found in this study is the major concern about burn wound infections in Isfahan and Iran because of the complexity in treating infections caused by these strains. This study results highlighted the need for infection control measures to prevent the spread of resistant isolates and ESBL genes, especially in burn hospitals.

Extended‑spectrum β‑lactamase (ESBL)‑producing is a significant resistant mechanism to β‑lactams in Enterobacteriaceae, especially in Klebsiella pneumoniae. The main objectives of this study were to genetically characterize urinary clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae through the investigating of blaTEM, blaCTX‑M and using molecular typing by Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC‑PCR) method. We also determined the frequency of antibiotic resistance of K. pneumoniae strains to characterize the β‑lactamases included.

A cross‑sectional study was carried out to evaluate 98 strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from urine culture of outpatients referred to Al‑Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby–Bauer’s method. Screening of ESBLs was carried out using double‑disk screening test. PCR technique was performed to detect TEM and CTX‑M genes. The total DNA of each strain was tested by ERIC‑PCR.

In 98 K. pneumoniae studied clinical isolates, 25.5% were ESBL producing and 44.9% multidrug‑resistant (MDR). From 25 ESBL isolates, 23 (92%) cases showed MDR phenotype. In ESBL producing isolates, 23 (92%) were blaCTX‑M and 19 (76%) blaTEM positive. The antimicrobial drug susceptibilities of ESBL isolates indicated high resistant rates for cefotaxime and ceftazidime. All 25 ESBL producing isolates were resistant to cefotaxime. Complex patterns of fingerprints isolates showed that 36% of the isolates were belonged to the cluster no 5.

This study revealed high antimicrobial resistance rates among ESBL isolates which can lead to various health difficulties. Epidemiological data collection from patients is recommended to develop the strategies to manage antibiotic resistance.