جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « families » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Childhood is a critical period for motor development. The developmental potentials of preschool aged children are basic for many adult skills. The researchers showed that the motor development of preschool aged children is not pleasant. Several hereditary and environmental factors can affect childrenchr('39')s motor development, but the environmental factors are important than hereditary elements, because they are flexible and changeable. The socioeconomic status of families and mothers are important between other environment factors because children have long and close dependence to their families. The variable world technology leads to poverty movements that can danger for physical health of individuals, families, and society or exist the cognitive or socioemotional problems. These variables can be limiter or provider. It means that the families or parents may have a supportive and modelling role or preventer. This research investigated childrenchr('39')s motor development status and studied the families and parent effects on preschool aged childrenchr('39')s motor development.

The methodology of this research was descriptive–correlation (structural equation modeling). The participants were 150 (4–year–old: n=50, 5–year–old: n=50, 6–year–old: n=50) children with 4–6 aged (65.56±8.55 month old) and their mothers (34.38±5.81 years old) that lived in Sarab city in Eastern Azerbaijan province (Northwest of Iran), and chosen by cluster sampling. The equipment were demographic questionnaire (age, high, width of children and the age of mothers), Godratnama socioeconomic questionnaire (with subscales of income, education, economic category, and home), short form of international physical activity (IPAQ–sf) questionnaire (three levels of inactive, sufficient mobility, and much mobility measured by the cost of expenditure energy or Meets) and short form of the second edition of motor proficiency of Bruininks–Oseretsky (BOT2–Sf) test (with subscales of bilateral coordination, balance, speed running and agility, strength, manual dexterity, upper limb coordination, fine motor integration, fine motor precision). The Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient of Godratnama questionnaire was 0.72, the test–retests reliability coefficient of BOT2–Sf and IPAQ–Sf were 0.809, and 0.86. The entrance criterion was no apparent disorders of vision, hearing, physical, motor, and behavior of mothers and children. The motherschr('39') filled written consent and all three questionnaires, then the children participated in motor proficiency test. All data analyzed by SPSS ver.16 and Smart PLS3 software.

The motor development of children was lower than average (28.85±11.156). The higher than seventy values of Bruninks test showed the most higher than average of motor development status, but it was lower than thirty value express and the most lower than average of motor development status. The socioeconomic status of families had a positive and significant effect on motor development of children (β=0.425, p<0.0001), but had not positive and significant effect on motherchr('39')s physical activity (β=0.076, p=0.348). In addition, the motherchr('39')s physical activity had significant effect on motor development of children (β=0.204, p=0.011). It means that direct effect of socioeconomic status on motor development of children was significant, but non–direct effect of it was not (by mediation of mothers physical activity) significant.

The status of childrenchr('39')s motor development was not optimal. The familieschr('39') socioeconomic status was as a stimulus for childrenchr('39')s motor development, but as a preventive for motherschr('39') physical activity, and the motherchr('39')s physical activities had a facilitator role on motor development of children. Then it seems that the financial or time support of families or modelling of mothers can facilitate the motor development of children.

Attachment and love are the styles that have primary relationships in the family environment and are regarded as stable and multi-generational factors.

The purpose of this study was to determine the comparison between attachment styles and love styles in couples raised in divorce and normal families.

The method of study was causal-comparative. From all couples who were living in Divandareh city, two groups of 50 Couples raised in a divorce family (25 females and 25 males) and 50 Couple raised in a normal family (25 females and 25 males) were selected through available sampling method. The Collins & Reid's (1990) attachment Styles and the Hendrick & Hendrik (1969) love styles Scale were used as tools of investigation. multivariate analysis of variance and Pearson correlation coefficient tests were used for analyzing data.

The results showed that there are significant differences between attachment Styles and love style mean scores in couples raised in divorced and normal families. Generally, mean scores of Safe, avoidant attachment styles and showy, erotic love styles were higher in the couples raised in divorced families than the couples raised in normal families. While, couples raised in normal families gain-ed significantly higher scores in anxious attachment style, romantic, friendly and sacrificial love Styles in comparison to the couples raised in divorced families.

Attachment and love styles play an important role in the family stability and sustainability of this social institution, and this needs to be addressed in prenatal and divorce counseling centers.

With the assumption that health is as one of the luxury goods, therefore making efforts in reducing health spending and inflation in this section will be ineffective.
But if health is an essential service, then in the national level for better redistribution of the resources and financial protection of the households against the health expenditures will be needed. The main objective of this study was determination of income impact of health care expenditures in Tehran household in years 2011-2012.
This study was a population based survey. The instrument of data gathering was a "WHO questionnaire" which was integrated by interview with an acquainted person in each one of the 792 families who live in Tehran. The least ordinary squares, Granger causality test, Breusch-Pagan-Godfery and White heteroskedasticity test were used for data analysis. Eviews 8 software was used for running the tests.
The results showed that heath is a cause for increasing income but the converse is not true. Otherwise, Health with income elasticity equal to 0.25 is an essential service, and is not perceived as luxury goods. Moreover results represented that income is not a good variable for rationalizing the variation of health expenditures.
Health was an essential good, and although income changes affect the expenditures of health care, but the sensitivity is not high and recommended that health policy-makers should in adoption policies such as tariff increases do a comprehensive survey because prices increase are borne by the consumers.

worldwide, cataract surgery and its nursing care are outpatient and ambulatory which has always been a focus of the treatment center on achieving ways to ensure its quality assurance.
Aim: This study was to determine the effect of nursing care quality assurance program in the eye outpatient center on satisfaction rate of patients undergoing cataract surgery and their families which was conducted at Day Clinic Specialty and Subspecialty of Helal Iran in 2016.
This study was a semi-expetimental study for 100 patients and 108 patients’ families which have been selected non – randomly and during discharge, they completed the author-made satisfaction questionnaire. Validity of the questionnaires was determined by content validity and reliability through internal consistency with alpha Cronbach’s (α = 0.49). At first, satisfaction of patients and patients’ families in the control group was measured and then the intervention of the nursing quality assurance program by establishing a Quality Assurance Committee at the Center, providing care standards, writing nurses’ job descriptions in this regard, improving nurses and monitoring the implementation of care standards; was executed about 1 month and then satisfaction of samples was measured in case group. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23 using descriptive and inferential tests.
Results showed that overall mean satisfaction score of patients from nursing care and its dimension in control group and case group was 2.4 and 3.2 respectively. Statistical test (T-test) showed that there was significantly difference with P It is suggested that nursing managers use this program to ensure the quality of nursing care in other outpatient centers.

Population control policies implemented in developing countries are encouraged by developed countries. Now after the emergence of its dangerous consequences and damages، especially in the various aspects of health، officials and experts have been forced to review and do serious research and discussion on this issue. Since Islam in particular addresses the physical and spiritual health of all people; therefore، in the present study، the population decrease and its effect on the health of individual and family from the perspective of Islam was studied. This review study was performed by collecting the data and describes them with reference to the religious and scientific literature and Internet search engines، also data sources through an Internet search on reputable sites are evaluated on the basis of appropriate keywords. Then، the obtained data has been classified and analyzed. In religious literature، decrease of population has been criticized and population increase (in terms of qualitative aspects) is encouraged. Studies have also shown that population control policies in developed countries have consequences on the health of individuals and families. In Iran according to the experts، the decrease in population has dimensions that are more critical. Families with few members and the children brought up in them are subject to serious injuries in various aspects of physical، psychological، moral and social. Depopulation policies not only affect individual and community health but also the countries implementing policy will face big security، economic، social، and religious problems. Thus، if the appropriate and well timed action is not performed، these countries will face irreparable problems in the future.

Population control policies implemented in developing countries to encourage developed countries. Today''s unveiling of some of the dangerous consequences and damage it، especially in the various aspects of health officials and experts to review and research and serious discussion on this issue has brought. Since the physical and spiritual health of all people، especially Islam is addressed. Therefore، the aim of the present study was to population decline and its effect on the health of individuals and families from the perspective of Islam. This study is a review and analysis of data and is used to describe them with reference to the religious and scientific literature and data sources through an Internet search on reputable sites are evaluated on the basis of appropriate keywords. Then، the obtained data classified and analyzed and has been suggested. In religious literature has been criticized general population decline and population increase (in terms of qualitative aspects) are encouraged to present. Studies have also shown that population control policies in developed countries، has consequences on the health of individuals and families. According to experts in various aspects of population decline results are alarming prospect. In low population، especially families and children are nurtured with serious injuries in various aspects of physical، psychological، moral and social necessity. Depopulation policy not only affect individual and community health. In addition، the countries implementing policy will necessity of the big problems with security، economic، social، and religious. Thus، if the appropriate action to be not performed، in this country will not be compensated in future.